An Introduction to the Culture of Zhuang’s Mo Religion Scriptures

Like all the religions in the world,Mo religion is a classic one believed by all Zhuang people.It believes in and worships the gods,having truth in a thing that life and death are manipulated by the gods,that life and death can be reincarnated,and that human beings can be recreated.It has a set of systematic interpretations of the universe,celestial bodies,life and death,misfortune,fate,soul,salvation,etc.It has the omnipotent,omniscient and the infinitely wise.The first Patriarch Bulotuo appeared as the supreme god and master.His professionals are called“pumo”and religious scripture of Mo religion is called“sɯ³⁵mo³⁵”!Mo religion’s activities are known as“hok⁵⁵mo³⁵”.

Exploring the Relation between Karma, Qi, Spirituality, and Subjective Well-Being among People in Taiwan

In addition to recognizing well-being as a multidimensional construct,the potential indicators of well-being also have been recognized as multivariate.Specifically,some recent studies have suggested that various indices of social beliefs,religious attitudes and spiritual practices have been said to be robustly associated with well-being.Therefore,given the overwhelming need for promoting well-being and an increasing recognition of the multivariate indicators of well-being,this research project attempted to evaluate the relation of Qi,karma,transcendental experiences,and spiritual practices with the subjective well-being of people in Taiwan.The relevant data from the national sample of 1,933 participants were subjected to factor analysis to extract relevant factors,which included social and religious attitudes of karma and Qi,spiritual indicators of transcendental experiences and spiritual practices,and positive indicators of subjective well-being.In addition to significant intercorrelations,the hierarchical regression analyses after controlling for demographics suggested that Qi had the highest contribution to subjective well-being,followed by spiritual practices,karma,and transcendental experiences.These results are discussed,their implications are elucidated,and the directions for future research are suggested.

Thermal Microcautery, a Form of Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation for Treatment of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Thermal Microcautery (TMC) is a form of peripheral nerve field stimulation and is a technique used in Traditional Indian Medicine (Agnikarma) to manage chronic pain. The aim was to asses TMC in painful knee osteoarthritis (PKO). Methods: A non-randomized controlled trial was employed. All PKO patients on a waiting list for knee replacement were offered PNFS-TMC. Patients in the intervention group received 4 sessions (2 weeks apart) of PNFS-TMC by a pin-point tip of a metal rod. The rod was heated over a flame for 5 minutes before being used to induce a single 1 mm second-degree burn over points of tenderness. The control group was selected from the same waiting list. The primary outcome was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores. The secondary outcomes were changes in levels of physical day to day activity, sleep and analgesics. Results: 16 PNFS-TMC intervention group patients and 15 control group patients were subject to analysis. Baseline VAS score was higher in PNFS-TMC group [9 ± 1.23 (95% CI 8.38 - 9.61) versus 5.93 ± 2.11 (95% CI 4.81 - 7.06) in the control, P Conclusions: PNFS-TMC could offer a simple, safe, cheap and effective method of pain management in chronic PKO patients.

Spring and Autumn of the Lü Clan and Yellow Emperor School

To which school Spring and Autumn of the Lü Clan belongs is the base of carrying out the study of its thoughts and philosophy,which has always caused controversy.This question should be answered not from the narrowperspective of a certain school,but from the perspective of academic integration. Spring and Autumn of the Lü Clan is a consummate work of YellowEmperor School. There are four reasons for this conclusion: firstly,it shares the same ideological system and basic thoughts with YellowEmperor School. Secondly,from the perspective of ideological views,it carries on the development trend of thoughts of YellowEmperor School. Thirdly,from the perspective of integration of ideological factors of various schools,it carries on the development trend of YellowEmperor School. Fourthly,it raises the banner of"YellowEmperor",and inherits many words from works of YellowEmperor School.

Two Worlds of the Song of Songs

The Song of Songs has been the subject of much speculation and controversy since rabbinic times.Some view it as a collection of erotic love poetry,while many other interpreters perceive it as spiritual allegory.This paper analyzes the Song from two dimensions:an anthology of love poems in the literary world and a canonized scripture in the historical world,attempting to explore its growing path from a secular collection of poems to the sacred Song in the Holy Bible.

A New Interpretation on the Theme of Wuthering Heights

In Wuthering Heights,Heathcliff and Hareton are technically enemies but they share many similarities,such as their growing environment,feeling of inferiority complex,and their intensive persistence in love for their beloved.The major difference between them is the attitude towards revenge and tolerance.Depicting the similarity and difference between the two characters that starts with the same fate but ends with completely different consequence,Emily Bronte indicates the karma that avenger will suffer from the evil consequence committed by himself and tolerance is the true virtue.

Applied aspect of ayurvedic fumigation (Dhupana Karma) in epidemic era: a conceptual review

Ayurveda has attached great importance to preventive medicine and has described several methods for disinfection.Today we are living in a world where we are constantly facing new diseases and surrounded by various types of pathogenic microorganisms in our daily lives,which make us their prey as soon as they get a chance.Some of these microorganisms are the ones that give rise to terrible types of infectious diseases,which have the potential to influence a large section of the population.The Epidemic is the occurrence of more cases of a disease than would be expected in a community or region during a time of period,a severe outbreak of a disease such as SARS.Epidemiological diseases have been described in Ayurveda regarding Janpadodhwansa.Vayu(Air),Desha(Land),Kala(Season),and Jala(Water)are the four factors that are contaminated during the epidemic,according to Ayurveda.Dhupana(fumigation)is the act by which considerable success can be achieved in the field of disinfecting contaminated air and surface.Therefore,because of the present circumstances,this article is an attempt by which to show the importance of Dhupana Karma(fumigation)for the process of disinfection.

早期佛教时间观的演进历程——以三世和三世法问题为中心

过去、现在和未来三世是与佛教修行解脱密切相关的时间观念,它关涉已修和未修、已断和未断。早期佛教以三世和三世法问题为着力点讨论时间之于修行解脱的意义。特别是说一切有部通过对知识和对象外在性问题的讨论展开三世实有的知识论论证,继而又在对作用与功能的区分中完成三世实有的价值论证成。在论证过程中不断强化三世和三世法的同一性,强调三世相续流转乃是有为法建立之基础,而有为法则是无为法存在之前提,这就将三世问题与一切法实有更加紧密地联系起来。说一切有部对于以空间理解时间有着特殊的认识,主张时间、空间和概念三者通过其各自最小单位“刹那”“极微”“字”积聚而共同构成有为法。如此,则既不否定以空间理解时间的传统理路,又在相续和作用的过程中显豁出因果关系的本质。

谈音韵学在敦煌道教文献校勘中的作用

敦煌道教文献中有不少韵文,对这些韵文的韵脚进行分析,可以解决一些校勘问题。分析韵脚字,可以确定异文的是非。对于无校本的文献,分析韵脚可以找出讹误所在,并做些适当的理校。文献中的一些异文与语音转变有关,对异文做音韵学分析可以判别正误并确定讹误产生的原因。

湖南敦煌学研究四十年述略

湖南敦煌学研究起步较早,研究领域以语言文字研究见长,敦煌文献整理、汉文佛典研究成果丰硕,具备鲜明的特色;学缘结构多元化,研究团队以湖南师范大学为核心,薪火相传,有完备的人才体系;在敦煌历史学、中外交流史方面存在研究人员不足、研究成果薄弱的问题。

汉译佛典中多音节同义复用形式的来源及最终双音化选择

汉语中多音节(三音节以上)同义复用形式的起源很早,在上古中土文献中就已出现,但比较罕见。而到了中古时期的汉译佛典中,此类现象却陡然增多。从精确表义(单音多义词,与一个具有同一义位的单音词并列复用,以突显其共同的义位)这一角度而论,超过两个音节的同义复用形式,均为“羡余”。那么此类现象汉译佛典中为何大量出现呢?其主要原因或与汉译佛典的文体形式(如汉译佛典从韵律而言正文多四字格,偈语大多为五字格、七字格)有关,有时为了形式整齐、凑足音节而复叠同义字词。其次要原因或与对佛经原典中固有的同义复用形式的直接翻译有关。从汉译佛典中多音节同义复用形式的组合来看,这些多音节同义复用形式大多数源自两个双音节的组合(四音节)或一个双音节与一个单音节(三音节)的组合(极少数为三个及以上单音节的组合)。不过随着时代的推移,汉语词的音节总体上逐渐由单音节向双音节发展,于是汉译佛典中的多音节同义复用形式也逐渐向双音节规范,然后融入中土文献。这中间就要在多音节同义复用形式中作出选择(三者择其二,或四者择其二),而这种选择往往也是有规律可循的。

《五经文字》中的文献用字分析

《五经文字》注释重文与正字间的字际关系,计有异字同用和借字同用两大类。其中异字同用又可以分为构件省简、同字异构、同字异写、构件异位四种;借字同用又可以分为通假字、古今字两种。通过分析,可以了解当时经典文献用字的面貌及规律,从而为典籍阅读和汉字演变研究提供帮助。

明清仙道小说的结构模式及其来源

明清小说的繁荣,带来了小说观念和小说理论的繁富,小说家纷纷对小说的结构艺术进行深刻思考。在这个背景下,作为明清小说中一个新品种的道教仙道小说,据初步统计共48部,它们的作者都曾苦心经营过这些小说的结构模式,结果是全部48部仙道小说无一例外地按照“仙界开局式”“凡间发展式”“玉局结尾式”,即“仙界→人世→仙界”的三段结构形式来布局谋篇,这种模式同时也策应了明清文法、戏法、小说法等提倡的豹头、猪肚、凤尾的结构理论。究其原因,主要受诸如《太平经》等早期道教在经典制作上的文本模式的影响。但是明清仙道小说在结构安排、叙述风格等方面也存在诸多差异性,这是服从于仙道小说自身发展的内在要求和其他外在客观因素所必然导致的结果。

基于本体和Karma建模的数据集成研究与应用

针对多源异构数据的集成问题,提出一种基于本体和Karma建模的数据集成方法,并应用于粮食安全领域数据的快速集成。分析粮食安全指标数据集和人口健康数据集,构建粮食安全领域本体;通过Karma建模实现粮食安全指标数据到粮食安全领域本体的语义映射,并集成发布为RDF数据;基于RDF数据,设计开发了粮食安全数据管理系统,实现了粮食安全指标数据的查询、分析对比和统计预测等功能,促进粮食安全的风险控制和安全管理;该RDF应用系统也验证了所构建粮食安全领域本体和Karma建模的正确性。

基于模型的系统工程统一架构建模语言的标准体系构建

标准化是基于模型的系统工程的基础,随着多架构建模语言已经被应用于多领域、全周期、多层级的架构建模,多架构建模语言的标准化体系也逐渐受到重视。基于国家标准计划《系统与软件工程基于模型的系统工程统一架构建模语言》,提出架构建模语言的标准规范框架,重点阐述两种核心语言规范、支撑规范及领域规范。最后,提出标准的未来发展路径,进而推动多架构建模语言、工具及方法论的标准化进程。

论《大唐三藏取经诗话》中艺术形态与文化现象

《大唐三藏取经诗话》以地理空间为线索,讲述了大唐法师西天取经沿途的所见所闻,其中体现了人物塑造、故事设计、语言使用的艺术性元素,十分吸睛。本文从艺术形态、文化现象、文化因素对文本的影响等角度进行多方探究,探讨该文本表现出的神话传说、宗教文化、等级文化等现象,以期为现代学术交流提供参考借鉴。

道经故训材料与道典语词训释

在中国道教发展史上,陆续有后代道士和学者为前代经书作注,这些道经注疏以及散布其中的故训材料,是训诂学研究的重要文本载体。道经注疏的中心内容是解释字词,道经故训材料亦多围绕语词释读而展开,尤其是对古语词、方言词、道教语词、语词歧义等的说解。对于训诂学、汉语史、道教文献语言研究而言,这些道经注疏及故训材料具有较高的学术价值,有待深入系统的挖掘与利用。

国内佛经翻译研究的可视化分析(1978—2023)

本研究以中国知网为数据来源,借助CiteSpace软件分析1978—2023年国内佛经翻译研究的概况、热点、演进路径与前沿动态。研究发现:四十多年来,国内佛经翻译研究经历了三个发展阶段;综合性高校学报是该领域发文的主要学术阵地;该领域尚未形成有影响力的核心作者群;汉译佛经与汉语演变研究、佛经翻译史研究、译者与译作研究、翻译策略与方法研究、佛经翻译与中国传统思想文化研究是该领域的研究热点;该领域的研究范围进一步拓展,研究视角呈现多元化趋势。基于此,本研究提出四条启示性建议,供后续研究参考。

四种日本古写经《玄应音义》卷六引《尔雅》考释

日本古写经四种是指石山寺本、七寺本、金刚寺本、西方寺本《玄应音义》。以这四种古写经卷六所引《尔雅》为研究对象,参照宋监本《尔雅》,结合汉魏六朝隋唐时期的文字特点,从内容和文字两方面来考探异文。这四种写本反映了《尔雅》在唐代及唐前时代的文字特点,绝大多数为俗写文字;四种写本的文字内容、具体字形存在一定差异,说明这四个写本并非源自同一个母本;它们与宋监本《尔雅》在内容、文字方面多有不同。它们彼此之间既具有日本写本的共性,也体现出各自的独特个性。

中古汉语副词“转”语法化连续性环境研究

文章以东汉到魏晋南北朝时期的汉译佛经为主要语料,从语法化环境具有连续性的理论出发,讨论了中古汉语时期“转”的各种副词用法演变的语法化环境。这一时期“转”有程度副词、情状副词和语气副词三种用法,它们都是由“变化”义的动词“转”语法化而来,新的语法功能经桥梁环境、在转换环境中最终形成,而“转换环境”是可以采用一定的形式标准将其识别出来的。文章最后还讨论了基本见于佛经的“转复”“转便”“转更”的副词用法,指出它们源于不熟悉汉语的译经僧人(二语习得者)的学习偏误。