Specialization or Diversification:Which is More Conducive to Foreign Trade Resilience?Evidence from China-Russia Border Regions in Northeast China

Under the background of complex international situation,how to build the special geo-economic space of China-Russia bor-der lies in strengthening their foreign trade resilience against external shocks.Based on empirical evidence from ten prefecture-level China-Russia border regions in Northeast China,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of foreign trade resilience under dif-ferent shocks.Furthermore,through the Panel Regression model,the mechanism of the industrial structure on the foreign trade resili-ence in contraction period and expansion period was discussed.The results showed that:1)from 2004 to 2021,foreign trade in China-Russia border regions experienced five phases.The overall foreign trade resilience was higher than expected,showing a rising volatility trend,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the ability of cities to cope with shocks.2)Highly specialized clusters were mainly concentrated in Yichun,Heihe and Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture,while Mudanjiang and Yanbian performed better in related and unrelated diversification.3)In different stages of economic system evolution,the response mode,degree and result of border foreign trade resilience to regional industrial structure showed obvious stage characteristics.During the contraction period,related diversifica-tion was more conducive to improving the resistance through risk spillovers.During the expansion period,specialization played a more significant role in improving regional resilience through self-reinforcing effect.These results are beneficial for expanding the resilience theory,ensuring border economic security and optimizing border industrial investment layout.

Public choice on coordinated development of border regions and its empirical research:a case study of Wuling mountain area

Due to the difficult segmentation of land destiny, popularity destiny, industry destiny on the platform of common interests demand, the regional governance of production and living for the needs of the people in cross-regional areas, such as in the aspects of security, education, assignment and management of water resources, transportation, energy, environment protection and public health, the administrative border regional cooperation is relatively easy. These aspects are equivalent to public products. Just because of this, it leads to problems that nobody will not control. The governments, in order to realize regional economic coordinated development and to eliminate the regional interests parties of administrative regions economy in microcosmic, were adapting various self-protection measures, even including that "you may have your policy but I have my countermeasures" that is derived from inter-regional economic relations. The action of market segmentation has limited the flow of various economic development elements, especially the condition of "dead end highway", resource exploitation and use, difficult social security work in social living of the administrative boundary zone. This paper studies the typical economical district of Wuling mountain area in the obvious strategic position at the junction of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei provinces from the angle of regional public management and public choice to present issue awareness and academic purpose.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.

A Toxicological Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Found in the BMW (Border, Midland and Western) Region of Ireland

A battery of tests was established to determine the oestrogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic potential of two categories of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), phthalates and alkylphenols. Diisononylphthalate (DINP), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), dibutylphthalate (DBP), diisododecylphthalate (DIDP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were oestrogenic in the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay and potently oestrogenic in the MVLN and E-SCREEN assays at environmentally relevant concentrations. DINP and 4-NP were mutagenic in the Ames assay and also induced significant levels of unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA strand breakage. Significant induction in the percentage of cells containing micronuclei was observed after treatment with DINP, DEHP and 4-NP. In addition, sewage effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in the Border, Midlands and Western (BMW) region of Ireland were significantly oestrogenic in the YES assay. Moreover, analysis of levels of phthalates and alkylphenol identified in Irish rivers receiving treated effluent showed potent oestrogenicity in the YES assay. The proliferative and genotoxic ability of the phthalates and alkylphenol, and the oestrogenicity of the treated effluents reported here, is significant as these EDCs and EDCs within the effluent may play a role in the etiology of human abnormalities.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-BORDER REGIONS:A METHODOLOGICAL STUDY

The exploitation and protection of natural and environmental resources have posed a growing challenge to cross-border regions. In this paper, a methodological study in relation to the sustainable development of cross-border regions is conducted. Our particular interest focuses on the locational characteristics of cross-border regions as well as their economic implications to the cross-border governments. Based on a sustainable development model from which the optimal outputs of different kinds of border-regions can be derived, we try to methodologically help cross-border governments to reach a final agreement of sustainable development of natural and environmental resources.It is concluded that the methods by which the net benefits among the sub-regions can be redistributed may be: 1) to equalize the absolute values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned; and 2) to equalize the relative values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned.

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SPATIAL ORGANZATIONAL STRUCTURES ON THE PROVINCIAL BORDER－REGIONS OF CHINA

Based on the spatial organizational structures of the provincial border-regions (a border-region is one which borders two or more independent administrative regions), we build a spatial economic model for N-provincial border-regions (a N-p border-region is one which is under the jurisdiction of N provincial governments) and find that, for a given region with same geographical condition and resources endowment, the largest output of a N-p border-regional system will not exceed that ofa (N-1)-p border-regional system, i.e., F. Using the model in this paper, we present a quantitative method to calculate the economic impacts of 'provincial borders' and apply it to the border-region of Shanxi, Hebei, Shangdong, and Henan provinces. The result shows that the economic potential in the border-region hasnot been efficiently exploited and that the annual gross agricultural products have decreased by 10.4% due to the 4-p borders.

Regional Stress Field and Seismic Dynamics Along the Border Zone Between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces

The regional stress field and seismic dynamics along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces are studied based on the seismo-geological data,GPS measurement, and seismicity. The results show that: (1) the principal compressional stress of the stress field is oriented in NW-SE direction and the principal extensional stress is in NE-SW direction; (2) the WNW-ward compression and collision of the Philippine Sea Plate to the eastern coast of Taiwan Island are the most direct and most important dynamic source for preparation and occurrence of strong earthquakes in the Taiwan Region and along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces.

The Focal Depth Analysis of the Inner Mongolia-Ningxia Border Area Earthquakes

We selected the 103 M_L≥2. 5 earthquake waveform data from the Inner Mongolia-Ningxia border during 2009-2015,which was recorded by the Inner Mongolia Digital Seismic Networks and used the simplex method, Hyposat method, double difference location method,and deterministic method (PTD) for the determination of focal depth,and compared the results. The CAP moment tensor inversion method is used to determine the focal depths of the Alxa Left Banner M5. 8 and M4. 2 earthquakes. The final results of the focal depth by the deterministic method (PTD) and the double difference location method fit well with the tectonic characteristics of the Inner Mongolia-Ningxia border area,but those of the simplex method and the Hyposat method do not. The average depth of the Inner Mongolia-Ningxia border seismic tectonic zone is 13. 32 ± 8 km.

Challenges Facing Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Trading in South Africa： A Review of Literature

Cross border traders make a major contribution to the growth of economies in Southern Africa. Cross border trade is a source of livelihood for many poor people, especially women. However, few studies examined challenges facing cross border traders and future business prospects.The aim of this paper is to examine the challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders in South Africa. The paper goes further to review existing literature as well as empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges that face Zimbabwean cross border traders. Among the challenges noted are crime, harassment due to xenophobia, traders are often stigmatized as ＂prostitutes＂ or ＂smugglers＂, accommodation problems, extortion and bribery by the South African Police and municipal police officials, delays at the border post during peak periods and banks that close early and also do not operate on Sundays. The Zimbabwean Cross Border Traders Association should build office in Musina and Johannesburg so that members can easily consult with the association in times of problems and also help with marketing information like distribution of brochures showcasing Zimbabwean products sold by cross border traders and also organize fairs where Zimbabwean traders can display their products. Furthermore cases of harassment by police officials should be investigated and dealt with. Banks that do have branches at the border posts are also urged to provide 24 hour service to cross border traders.

以文化之名:民国时期政学两界对“中国式边疆”现代化的思考

民国时期政学两界对“边疆”的界定除了基于政治与地理意义外,更多考察其“文化”元素,普遍认为如不从“文化”着眼,无法道尽“边疆的涵义”。这是一种典型的“中国式边疆”,形成了“中国边疆”独特的“边疆性”,由此中国边政内涵也极为丰富。“边疆性”之形成,既然主要来自“文化”因素,那么边疆现代化的实质就是要消除“边疆性”,让其失去“文化上的意义”。所谓“文化”,包括物质文化和精神文化。消除“边疆性”并非抹杀文化,而是通过发展经济和增进认同,按李安宅的观点,就是要通过物质和精神的“区域分工”,也就是要实现边疆现代化及其与内地的一体化。

RCEP背景下广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务高质量发展路径研究

广西是对接中国和东盟的“桥头堡”,同时东盟国家也是广西开展跨境电子商务的最重要贸易对象,RCEP背景下,东盟的跨境电子商务市场潜力愈发巨大。基于此,广西的跨境电子商务在新的营商环境中需进一步优化和完善,以实现高质量发展。当前,广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务存在部分RCEP成员电商普及程度较低,区域内跨境电子商务平台交易规则参差不齐、物流体系不完善、交易支付体系未对接、复合型人才短缺等问题。因此,本文建议从加强区域内深度合作、整合成熟电商平台资源、优化物流网络体系、完善交易支付体系、培养新型跨境电子商务人才及政策保障支持等方面促进广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务的高质量发展。

中国纺织业跨境电商集聚及其对区域经济增长的影响分析

跨境电商已成为产业升级、地区发展的重要路径。采用空间基尼系数和区位熵指数,测度2012—2021年全国31省/市的纺织业跨境电商集聚水平,探索其对区域经济增长的影响效应。结果表明:在考察期内纺织业跨境电商产业集聚现象突出,但集聚程度呈现下降趋势;分地区看,江苏、浙江、河北、湖北4省的集聚度高且增速较快,产业竞争优势较大,山东省集聚度也较为明显但逐渐丧失产业竞争优势;从影响效应看,纺织业跨境电商集聚能够促进区域经济增长。作为新型贸易方式的跨境电商集聚发展对区域经济增长的促进作用已经较为明显,对区域产业发展政策的制定有借鉴意义。

冀鲁豫边区革命史研究述评

冀鲁豫边区革命史研究大致呈现为三个阶段:1981年至1996年,史料汇编大量出现,探索性研究形式表现为对基础文献资料的整理;1997年至2015年,史料进一步完善,学术研究开始起步;2016年至今,学术研究领域不断拓展深入,呈现加速发展态势。研究内容涉及冀鲁豫边区的党、政、军建设等各方面的历史,研究的广度、深度、高度不断增强,学界的关注度不断提升。展望未来,要深入挖掘冀鲁豫边区革命史史料,强化研究的系统性、理论性,深化研究的时代价值,推进多种研究方法与学科视角的综合研究。

泸州南部彝族地区三产跨界综合发展研究

调研分析发现,泸南彝族地区发展一产和三产(旅游)的条件较好,而发展二产的条件较差。因此,建议着力发展特色第一产业,配套、节制发展第二产业,大力发展特色旅游业。通过一产做特做好做强旅游潜力,三产做灵做活做厚乡土风味,精心设计“两产”跨界发展、协调发展,促进泸南彝族地区乡村振兴。

论香港地区与内地个人信息的协同保护

数字时代为香港地区与内地个人信息的协同保护提供了历史契机。相较于欧盟提倡的“统一标准规制模式”,新近区域贸易协定(RTAs)发展出的个人信息保护的“求同与存异并举规制模式”,更有利于在协调香港地区与内地个人信息保护制度差异的同时,保持香港地区的独特地位和优势。数字时代推动香港地区与内地个人信息协同保护,应统筹发展与安全,确立香港地区与内地间个人信息自由跨境原则的同时规定例外条款作为安全阀机制;坚持“求同与存异”并举,在尊重香港地区个人信息保护制度独特性的同时充分协调两地个人信息保护法律的基本原则框架;加强交流与合作,构建更加灵活多元的跨境个人信息协同保护制度机制。

区域国别学视域下中缅泰交界多民族乐种的分类与分层研究——以傣、掸、布朗诸民族声乐乐种群落为例

在云南与东南亚区域音乐文化研究领域,中缅泰交界地区的傣、泰、缅、佬及孟高棉语诸民族音乐及乐(歌)种的传播与分布是一个非常重要的组成部分。这类研究课题具有的特殊性文化意义和学术价值,一定程度体现在区域和国别文化因素交错并存、纵横叠立的语境下,作为研究对象的异源跨界族群音乐呈现出多样性的艺术风格特点和错综复杂、相互交织、区分不易的分布状况,由此成为该研究领域的一种难得的考察和分析样本,他们彼此之间存在着互相交融的关系,由此显露出一些明确的跨地域性(区域性)特征,同时又因为受具有现代性特征的国别文化因素的影响,而使这种“地域—跨地域(区域)”的分布格局愈加复杂化,使之成为可以在区域国别音乐研究论域进行研究和讨论的一个有意义的学术性话题。

湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及其影响因素

厘清红色村落保护水平的空间差异性及影响因素,对湘赣边区传承红色基因、赓续民族精神、推进乡村振兴至关重要。通过构建红色村落保护分析框架,依次运用Arc GIS空间分析方法、逐步回归、地理加权回归模型,探究湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及影响因素。研究表明:(1)红色村落保护研究模型包含评价模型与影响因素模型,评价模型涵盖宏观区域保护水平和微观社区保护水平,基于时空特征的区域保护水平是较为适配的模型;影响因素模型包括依据自然地理和社会经济划分的两类基本模型。(2)湘赣边区红色村落区域保护水平空间分异现象明显,空间分布上呈现“一带–三核心”连片分布结构形态;井冈山市保存率与保存密度均为最高,分别为4.72%、38.52个/万 km^(2)。(3)影响湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的自然地理因素为海拔、地貌、水系、中心市县和交通;社会经济类因素影响效应存在显著空间异质性,就影响程度而言,呈“文化基底>人口规模>经济发展>产业基础”的位序。

新发展格局下湘赣边区域合作示范区建设成效、现实困境与优化路径

近年来,湘赣边区域合作示范区不断深化拓展合作领域,在合作机制、产业协同、文化旅游、政务服务、生态环境等领域都有不同程度的合作,取得显著成效,但也存在着各县(市、区)经济发展非均衡性扩大、现代产业体系不健全、高科技产业布局偏少、优秀人才流失现象比较严重、跨区域合作机制有待完善等现实困境。未来,应抓住湘赣边区域合作上升为国家战略的契机,推动现代产业集群发展;建立多个区域性中心城市,缩小城市发展差距;持续强化人才引育和服务力度,为湘赣边区域合作提供坚强人才支撑;推进跨区域合作制度和标准对接,推动多领域、多层次的合作共建,最终实现从省际边界区合作共识到合作共建的“湘赣边模式”新跨越。

关于中国区域抗战史研究的几个问题--以晋察冀边区与河北省域抗战史研究为例

构建中国区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系及其立论视角与研究方法,是中国区域抗战史研究亟待解决的共性问题。中国抗日战争所具有的“两重性质”即抗日与民主(反帝,并伴随着反封建)和“双重目的”即民族独立与建立新中国(争取民族独立,并伴随着开创新中国),决定了区域抗战的本质及其战略总目标(在抗战中改造旧社会,创造新社会),这是构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系的关键所在。唯有站在中华民族抗战与中国未来前途的新视角、新高度,聚焦中华民族抗战与国内民主改革之关系,才能科学地构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系,并在坚持唯物史观和正确抗战史观的同时,真正克服历史虚无主义与碎片化。

唐代中国西南边疆拓南、开南二城的建置考论

经过了天宝战争及随后的军事扩张,位于唐代中国西南边疆的南诏国在较短的时期先后建置了拓东、开南、镇西、宁北四个王国边境的重要治所城镇,其中开南城与拓南城的考释自元末以后已多现舛误,造成了史实混淆。事实上,唐代中国西南边疆的拓南城与开南城确为南诏国开拓建置的两座新城,而非“开南亦称拓南”,元末以后,“拓南”名号逐渐隐没于原地,同时被移置于“开南”地望,开始混用一起。厘清二城地望考释,不难发现拓南城的建置开拓了南诏国的西南辖境,开南城的建置开拓了南诏国的南境,从而把中原的“郡县制”文化辐射到了西南边境区域,客观上促进了区域内各民族的交往交流交融,奠定了唐代及后世中国西南边境、边界形成和发展的历史基础,为唐代中国西南边境区域各民族铸牢中华民族共同体意识做出了贡献。