On the Combination of “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” —— and a Discussion on “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese Language Studies

In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and further developed. It will certainly do harm to the development of academic research if any of the two methods is given unreasonable priority. The author claims that the best or one of the best methodologies of the historical study of Chinese language is the combination of the two, hence a new interpretation of “The Double-proof Method”. Meanwhile, this essay is also an attempt to put forward “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese language studies, in which the author believes that it is not advisable to either treat Gui-mei as Quan-ma or vice versa in linguistic research. It is crucial for us to respect always the language facts first, which is considered the very soul of linguistics.

Sociological Thoughts on Ming Bai Documents：A Case Study of Grass-roots Management＇s Creativity in Miao Nationality Areas,Leishan and Danzhai County,Guizhou Province

Valid as folk law,Ming Bai document is the code of conduct for the villagers,which is applied in Danjiang T own,Langde T own and Wangfeng T ownship in Leishan county,Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture in Guizhou province.It refers to comprehensive administration,safety construction,safety production,fire fighting,traffic safety,prohibition of opium,fire protection of forest,family plan,and traditional festival etc. Mostly they are posted on the conspicuous wooden buildings and bricks wall of villages,Ming Bai document plays an irreplaceable role in adjusting local social relations. Moreover,its legal culture and the value of legal sociology are worthy of having a discussion and research.

LOCALIZATION PATH OF THE RESEARCH PARADIGMS OF LEGAL COMMENTARY IN CHINA—FOCUSING ON THE PUBLIC LEGAL SERVICE FUNCTION OF THE CASE-COMMENTARY RESEARCH ON THE STYLE OF CIVIL LITIGATION DOCUMENTS

Conducting case-commentary research on the style of civil litigation documents is a key method for judges to produce legal documents,develop professional writing and creative skills,and enhance legal thinking.Such a study is an important way to deepen the reform of the judicial power operation mechanism and to improve the trial management mode.Considering the background of the judicial responsibility system reform,the localization of the research paradigms and case-commentary methods of the style of litigation documents can help reach the consensus of the legal professional community.It also helps promote judgment rules and the spirit of the law.Legal commentaries convey the important functions of public legal services to the public.It is necessary to integrate the Style of Civil Litigation Documents,the"one-stop"litigation service with the reform practice of judicial committees in China,and conduct detailed research on the procedural ruling function and guiding function of the style of civil litigation documents.By studying the guiding function of civil litigation document style for judicial behavior,litigation procedure,and entity processing,it is good for judges to broaden their ideas and methods to write civil litigation documents,enabling an examination of the localization path and method of the legal commentary research paradigm and demonstrating how to continue using the paradigm within the context of the comprehensive reform of the judicial system.Moreover,the study emphasizes how to exert the function of public legal services integrated with the style of civil litigation documents.

Exploring Mechanisms for Putting Agriculture Value Chain Oriented Research into Use： Empirical Cases from the Research into Use （RlU） Program

Innovation systems principles are increasingly applied for putting agricultural research into use. This paper presents and analyses three such initiatives located in South Asia, with an aim to generate empirical evidence about practical aspects of the innovation process. These cases seem to suggest that the initial stages of innovation trajectory comprise of social engineering and creation of appropriate architecture of actors, after which need for new knowledge arises and favourable conditions develop for putting such knowledge into use. The cases also present how different types of agencies assume lead roles during different stages of innovation trajectory. The paper urges authorities from policy and practice to consider status of social architecture and the fact that different types of agencies play lead role in the innovation process before planning agricultural innovation initiatives.

Research Review of the Identification of Socialist Core Values

In the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, China first proposed the strategic policy of building a socialist core value system. After the policy was put forward, many theorists and politicians discussed and studied the identification of socialist core values in many aspects. Specific aspects include the specific role of socialist core values, basic concepts, implementation effects, and future development. The complexity and embarrassment of its theory will bring inconvenience to the indepth understanding of the masses, therefore, this paper has sorted and analyzed the issue of the identification of socialist core values, and made a better narrative of the research and discussion published by talents in various fields, which made people have a better understanding of the socialist core values.

Values in Early Childhood Education(ECE):A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Values for ECE Expressed in Policy Documents

Purpose:This comparative study identifies core values expressed in Early Childhood Education(ECE)official policy documents from a sample of thirteen countries.Design/Approach/Methods:This study employs document analysis as well as content and thematic analysis.ECE values identified in the policy documents are categorized into three groups:political and society-related values,educational values,and individual and relational values.Findings:Document analysis reveals the values that are common across countries and those that are more specific to just one or a few countries at most.This study discusses the characteristics of these values from the perspective of globalization.In doing so,this comparative study llustrates and discusses the tendencies for both convergence and divergence in ECE values in policymaking worldwide.

From Diaries to Digital:The Role of AI in Web-Mediated Documentary Analysis

This paper explores how artificial intelligence(AI)can support social researchers in utilizing web-mediated documents for research purposes.It extends traditional documentary analysis to include digital artifacts such as blogs,forums,emails and online archives.The discussion highlights the role of AI in different stages of the research process,including question generation,sample and design definition,ethical considerations,data analysis,and results dissemination,emphasizing how AI can automate complex tasks and enhance research design.The paper also reports on practical experiences using AI tools,specifically ChatGPT-4,in conducting web-mediated documentary analysis and shares some ideas for the integration of AI in social research.

Values Research and Education by Yi-ological-Systemic-Typological Method in Integration Context

The study of values in the world at present almost follows Western theories and techniques. This is a matter of course in the field of science--technology, but it turns to be much more complicated in the field of social sciences and humanities, because this area is heavily dependent on particular nationalities. Furthermore, the most commonly used in the value research methodology is questionnaire, and using a questionnaire to study values is still restrictive. To overcome this disadvantage, we have developed a Yi-ologieal-Systemic-Typological method to use mostly in studying values. According to Yi-ological method, value education helps learners to recognize values among non-values, non-values among values. According to Systemic method, it helps learners see the changing of values over the time, the close relationship and interaction between values with non-values. Value education according to Typological method helps learners recognize the similarities and differences between cultures, both apart and close ones.

Advances and Prospects in Research of Land Ecosystem Service Value

Ecosystem provides supply,regulation,support and cultural services.The value assessment of ecosystem service functions is helpful for people to understand the importance of natural ecosystems to production and life.Through analyzing domestic and foreign research on ecosystem service value,this paper sorted out the research process of value assessment.Based on the assessment process,the existing assessment methods and the introduced model methods were summarized,and the methods and models used by the latest research were classified.According to the weakness of the existing studies,it discussed prospects of future research.It is expected to promote multi-scale and multi-directional research exploration and enrich the theory and method of value assessment.

Studies on the Evolution and Value of the Item Setting of the Summer Olympic Games

The Olympic Games, as the global sports event, attract many countries in the world to participate in and they always take obtaining the right of holding it as the pride of the country. With the constant development of the Olympic Games, people have proposed higher requirements for it and the reformation is eagerly needed and the reformation is mainly concentrated on the item setting. According to a large amount of theoretical research to the item setting of Olympic Games in academia, there is big issue about the item setting for the current Summer Olympic Games which has sustained for a long time. Its practical representations are the contradiction between narrowing the scope of the Olympic Games and borrowing in the new items and the contradiction of gender equality in item setting and also the contradiction of balancing the business value and social value. Therefore, this thesis will mainly study on the evolution and value of the item setting of the Summer Olympic Games and propose reasonable improvement measures for the issue of the item setting, combining with the practical conditions, and thus to better promote the sustain development of the Summer Olympic Games.

Overview of the Consumer Behavior Study in the Markets of Food Products(1998-2018),Based on the Author’s Interpretation of the Consumer's Requirements in the System of Values that Influence on the Consumer Market Behavior

The purpose of this study was to review the results of a 20-year study in the author’s interpretation of the needs for food products and the value system that determines the market behavior of consumers in the food markets.The scientific novelty of the research is the following results:a)The author’s interpretation of the needs for food products,as consisting of three components:(1)The actual need for food(physiological need);(2)the need for emotions obtained from eating(psychological need);and(3)the need for market products that can meet the physiological needs of emotional expectations and social needs(socio-psychological and economic need);b)Interdisciplinary approach to the study of consumer behavior that led to the author’s interpretation of the value of the research methods outlined in the works of J.N.Sheth et al.,extended and supplemented in the study of Galina V.Astratova(1998);c)Identification of the fact that the importance of components in the system of values,according to the results of research,is different for different food products.This allows simulating more clearly the behavior of the consumer in the development of a marketing-mix and developing a marketing strategy based on targeting.

Research on Brand Perceived Value of Cruise Company Based on Online Comment

With the rapid development of Intemet technology, the traditional way of information transmission has undergone tremendous changes, especially in the lntemet environment. The spread of the online word of mouth as a platform for the Interact highlights its great influence and importance. Especially in the online shopping, these reflect the user＇s point of view and attitude of the online comment has been an unprecedented attention. Online reviews have become an important medium for consumers to understand their products before they buy goods, making them an important channel for potential consumers to understand the quality of goods and services. There are many studies on online reviews, but the research on the brand awareness of cruise ship companies is almost negligible. This paper provides a reference for the construction of cruise ship brand awareness system, and combines Nvivo software to analyze the online commentary system, and provides a reference for further research on cruise brand, and prospects for future research.

Pearl S. Buck’s Values of “Cultural Convergence” and Their Application

The typical features of internal and external integration of cultures as revealed by the conception of“cultural convergence”provide a new perspective on the study of cultural exchanges and mutual learning.In the context of“a global community of shared future for humankind”,this paper adopts the novel idea of“cultural convergence”to probe the growth of Pearl S.Buck’s cultural values and the specific contents and representation of Pearl S.Buck’s conception of“cultural convergence”,highlighting the application of Pearl S.Buck’s values to cultural education,growth and success,family education,cultural exchanges,humanistic practices,etc.Feasible suggestions and countermeasures are put forward to better promote the cultural exchanges and mutual learning as well as the convergence of different cultures.

Research Progress on the Effects of Soil Acidity and Alkalinity on Plant Growth

Soil acidity and alkalinity (pH) has a significant impact on plant growth and development. From the process, it is mainly reflected in the impact of climate and elements in soil on plant growth, while climate mainly affects carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which account for 96% in the atmosphere. The more important elements in the soil are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the secondary elements are calcium, magnesium, sulfur and so on. This paper selects the conventional economic plant planting land as the development of the experiment, obtains the main components in the soil, and carries out the intervention experiment of different concentrations of soil pH value. The pH value in the soil is divided into four levels: pH 1 (<5.5), pH 2 (5.5 - 6.5), pH 3 (6.5 - 7.5), pH 4 (7.5 - 8.4) as the independent variable, and takes the elements in the soil as the dependent variable for linear regression analysis. The results show that pH 1 (<5.5), pH 2 (5.5 - 6.5), pH 3 (6.5 - 7.5), pH 4 (7.5 - 8.4) can explain the change of elements in soil. The results show that pH 1 (<5.5), pH 2 (5.5 - 6.5), pH 3 (6.5 - 7.5), pH 4 (7.5 - 8.4) can explain the change of elements in soil. Among them, pH 1 (<5.5) and pH 4 (7.5 - 8.4) are the most unstable, while pH 2 (5.5 - 6.5) and pH 3 (6.5 - 7.5) have little impact on plant growth and are relatively stable. Therefore, the acidity and alkalinity of soil has a certain impact on the elements in soil, but it is not a decisive impact. It can be proved that the influence relationship between independent variables and dependent variables.

Valuing Potential Benefits of Research into the Biological Control of Californian Thistle （Cirsium arvense）： A Bioeconomic Model

The present research developed a bioeconomic model for control of Californian thistle （Cirsium arvense L. Scop.） in intensive, lowland sheep pastures in New Zealand. Production costs included two control methods： herbicides and defoliation, with defoliation encompassing both physical means and biocontrol measures. The model was used to examine the economic value of a research programme into biological control of the weed, given several different future scenarios. These scenarios were high herbicide prices, a price premium for lamb raised without chemical herbicides, and development of herbicide resistance. The model results were used to estimate national impacts. If the only change in the agricultural sector was the cost of the biocontrol to the nation＇s farmers, the research programme to find an effective biocontrol agent had little economic impact. If other factors changed, such as the price of petroleum or levels of herbicide resistance in the weed. the model＇s results suggested that intensive sheep farming could grow or shrink by as much as NZ$219 million dollars over five years. In the latter case, having an alternative control method reduced potential losses and increased potential gains, resulting in a net benefit of between NZ$81 million and NZ$153 million. This work extended prior research in several ways. First. Californian thistle reproduces via root buds, which affected the modelling of weed behaviour. Secondly, the model allowed optimistation over continuous levels of weed control for two different methods. Thirdly, the model accounted for both weed control and damage to nitrogen-fixing clover from herbicide use. Finally, the research investigated optimal weed control in several different alternative future states.

Application Research of Earned Value Management in New Drug Research and Development Projects

Objective To help investors assess and control the costs of new drug development and reduce the risks of new drug development projects.Methods Cost analysis and financial forecasting were carried out with the integrated approach of earned value management.According to the principle of earned value management deviation analysis,the basic process of the new drug research and development project was combined with the hypothesis method from the research of Tufts Drug Development Research Center.Results and Conclusion If the project progress check was carried out in the clinical trial,the project costs were found overspent,the efficiency was low,the project progress was faster,and the resource investment was ahead.It is recommended that the adjustment should be made to reduce the input of resources,and increase the efficient key personnel to take the place of some less efficient staff.

Value of negative pressure sealing drainage on wound healing of Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures

BACKGROUND Gustilo III fractures have a high incidence and are difficult to treat.Patients often experience difficulty in wound healing.Negative pressure drainage technology can help shorten wound healing time and has positive value in improving patient prognosis.AIM To explore the clinical value of the negative pressure sealing drainage technique in wound healing of Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures.METHODS Eighty patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures with skin and soft tissue injuries who were treated in the Second People’s Hospital of Dalian from March 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into a study group(n=40,healed with negative pressure closed drainage)and a control group(n=40,healed with conventional dressing changes)according to the variation in the healing they received.The efficacy of the clinical interventions,the variations in the regression indicators(time to wound healing,time to fracture healing,time to hospitalization),and the conversion and healing of bacterial wounds were compared 1-3 mo after the intervention.RESULTS The total effective rate of patients among the study group was 95.00%(38/40),which was notably higher than 75.00%(30/40)among the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing time,fracture healing time,and hospital stay of the patients in the study group was shorter than the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the negative bacterial culture at the wound site rate and wound healing rate of the patients among the study group increased compared to the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Negative pressure sealing and drainage technology has a good therapeutic effect on patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fracture wounds with skin and soft tissue injury.It can notably enhance the wound healing rate and the negative rate of bacteria on the wound surface and help to speed up the recovery process of patients.

国外“游憩”研究进展——ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH反映的学术态势

该文对国际旅游学术界最具影响力的英文期刊ANNALSOFTOURISMRESEARCH(旅游研究纪事),自1974年创刊至2001年发表的有关游憩研究的96篇文献进行分类分析和讨论,总结相关文献的内容类属及专业和地域背景,试图了解20世纪80年代以来国外关于游憩研究的特点和趋势,以期对国内的相关研究有所启示。

国外城市旅游研究进展—ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH所反映的学术态势

对国际旅游学术界中最具有影响力的英文刊物AN NALSOFTOURISMRE SEARCH (《旅游研究纪事》)自1974年至 2 0 0 1年发表的有关城市旅游研究的 37篇文献进行分类和辨析 ,认为 :总体上分析 ,城市旅游的研究仍处在一个相对滞后的状态 ,并不能适应城市旅游在国际范围内的快速增长 ,研究领域仍需不断细化、研究方法仍需不断创新 ;未来的工作尤其需要加强城市旅游理论体系的研究 ,同时城市旅游的复杂性使多学科之间的交流亦应成为必然。