The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration (Ⅶ)──The Non-Euclid Macro-Micro Transform Law

This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept “shaped-number”, being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.

The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration(Ⅳ)

This paper presented some philosophic viewpoints of the Theory of BMKI (The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration), a new exploration in BioMedica l Informatics. It discussed an evolutional relation from propositional calculus, predicate calculus, through framework, to neural network.. The differences in e xclusivity and other natures were explored for physical systems(the real world), quasi-physical systems(the copies of the real world) and mental systems(the abs tracts of the real world). Based on their behaviours in cognitive sciences and k nowledge engineering, the new concepts quasi-infinity or -infinitesimal,potentia l knowledge,dynamic knowledge were introduced. This paper has also described so called "big-or" space which is the base of scientific understanding or associati on. Furthermore the paper put forward the viewpoint that "reasoning only can imp lement in an axiomatic space" and then outlined the building processes of such k ind of space. At last so called "beacon-and-compass strategy" in BMKI was introd uced.

The Theory of Biomedical Knowledge Integration (Ⅶ)──The Non-Euclid Macro-Micro Transform Law

This article continued to do the scholastic pursuits on some profound mechanisms in the life systems, which are believed to be related to the further development of Medical Informatics. It discussed at first the structural nature of things, then probed a principle which is a basis for both of the fractal theory and the wavelet analysis, being called the shape-constancy law of the basic constructors at the different scale levels. And the paper also ventured the equivalency between the shape of wave and matrix, thus presented a new concept "shaped-number", being expected to work in the operations of some bio-medical functions or shapes.

The Theory of Bio-Medical Knowledge Integration(Ⅵ)

This paper introduced the following new concepts:the cognitive goal, the cognitive goal for the declarative data of the patient records (PRs), The basic attributes of PR’s data at the sides of generation, construction and cognition, the generalized data creator (GDC), type Ⅰ to Ⅵ+ of GDC, the cognitive directions of data: forward direction and backward direction, the apparent cognitive orientation and inapparent cognitive orientation, the cognitive granularity difference principle between the natural intelligence and the artificial intelligence, the generalized variable(GVAR) and the generalized value(GVAL), the variable and value transitivity law(V-V transitivity law), the attribute-combination irreversibility between the concept abstracting and embodying, an open model of the launching engine of bio-medical cognition,

The Theory of Bio-Medical Knowledge Integration(Ⅸ)──A venture in methodology for operations on the cognitive segment in HER

This paper pointed out, in the cognitive or semantic processes, the data of EHR reflect their physical nature, which makes mathematics and informatics of less computing capability. Based on this argument a new concept cognitive segment (CS), which is considered with having both physical and formalized quality, was introduced. Centered on CS, the paper presented a series of new basic concepts and their definitions, a set of symbols and expressions, and afterwards explored the types, quasi-formalized expressions, mapping nature, methodology for operations, two distinguished differences, commonsensible background analyses, cognitive dimension regression, supervising function of CSs.

Knowledge acquisition, semantic text mining, and security risks in health and biomedical informatics

Computational techniques have been adopted in medi-cal and biological systems for a long time. There is no doubt that the development and application of computational methods will render great help in better understanding biomedical and biological functions. Large amounts of datasets have been produced by biomedical and biological experiments and simulations. In order for researchers to gain knowledge from origi- nal data, nontrivial transformation is necessary, which is regarded as a critical link in the chain of knowledge acquisition, sharing, and reuse. Challenges that have been encountered include: how to efficiently and effectively represent human knowledge in formal computing models, how to take advantage of semantic text mining techniques rather than traditional syntactic text mining, and how to handle security issues during the knowledge sharing and reuse. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art in these research directions. We aim to provide readers with an introduction of major computing themes to be applied to the medical and biological research.

Conceptual, Experimental and Compass-beacon Ontologies——The Principles, concepts and methodology of BMKI(Ⅰ)

This article discussed the basic three components of an information unit(IU), ie the Carrier(C), Feature(F) and Value(V), and presented and several different types of feature, including the static, relation and process features(SF ,RF and PF respectively). It also discussed about the knowledge for statistical group(KP) and for individual(KI) and the transformation mechanisms between them. Then both the philosophy and application attributes of ontology have been explored and two new concepts, ie ontology of existence(EO) and ontology of application(OA) were created. The paper gave an integrated sketch of the whole medical knowledge engineering cause, which is thought to be composed of three areas: conceptual, experimental and compass-beakon ontoloies (CO, EO, CBO, respectively). And based on those considerations BMKI achieved its fundamental formula.

Experienced College Instructors＇ Personal Epistemology in Teaching Social Studies and Their Perception of Using Technology

Experience includes explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂espoused theory＂ which is what a person believes and claims to follow. Tacit knowledge is from a person＇s ＂theory-in-use＂ which lies behind a person＇s action or behavior. The knowledge of teaching demonstrated in the classroom can be referred to as tacit knowledge or theory-in-use which is often the theory behind the practice of experienced teachers. Freema Elbaz （1983） points out that the ＂experience＂ is referred to as ＂practical knowledge＂, which ＂provides the basis for a conceptualization which sees the teacher as possessing valuable resources＂ （6） and allows teachers to explicitly indicate and tacitly demonstrate their experience in teaching. The purpose of the study is to investigate how experienced college instructors apply their good teaching qualities to teaching social studies. The participants are three experienced college instructors teaching social studies. A concept map and a final reflection are used to elicit experienced instructors＇ personal epistemology in teaching social studies and their perception of technology use in the classroom. Each participant was asked to generate nine good teaching qualities and draw their concept map based on the nine qualities. Their concept maps reflected their theory-in-use and showed the relationship among their teaching qualities by displaying them together in a graphic form and how each teaching quality is connected to another. Participants＇ technology use was also explored to get their perception of the role of technology and their actual use of it in teaching. Then they were asked to validate their concept map data and reflect on their classroom teaching and use of technology. The findings show the three instructors taught under different schema and decided what their means and ends should be and how technology can help facilitate teaching and learning. However, most of them seemed to treat the content （e.g., democracy education） as their ends and thus used pedagogy （e.g., technology） as the means to reach the ends. Their technology use also reflected their perception of technology in teaching and revealed their limited understanding of technology integration, which leads to potential problems.

知行合一理念下的多模融合教学在中医耳鼻喉课程中的应用与探讨

目的基于“知行合一”的教育理念,构建多模融合教学体系,并探究它在中医耳鼻喉科课程中的应用效果。方法课前开展线上视频预习,建立不同学习小组并总结疑难点;课堂互助答疑,发布病例讨论,分配学习小组,并由代表总结汇报;课后布置学习任务并进行线上解疑,安排临床见习与实践;思政教育贯穿始终。结果多模融合教学组在平时成绩、期中成绩、期末成绩以及总评成绩方面均优于传统教学组,且具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于“知行合一”理念下的多模融合教学符合当下医学教育的新要求,强调立德育人的同时,注重临床实践教学,鼓励学生积极学习思考,并逐步形成临床思维,提高实践操作能力。该体系强调知行并进,直面教学不足,有效提高了耳鼻喉科学的课堂教学质量。

组织、转化与合作视角下的多主体产教融合研究

产教融合作为一种推动教育与产业之间紧密互动的模式,是教育系统和产业系统之间的一种开放性互动,是促使高等教育机构与产业界实现深度合作的战略性举措,旨在更好地满足劳动力市场需求及促进经济发展。在高质量发展推进“双一流”建设的背景下,高等教育以知识共享、社会参与及创新发展为指征的开放性特质逐渐凸显,高校与社会发展的融合性、协同性进一步增强。探讨产教融合在高等教育开放性增强背景下的角色,并将其置于耗散理论的框架下进行分析,既有助于探究高校在开放系统中的自组织、资源流动,以及其与外部环境互动方面的表现,也可为研究高等教育与社会、产业界、政府之间的互动提供新视角。

实验规程数据化研究与建设趋势分析

围绕实验规程数据化研究与建设趋势,充分结合当前科研活动对实验规程的需求特征,重新定义实验规程并明确界定试验规程数据化。在此基础上,综合分析当前103篇实验规程数据化研究文献的国家分布、关键研究问题及对应核心机构人员,总结实验规程数据化研究趋势。选取具有综合集成且承上启下特征的数据库(包含语料库)建设这一关键研究问题做详细归纳分析,按照科技文献库、可计算数据库、文本标注语料库三种形式分类梳理,总结建设趋势。在趋势分析基础上,进一步聚焦信息资源专业和知识服务机构在实验规程数据化研究四个关键问题上可发挥的理论和方法优势,共同推动理实交融、数据驱动知识发现的发展。

基于城市建成环境再生的风景园林知识体系拓展

【目的】基于新时期中国城市发展阶段的模式转型,以及风景园林学科的学科定位调整,拓展面向建成环境再生的风景园林知识体系,有助于进一步发挥风景园林规划设计实践在建成环境再生中的引领作用。【方法】在理论上,结合场域理论(field theory)和景观都市主义(landscape urbanism),指出城市建成环境再生范式的三大转变,即“场域”关系的视角转变、城市更新的路径转变、设计主体的身份转变。在实践上,依托从上海“一江一河”到全国“大江大河”的滨水空间营造、街区综合环境提升,以及城市基础设施复合化与景观化的大量实践,深化建成环境再生的“六维空间再生体系”。【结果】强化理论与实践层面对风景园林知识体系拓展的影响,包括空间营造的系统性知识、历史文脉的文化性知识、基础设施的复合性知识、场景节点的建构性知识、环境修复的生态性知识和公共空间的艺术性知识。【结论】倡导“大设计观”下多学科、多领域、多工种的设计跨界与融合,优化范式转变下的风景园林知识体系的拓展路径,推动风景园林共同体为建成环境再生创造新价值、新范式。

医工融合背景下《生物医用材料》课程教学改革

医工融合是高素质复合型新医科和新工科人才培养的重要内涵之一。以上海健康医学院为例,《生物医用材料》是生物医学工程、临床工程技术等医工类专业,甚至是口腔医学技术和药学类专业的核心课程。文章聚焦课程教学中普遍存在的学生参与度低、课程内容老化、课程思政教学不足、医工融合衔接不佳、理论实践融合性差等关键问题,相应地提出了“思政引领一心四翼”课程教学创新理念,将授课内容及体系进行重构优化,匹配以“混合式课堂三部曲”教学方法,并对课程思政体系进行元素案例融入建设,同时借助信息化教学手段加强教学应用,最终取得了一定的教学改革成果和教书育人成效,并形成了示范效应。课程改革经验可为医工类院校专业建设提供一定的借鉴指导。

基础教育期刊深度融合发展:内涵要义、现实困境与路径选择

“期刊媒体融合”的相关研究显示,期刊融合发展走向以知识服务形式与功能的转型为目标重点、“内容为王”的平台价值重塑的深度融合阶段.这启示新时代基础教育期刊融合发展须把握这一本质内涵要求,审视自身作为联通教育理论与教育实践的平台功能受限的困境,以高质量“双向”知识服务的功能转型促进其互动生成,重塑自身的平台价值.辨识与引领“互动生成”的新需求,以“场景”建构供给引领性知识服务,以大数据应用探索知识服务的共建共享,建构机构、业务、资源要素整合协同发展平台,是推动基础教育期刊深度融合发展的可能路径.

基于知识整合教学理论的科学学习及实践探索

作为学校科学教育的重要补充,科技类博物馆的一些教育活动只有碎片化的知识点,而缺少居于核心的“科学概念”,不利于帮助学生构建知识体系。科学教育领域著名学者马西娅·C·林教授提出的“知识整合教学理论”也许能促进该问题的解决。本文在知识整合教学理论的指导下,以“永无止‘镜’”活动为案例,分析学习者如何在场馆进行科学概念学习,并探讨教育活动设计的策略与方法。

面向教学科研支持的高校图书馆知识类短视频推广策略研究——以整合营销理论为视域

本文遵循整合营销理论的内容型营销、全渠道营销、参与式营销思路,在分析教学科研支持视角下我国高校图书馆知识类短视频推广的现状与问题基础上,构建了以内容推广、渠道推广、全员推广为核心的高校图书馆知识类短视频推广策略:创新知识类短视频内容生产模式与叙事方法,增加知识类短视频关注度;构建动态匹配师生教学科研情境的知识类短视频推广矩阵,强化知识类短视频传播力;打造线上线下用户互动式参与知识类短视频推广的场景生态,提高知识类短视频渗透率。

王阳明“知行合一”思想探究及其现实意义

知行关系的哲学范畴从先秦时期就已经产生。不同历史时期,知行观的内涵也不尽相同。先秦时期孔孟二人对于知行观的独到见解以及宋明理学时期二程和朱熹分别提出的“知先行后”说和“知在行先、行比知重”的观点,对于王阳明提出“知行合一”思想有很大影响。当今社会,“知行合一”思想仍具有重要现实意义。

内容语言融合课程教师实践性知识与自我效能感发展个案研究——生态系统理论视角

本研究采用个案研究方法,探究了英语专业内容语言融合课程改革和教学实践过程中教师实践性知识与自我效能感的发展状况,并构建了促成两者发展的生态系统模型。研究发现,教师在CLI课程改革过程中实践性知识与自我效能感总体呈上升趋势,两者发展呈现同步性和情境性特点。在本研究构建的生态系统模型中,微观系统中教师文献阅读和教材编写经历、课堂教学反思,中观系统中博士同侪研讨和导师指导、国内外访学的课程学习和资源获取,以及外层系统中学院课程改革政策、学校教学评价和教材国内使用反馈等因素交互对教师的实践性知识与自我效能感的发展产生影响。本研究的结果有助于厘清CLI课程教师实践性知识与自我效能感的发展规律和生态系统影响因素,对未来内容语言融合课程教师的师资培养及教师发展具有一定的借鉴意义。

高等教育学“理实融通”的源流与进路:以潘懋元与朱九思为考察中心

我国“土生土长”的高等教育学科,40年来始终面临“发展性危机”与“建制性危机”的拷问。在建构哲学社会科学自主知识体系的时代背景下,回溯与重温第一代学科创始人的思想与事迹,可昭示处于“不惑之年”的高等教育学发展进路的可能性与可为性。潘懋元先生与朱九思先生分别代表了高等教育学诞生之初的“理论源流”与“实践源流”:前者积极推动高等教育学科的专业建制设立、学科人才规训与理论建构发展,后者致力于提倡院校研究落地、创设理论指导实践的试验田、以实践成效确证学科合法性;而两位先生围绕“理”与“实”的交融与互动,更是从源头上奠定了高等教育学“理实融通”的学科气质。其启示意义在于:高等教育学者既要夯实学科专业基础,也要提升服务意识与能力,尤其更注重以院校为基础的案例研究与理论建构的价值。这一目标的实现,要求政府与高校更加注重高等教育研究的功用与价值,为学科“理实融通”提供良好的环境氛围与制度保障。

组织理论视角的知识共享影响因素整合模型研究——基于湖南省IT企业的实证分析

以湖南省内21家IT企业知识管理实践活动为研究对象,基于组织理论分析框架,从组织结构特征、组织文化和组织互动关系构建并检验了知识共享影响因素模型。研究发现,组织正式化程度、复杂化程度和集权化程度对企业知识共享行为都有负向影响;官僚型文化不利于知识共享行为的产生,虽然支持型文化和创新型文化都有利于知识共享,但创新型文化的影响更大;跨部门或个体之间的信任和组织承诺对知识共享行为有积极影响作用。