Characteristics and distribution of microstructures in high pressure die cast alloys with X-ray microtomography:A review

Al and Mg alloy high pressure die castings(HPDC)are increasingly used in automotive industries.The microstructures in the castings have decisive effect on the casting mechanical properties,in which the microstructure characteristics are fundamental for the investigation of the microstructure-property relation.During the past decade,the microstructure characteristics of HPDC Al and Mg alloys,especially micro-pores andα-Fe,have been investigated from two-dimensional(2D)to threedimensional with X-ray micro-computed tomography(μ-CT).This paper provides an overview of the current understanding regarding the 3D characteristics and formation mechanisms of microstructures in HPDC alloys,their spatial distributions,and the impact on mechanical properties.Additionally,it outlines future research directions for the formation and control of heterogeneous microstructures in HPDC alloys.

Mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of psoriasis with depression:A review

Psoriasis is a kind of immune-mediated, chronic, inflammatory skin disease, which is often associated with different degrees of psychological disorders. Specifically, there is a significant correlation between psoriasis and depression, and they show the relationships of reciprocal causation and mutual promotion. Psoriasis with depression is more harmful than simple psoriasis, and its prognosis is worse, which brings a huge burden to the family and society and is worthy of clinical attention. Based on the pathogenic factors of western medicine and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine in psoriasis with depression, the paper summarized and elaborated the research progress on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of psoriasis with depression, in order to provide new ideas for clinical treatment.

Other Cities’Distribution Institutions for Publishing Books in Modern Chinese Libraries:Taking Huating Bookstore,the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Modern Zhejiang Library,as an Example

Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.

STUDY ON THE GENESIS OF ASYMMETRICAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE TYPHOON HAITANG (2005) FROM THE VIEW OF ATMOSPHERIC FACTOR

The distribution of precipitation field from the typhoon Haitang(2005) during its landing on Fujian province shows obvious asymmetric feature.Based on the NCEP/NCAR FNL(Final Analysis) data,this study reveals the contributions of atmospheric factor to the asymmetrical distribution characteristics of precipitation associated with the typhoon,through the analysis of water vapor condition,vertical ascending motion condition,the calculation of the dry Q vector and its decomposition,and adiabatic heating in the air column of 1000hPa-600hPa(lower atmosphere) and500hPa-100hPa(upper atmosphere).The results are as follows:(1) In the lower atmosphere,the humidity on both sides of typhoon path can be equivalent,while it is more wet on the right side than left in the upper atmosphere,which obviously presents asymmetric distribution characteristics.(2) Both range and intensity of the vertical motion on the right side are wider and stronger than counterparts on the left side no matter in the lower or upper atmosphere.(3) In the upper atmosphere,forcing role of atmosphere in vertical upward motion on the right side of typhoon path is the same as that on the left,while it is significantly different in the lower atmosphere,which is significantly broader in scope and stronger in the intensity,along with obvious asymmetric distribution characteristics.In addition,the further analysis of the Q vector decomposition indicates that the forcing effect of mesoscale weather systems on vertical upward motion is stronger than that of large scale weather systems in the lower atmosphere.(4) The adiabatic heating always exists on both lower and upper atmosphere,and the range and intensity of the adiabatic heating forcing showed asymmetric distribution on both lower and upper atmosphere.(5) In a summary,the upper atmosphere humidity conditions,the forcing role of lower atmosphere in vertical upward motion,especially,to mesoscale weather system,and adiabatic heating in the lower atmosphere,all show similar asymmetric distribution characteristics to that of precipitation field from the typhoon Haitang(2005),that is to say,the atmospheric factors as mentioned above are all contributed to genesis of the asymmetric distribution characteristics of precipitation.

Hospital-Based Phenotypic Features and Treatment Outcomes of Chinese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Effect of Body Mass Index and Geographic Distribution

Genetic,lifestyle,and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Increased body mass index(BMI)exacerbates the reproductive and metabolic parameters and reduces the fecundity of women with PCOS.This is a secondary analysis of a large-sample,multicenter,randomized controlled trial conducted at 21 sites in Chinese mainland.A total of 1000 women diagnosed with PCOS were enrolled in this trial.Of these,998 women with PCOS were included in the analysis.Increased BMI was associated with more severe menstrual irregularities,elevated testosterone level,higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome,and poorer quality of life.The rates of ovulation per woman for the normal,overweight,and obese BMI groups were 83.0%,78.2%,and 63.6%,respectively(P<0.001),and the rates of live birth were 23.6%,18.1%,and 15.3%(P=0.030).Northern PCOS patients showed more severe reproductive,glucose,and lipid profiles;less exercise;and lower total ovulation rates compared with PCOS patients from Southern China(74.8%vs 81.2%,absolute difference 6.4%,95%confidence interval 1.2%–11.5%).The results show the typical phenotypic features of Han women with PCOS in Northern and Southern China.The women living in Northern China showed a higher BMI,more severe glycolipid metabolism profiles,and subsequently worse clinical outcomes by the same interventions than those living in Southern China.The difference in phenotypic features can be explained mostly by differences in BMI and the resulting difference in ovulation.

Effect of thermal processing and fermentation with Chinese traditional starters on characteristics and allergenicity of wheat matrix

Wheat allergy has become a serious health threat worldwide and its prevalence has increased alarmingly in the past few years.Factors such as food matrix and food processing may alter the structure of wheat proteins,and hence affect its allergenic properties.However,few reports have focused on the influence of Chinese traditional starter fermentation on wheat allergy.In this study,5 starters from different regions of China were used for fermentation,and protein characteristics were monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis,and immunoreactivity analyzed by immunoassay with allergenic serum was obtained from New Zealand white rabbits.The allergenicity of steamed and baked matrices was also evaluated.The results showed that the allergenicity of wheat dough was basically increased at the beginning and then decreased during fermentation,but specific trends depend on different starters.With the progress of fermentation,especially as pH value decreased to 3.0-4.0,the allergenicity decreased significantly.Baking and steaming can reduce the allergenicity of wheat matrix,but fermentation is not a key factor affecting the allergenic activity of proteins.Our results can provide a theoretical basis for controlling wheat allergenicity in food proces sing or producing hypoallergenic food.

Characteristics of Chinese male patients with breast cancer:summary of the published papers

Objective:The extremely low incidence of male breast cancer (MBC) leads to lack of prospective randomized phase III studies worldwide. Especially in China,all studies on Chinese patients with MBC were based on small sample size and single institute experience. The aim of this study was to provide overall view of characteristics of Chinese patients with MBC by means of summarizing all related papers published in Chinese journals. Methods: An online search was made in CBM,VIP,CNKI,and CBA databases to find all published articles of interest on Chinese patients with MBC. And eight subjects including the proportion of MBC in all breast cancer,age,tumor location,clinical stages,pathological subtypes,treatment modalities,ER/PR expression,and 5-year survival rate were selected to calculate the proportion and their 95% interval confidence. Results: There were 122 papers with 2584 patients enrolled. The basic features of Chinese patients with MBC included:(1) MBC only with a proportion of 1.06% of all the breast cancer; (2) The mean age at diagnosis was 57.6 years old; (3) Tumor mainly located in the areolar region (74.83%) with obvious nipple and/or skin involvement; (4) Nearly 62.62% patients were in early stage before accepting treatment; (5) Infiltrating ductal carcinoma accounted for 79.05% of all pathological subtypes; (6) ER/PR expression rate was 65.86%; (7) Radical resection was up to 86.06% in all surgical modalities; (8) The 5-year survival rate was 57.33%. Conclusion: The results showed in this study were an overall view of Chinese patients with MBC whose characteristics were similar to that reported in the West. Though this study provided a little bit stronger confidence than a single study collected in this paper,studies with more powerful evidence are urgently demanding in China.

The Analysis on Translation of commercial Terms with Chinese Characteristics

During process of global integration,English commercial terms with Chinese characteristics has become a unique linguistic phenomenon.It stands out in the course of Sino - foreign economic communications.The influence of Chinese language upon the English continues to expand and the business expressions with Chinese characteristics highlight its original vocabulary to express their unique strengths.This thesis summarizes features of such translation,lists plenty of representative practical examples,and puts forward some basic ways of its translation.

Study on C-E Translation of Lexical Items with Chinese Characteristics in the Report on the 19th National Congress of the CPC

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a meeting of great importance held during the decisivestage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.As a window to know about the latest changes of China,it is au-thoritative and of much value to study.As time goes by,there emerge more lexical items with Chinese characteristics.This articlestudies Chinese-English translation skills of lexical items with Chinese Characteristics in the Report on the 19th National Congressof the CPC.First,it classifies these lexical items into several kinds including those related with economy,politics,culture,peo-ple’s wellbeing and other lexical items,and then studies them respectively.

Theory and Practice of Major Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics:Inheritance, Innovation, and Development

As economic globalization and multi-polarization continue to develop worldwide,the international order is undergoing profound and complex changes,supporting more extensive peaceful development and instances of win-win cooperation.The collective rise of the emerging major countries is prompting the construction of a fair,rational new international order in politics and economy.In this context,China is a major force for world peace and the common development of the entire world,and the central leadership of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP),with Xi Jinping at its core has proposed a series of new concepts,modes of thinking,and strategies in relation to governance and administration,taking into account both the domestic and the international situation.Xi's perspective on diplomacy emerged from the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and is the outcome of the combination of the universal principle of Marxism with the specific practice of major country diplomacy in China,and constitutes a major component of Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.In his report to the 19th National Congress of the CCP,General Secretary Xi proposed to develop a community with a shared concept of the future for humanity to forge a new form of international relations,featuring mutual respect,fairness,justice,and win-win cooperation.1 This shows the constructive role China is playing in the peaceful development of the world,actively participating in and leading global governance and safeguarding the stability of the international order,thus laying the basis in discourse for the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics for a new era.

Geographical distribution of Aralia elata characteristics correlated with topography and forest structure in Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces,Northeast China

The Araliaceae family consists of numerous species of medical plants of significant value as non-wood forest products.To conserve and culture these plants in natural forest stands is an important undertaking which should be implemented according to the relationship between forest structure and understory population.In this study,thirtyfive plots were established in natural A ralia elata stands.Taller individual and denser populations were found in the northern and in the eastern regions,respectively.Both population densities and individual leaf weight increased along longitude.In contrast,their relationship with elevation and DBH were negative.Along with the altitude gradient,both height and root-collar diameter increased but population density declined.Root-collar diameter and population density decreased with latitude and DBH,respectively.Overall,dominant trees unlikely enforced strong disturbance to the development of understory A.elata populations unless concerning some specific topographic factors.

On the Global Significance of XI Jinping＇s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era

XI Jinping＇s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era contains Chinesewisdom for the development of socialism in the world,Chinese experience of realizing modernization in adeveloping country,and Chinese solution to the global governing. It clarifies the theoretical puzzlement of ＂theend of history＂,＂the clash of civilizations＂and ＂Western centrism＂,so that it plays an important role inhuman intellectual history. Therefore,one should adopt an international vision and a global perspective tounderstand and evaluate the theoretical significance and practical value of XI Jinpings thought on socialismwith Chinese characteristics for a new era.

The Internal Logic and Value Pursuit of Green Development of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Communists.Comprehensive understanding and mastering the internal logic and value pursuit of the green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is in favor of upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new situation,implementing the strictest ecological and environmental protection system,and unswervingly taking the path of innovation,coordination,green development,openness and sharing,and providing ideological powers and operational guidance for the construction of a Beautiful China and the modernization of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.

The Major Power Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics in the Transition of International Order

The early 21st century finds great change in international order. China＇s foreign relations have entered a new phase where its driving force is rapidly rising for the emerging countries and new global economic govemance mechanism is gradually established. To follow the trend of the times, China has actively participated in global economic govemance and supply of public goods. China＇ s foreign relations present a new vision, idea and strategy under the leadership of President Xi Jinping. It is a new starting point for China to further integrate itself into the world and open itself wider to the world. China takes an active part to participate in global governance and plays an important role in the issues of economic integration, environmental governance, climate change, nuclear nonproliferation, energy crisis, intemet security and anti-terrorism, especially anti-terrorism. This article explains the performance of international relations in current transition order and tries to tackle prior （and in some ways more intractable） issues and to analyze the internal logics and external environment of impact of multi-polarization on China＇s major power diplomacy with its characteristics in the transition of International order.

Study on syndrome distribution and medication characteristics of patients with rectal cancer in the real world

Objective:To explore the general characteristics,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and medication of patients with rectal cancer in China.Methods:The clinical data of inpatients with rectal cancer from the information system of 17 tertiary A‑level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China were collected.After data standardization,descriptive analysis was performed on the general information,syndrome distribution and medication characteristics of the included patients,and association rule analysis was performed on the drug usage.Results:A total of 15424 hospitalized patients with rectal cancer were included.The ratio of male to female patients was 1.6:1,the average age was 60.87 years old,and the age was mainly in the range of 50 to 79 years old.Among the 12146 patients with rectal cancer,the top 5 TCM syndromes were Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome(25%),phlegm and blood stasis syndrome(19%),spleen deficiency syndrome(14%),Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome(7%)and Qi and blood deficiency syndrome(6%).After excluding the anti‑tumor western medicine recommended by the guidelines,adrenal corticosteroids(43.55%),antibiotics(42.94%)and immunomodulatory drugs(42.66%)ranked the top three in the frequency of western medicine use.Dexamethasone(38.15%),metoclopramide tablets(20.51%)and furosemide injection(19.71%)were the three most commonly used western medicines.Among the three western medicines combined,cimetidine,granisetron hydrochloride dextrose injection+dexamethasone were the most common(support 8.23%,confidence 96.4%,and improvement 2.48%).Heat‑clearing and detoxifying agents(53.72%),Yiqi‑fuzheng agents(49.76%)and blood‑activating and stasis‑removing agents(15.68%)ranked the top 3 in the frequency of use of traditional Chinese medicine.Shenqi Fuzheng injection,Shenqi Fuzheng injection(21.59%),Compound Kushen injection(17.52%)and Aidi injection(11.96%)were the three most commonly used Chinese patent medicines.Conclusion:The main syndromes of patients with rectal cancer may be Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome,phlegm and blood stasis syndrome,and spleen deficiency syndrome,etc.The treatment needs to focus on the supplementation of vital essence,combination of dredging and tonifying method,and the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine.

The Development Path for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

Like most countries in the world, China supports the ideal of human rights de- picted and advocated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international docu- ments and agrees with the idea that human rights should be universal. However, China also holds that to better realize the common goals of human rights requires that each coun- try explore and find the best and most efficient way in accordance with its own conditions. One of the reasons for the fast development of human rights in China since its reform and opening-up is that China has chosen a development path for human rights according to its own conditions. The path fits the conditions of China and therefore efficiently promotes the realization of universal human rights.

For a Socialist Theoretical System for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

I.The Necessity and Feasibility for Developing a Socialist Theoretical System for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics Development of such a system is needed to ensure success of the social transformation and transition ongoing up in China

Research on Innovation of Foreign Language Teaching under the Thought of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

On the subject of integrating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress,Liu Guiqin,director of the department of social science and technology of the ministry of education,made a thematic report entitled“earnestly studying,propagating and implementing the spirit of the 19th national congress of the party and accelerating the introduction of the thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era into textbooks,classrooms and minds”.According to the report,as well as the ideological and political theory courses,the curriculum integration indepth course education“the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics to blend in new era.This paper analyzes from the foreign language teaching with Chinese characteristics under the background of new era.The current college English teaching under the new situation of permeation of moral education present situation analysis,this is a natural fit with the research of this project.

3-39 Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients and Salt Content of Northwest Arid Region in Our Country--with the Industrial Park in Gansu as an Example

According to the poor nutrient and soil salinization of Wuwei industrial park in Gansu in Northwest arid region,we collected a large number of samples in the region and measured the soil salinity and nutrient content in 020cm. By the statistical analysis and comparison the values of the water content, pH, salinity, organic matter andavailable nitrogen phosphorus and potassium (NPK) in Table 1, our results indicated that: (1) In the sample region,besides the low water content, the degree of soil salinization is predominant and the majority of soil belong to themoderate or severe saline-alkali land. (2) Due to the low nutrient content, the soil is relatively poor. There areobvious differences between the soil organic matter and the available NPK[1]. In short, the nitrogen contents ofthe soil in the region are seriously rare. The available phosphorus contents were at a moderate or deficient level,and the available potassium contents were at a sufficient level or an adequate level compared with the classificationstandard of the second general survey of soil (Table 2).