Digital Transformation and Corporate Financial Risk:Evidence from Listed Companies in

As a core issue in enterprise operation management,corporate financial risk is directly related to the survival and development of enterprises,and digital transformation has brought new challenges to the control of corporate financial risk.Based on the data of The Shanghai Stock Exchange(SSE)and Shenzhen Stock Exchange(SZSE)from 2009 to 2022,this paper analyzes the impact of digital transformation on corporate financial risk and the impact mechanism.The empirical study finds that digital transformation significantly increases the financial risk of enterprises,and shows differences among different regions,different risk factors,and enterprise natures,and substantially increases the corporate financial risk in the East and West,non-state-owned enterprises,high-risk and low-risk enterprises.The mechanism analysis found that digital transformation would affect the financial risk of enterprises by increasing their R&D investment and reducing their debt level.The conclusion improves insights and guidance for analyzing and managing financial risks in enterprises under digital transformation.

Basic conditions study to accelerate the realization of transformation of Shaanxi＇s economy growth mode

It is an urgent and important economic work in the moment and the next period for China to realize the transformation of economic growth mode. Relatively, there must be certain basic conditions. This article makes elaboration of the basic conditions, which accelerate the change of Shaanxi＇s economic growth mode from government angle, and proposes countermeasures for it, according to Shaanxi＇s situation and the requirement of scientific development concept, in order to provide basis for the government＇s economic growth transformation.

The Impact of Risk-Based Cancer Care Planning on the Complications and Self-Care Ability of Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

Objective:To explore the impact of the application and implementation of risk-based cancer care planning in patients with cervical cancer radiotherapy on the complications and self-care ability of patients.Method:This study recruited selected patients who came for cervical cancer radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital in Xianyang City,Shaanxi Province from November 2020 to November 2021.One hundred patients were recruited.Nursing management was carried out,and cancer care planning under the concept of conventional care and risk were applied.The effects of different nursing methods on patients were compared and analyzed.Results:The patients in the experimental group had higher scores of self-care ability and lower complication rate.All data were significantly different from those of the control group(P<0.05),and the nursing effect on the experimental group was better.Conclusion:The application and implementation of the risk-based cancer care planning in patients who received cervical cancer radiotherapy has significant clinical effects,which is beneficial to reduce the incidence of patients’adverse reactions and promote patient recovery.

Fuzzy Risk Assessment Model of Power Transformer Based on Borda Number Theory

The power transformer is the key equipment of transforming voltage and exchanging power in the power system.It's safe and reliable operation directly influences the safe level of the power system.To study the risk assessment of power transformer which is very significant to improve the reliability of the power system,a fuzzy comprehensive risk assessment model of power transformer based on Borda number theory is proposed in this paper.At first,the fault types and risk factors of the power transformer are analyzed.Secondly,the basic framework of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is applied to quantify the risk factors.And then,Borda number theory is employed to analyze influence degree and occurrence probability of power transformer.At last,the various risk factors impact index and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index of power transformer can be easily obtained.Applying this model,the relative importance degree of the risk factors can be horizontally compared according to the numerical index,the engineering staff can directly get the parameters of the transformer risk level and get a good description of the visual expression through using 5 score and similar visual language.

The Risk Assess Method of Power Transformer

Electric power transformers are the main apparatus of electric power system.The safety of power transformer concerns the energy safety of a country.It is very important to assess the risk of the transformers.According to the risk value,people can apply suitable step to avoid a failure,and make suit maintenance.In this paper,the authors descript a method to assess the risk of power transformers.The defects of transformers were divided into partial discharge defect and overheating defect.The risk of a transformer was calculated by the fault probabilities of each kind of defects using the serial model.The failure probability of partial discharge defect was studied by combining the development of partial discharge signal to the decrease of the electric strength of the insulation.And the stress-strength model was used to deal with the failure caused by over voltage.The failure probability of the overheating defect was calculated by the Gauss distribution of the predicted dissolved gases in the transformer oil.

ON THE EXPECTED DISCOUNTED PENALTY FUNCTION IN A MARKOV-DEPENDENT RISK MODEL WITH CONSTANT DIVIDEND BARRIER

This article considers a Markov-dependent risk model with a constant dividend barrier. A system of integro-differential equations with boundary conditions satisfied by the expected discounted penalty function, with given initial environment state, is derived and solved. Explicit formulas for the discounted penalty function are obtained when the initial surplus is zero or when all the claim amount distributions are from rational family. In two state model, numerical illustrations with exponential claim amounts are given.

Risk assessment models of integrative medicine indicators for malignant transformation of chronic atrophic gastritis:A registry study protocol

Objective:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and modern medicine have both been used in arresting malignant transformation of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)in China with good therapeutic effect.However,no studies have been undertaken to assess the risk of malignant transformation in CAG patients using both modern medicine and TCM features.Our study aimed to develop risk assessment models for malignant transformation of CAG combining indicators of both TCM and modern medicine.These models will facilitate early warning and control of malignant transformation of CAG from the perspective of evidence-based integrative medicine.Methods:In the proposed registry study,a total of 1000 eligible CAG patients will be recruited from four hospitals in China.A 10-year follow-up study will be conducted both on-site and off-site to track the events of malignant transformation.Frequency analysis and chi-squared tests will be used to perform the comparative analysis on the prevalence of malignant transformation events and indicators in TCM or modern medicine in different groups.A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model will be used to perform correlation analyses of malignant transformation events and factors of TCM or modern medicine.Conclusion:The proposed study has been designed with a large sample size and long follow-up period,in which wide-ranging modern medicine and TCM indicators can be gathered over the whole process of malignant transformation of CAG.Based on this study,risk assessment models for malignant transformation ofCAGmaybe constructed fromthe perspective of integrative medicine.This may provide clinicians and patients with an optimized early warning system as well as prevention strategies for malignant transformation of CAG.

Stock profiling using time–frequency‑varying systematic risk measure

This study proposes a wavelets approach to estimating time–frequency-varying betas in the capital asset pricing model(CAPM)framework.The dynamic of systematic risk across time and frequency is analyzed to investigate stock risk-profile robustness.Furthermore,we emphasize the effect of an investor’s investment horizon on the robustness of portfolio characteristics.We use a daily panel of French stocks from 2012 to 2022.Results show that varying systematic risk varies in time and frequency,and that its short and long-run evolutions differ.We observe differences in short and long dynamics,indicating that a stock’s betas differently fluctuate to early announcements or signs of events.However,short-run and long-run betas exhibit similar dynamics during persistent shocks.Betas are more volatile during times of crisis,resulting in greater or lesser robustness of risk profiles.Significant differences exist in short-run and longrun risk profiles,implying a different asset allocation.We conclude that the standard CAPM assumes short-run investment.Then,investors should consider time–frequency CAPM to perform systematic risk analysis and portfolio allocation.

Migrant Workers and Elimination of Risks in Chinese Modern Transformation

Firstly, risks in Chinese modern transformation are discussed from the perspective of gap between urban and rural areas and mobility of rural laborers. Secondly, the significant role of migrant works in elimination of risks in Chinese modern transformation is analyzed from two aspects, namely rural migrant workers pursuing equal economic and political status (identity and household registration) when working in cities. Finally, it is concluded that migrant works play a key role in Chinese modern transformation.

Claim Sizes-Based Perturbed Risk Model with the Dependence Structure

In this paper, we focus on the perturbed risk model with dependent relation and consider the relevance from two aspects. For one side, we use copula function to model the structure of the claim size and interclaim time, and on the other side, we establish the change of premium rat depending on the random thresholds. At last, we obtain the Integro-differential equations and its Laplace transforms of the Gerber-Shiu functions for the new risk model.

Research on the path of transitional development of liquor industry based on the background of "Internet +"

Liquor-making industry has stepped into the depths strategic transformation and faced more complex and versatile macro situation in recent years, which means that economy integration was accelerated, the spread of information technology sped up, consumer demand for products became complex and sophisticated, and product life cycle was shortened. The theory of "Internet +" highlights new turn in the strategic transformation of liquor-making industry. This paper, under the background of "Internet +", analyzes the existing situations of liquor-making industry, provides transition routes of strategic transformation in liquor-making industry, and gives prevention against transformation risks.

Conflicts in Defining Data Ownership in China’s Digital Transformation and the Regulatory Path

China is aggressively pursuing digital transformation,and data,alike labor,technology,capital,and knowledge,has become as a crucial factor of production.Digital transformation is accelerating the emergence of a data-intensive society,and the ensuing difficulties of balancing freedom and responsibility,openness and security,as well as free sharing and legal regulation are posing new challenges to national and social governance.Among these challenges,defining data ownership,the social disorder and anomie brought about by the unclear definition of data ownership,and data ownership regulatory path are new propositions that need to be urgently addressed in this data-intensive society.This paper systematically explains the theoretical meaning and practical value of data ownership through a literature review on the analysis of domestic and foreign scholars as well as research think tanks,compares the differences and inherent conflicts between the definition of data ownership by the government,enterprises,and society in China,thoroughly compares the definition standards of the European Union,the United States,and Japan,and on this basis,discusses the formation of a definition of data ownership that meets the requirements of China’s digital transformation.

Application of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and neural network in power transformer risk assessment

In operation,risk arising from power transformer faults is of much uncertainty and complicacy.To timely and objectively control the risks,a transformer risk assessment method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(FAHP) and artificial neural network(ANN) from the perspective of accuracy and quickness is proposed.An analytic hierarchy process model for the transformer risk assessment is built by analysis of the risk factors affecting the transformer risk level and the weight relation of each risk factor in transformer risk calculation is analyzed by application of fuzzy consistency judgment matrix;with utilization of adaptive ability and nonlinear mapping ability of the ANN,the risk factors with large weights are used as input of neutral network,and thus intelligent quantitative assessment of transformer risk is realized.The simulation result shows that the proposed method increases the speed and accuracy of the risk assessment and can provide feasible decision basis for the transformer risk management and maintenance decisions.

Evaluation of Medical Costs of Kidney Diseases and Risk Factors in Japan

Background: Kidney (renal) diseases and dialysis are among the most costly disorders and represent a worldwide burden. In this study, we evaluate the medical costs for individuals with kidney diseases and risk factors for the diseases in Japan. Data and Methods: The dataset used contained 113,979 medical checkups and 3,172,066 medical cost records obtained from 48,022 individuals in one health insurance society. The sample period was April 2013 to March 2016. We evaluated the distribution of all medical costs, and those of kidney diseases specifically. Then the power transformation Tobit model was used to remove the effects of other variables. Finally, a probit analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Results: In 0.25% of all cases, individuals were diagnosed with kidney diseases. An individual with kidney disease cost 14.5 times more than those without kidney disease. If the diseases progressed into chronic kidney disease (CKD), the medical costs increased substantially. Even disregarding various characteristics of individuals, this conclusion did not vary. We found important risk factors included diabetes and blood pressure problems. In particular, an individual with both factors had a high probability of developing kidney disease. Conclusion: Kidney diseases are much costlier than other diseases. Screening high-risk individuals, educating patients, and ensuring that treatment begins at an early stage are critically important to controlling medical costs. Limitations: The dataset was observatory, and the sample period was only 3 years.

Debate about TGFBR1 and the susceptibility to colorectal cancer

Recent years have witnessed enormous progress in our understanding of the genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). Estimates suggest that all or most genetic susceptibility mechanisms proposed so far, ranging from high-penetrance genes to low-risk alleles, account for about 60% of the population-attributable fraction of CRC predisposition. In this context, there is increasing interest in the gene encoding the transforming growth factor β receptor 1 (TGFBR1 ); first when over a decade ago a common polymorphism in exon 1 (rs11466445, TGFBR1 *6A/9A) was suggested to be a risk allele for CRC, then when linkage studies identified the chromosomal region where the gene is located as susceptibility locus for familial CRC, and more recently when the allele-specific expression (ASE) of the gene was proposed as a risk factor for CRC. Published data on the association of TGFBR1 with CRC, regarding polymorphisms and ASE and including sporadic and familial forms of the disease, are often contradictory. This review gives a general overview of the most relevant studies in order to clarify the role of TGFBR1 in the field of CRC genetic susceptibility.

An Overview on Biological Markers in Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology: Concepts, Definitions and Use in Risk Assessment

Reproduction and development are complex couple-dependent processes. Risk assessment for these health outcomes requires the use of biomarkers to link exposures to disease. Biological markers of susceptability, external dose, internal dose, biologically effective dose, early or late biological responses, altered reproductive or developmental function, and reproductive or developmental disease are introduced. Using these biomarkers it is possible to define a biologically based risk assessment methodology for reproductive and developmental toxicity. Risk assessment for reproductive toxicity requires definition of male and female fecundity, couple-specific factors, spontaneous abortion, rate, and other factors. Using using sperm count as a biomarker for male fecundity, an example of a reproductive risk assessment using biomarkers is performed.

Evaluation of Global Operational Competitiveness With Risk Management

This paper is aiming to connect previous research in global competitiveness analysis, taking the impact of the global financial crisis into account, to evaluate how manufacturing companies are able to manage crisis by adjusting their manufacturing strategy and transformational leadership together with technology level to improve their global operational competitiveness performances. Based on the previous research, we developed a theoretical approach of modeling the core factors which influence the operational competitiveness performance （i.e., manufacturing strategy and transformational leadership with technology level）, into conceptual analytical models to evaluate overall competitiveness. The empirical studies are focused on manufacturing companies in China, Finland, Slovakia, Iceland, and Spain. The case companies are evaluated with the proposed analytical models and their performances are compared in global context to conclude the experience of crisis management.

Clinical Variants, Rates of Post-Operative Recurrence and Malignant Transformation of Sino-Nasal Inverted Papilloma

Background: Inverted Papilloma (IP) is the most common benign neoplasms arising from the mucosal lining of the of the Sino-Nasal tract with single or multifocal attachment sites. The high propensity to recur, local aggressive behavior and possibility of malignant transformation attract considerable interest. Objective: To assess the factors affecting Sino-nasal IP, malignant transformation rate, and post-operative recurrence rate. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on all cases diagnosed as Sino-Nasal Papilloma between January 2010 and December 2020 at Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain. Data gathered from medical records were analyzed using SPSS. A total of 49 Sino-Nasal Papilloma cases were recorded of which 37 were IP. Factors affecting Sino-Nasal IPs are presented. Results: Sino-Nasal IP was recorded in 37 cases, composed of 28 males and 9 females with first presentation average age of 45.86 years. These involved 20 cases in the left side, 14 in the right side and 3 were bilateral. Recurrence in males and females was found to be 35.7% and 33%, respectively, with an average of 12.6 months. The symptoms include nasal blockage (97.3%), epistaxis and postnasal drip (13.5% each), headache (8.1%) and hyposmia and rhinorrhea (5.4%, each). The main recurrence was at stage T2 (60.5%), while in smokers (26.7%) and non-smokers (50%). Malignant transformation occurred in one patient only (2.6%). Conclusion: IP is the most common type of SNP with male predominance. The recurrence rate is high with an average of a year and the malignant transformation occurred in 2.6 % of the cases.

德国综合安全观:理论缘起、历史演进与实践评估

德国首份《国家安全战略》以“综合安全”为要义,具有理论逻辑和历史脉络可循。德国综合安全观兴起于冷战后,其内在逻辑是对欧洲主义安全观的继承性发展,聚焦两极秩序瓦解后的经济与社会秩序稳定以及应对域外冲突,注重非传统安全,安全参与者包含国家与非国家行为体。克里米亚危机后,传统军事威胁回归欧陆,德国综合安全观“防御性”与“韧性”融合并重。俄乌冲突冲击欧洲安全秩序,德国综合安全观愈发重视国家与联盟防御,并通过“多元化”与“联盟政治”等手段推进“去风险”策略,增强经济与社会韧性,同时也呈现出泛安全化、价值观化与权力政治的特质,其影响力辐射至“印太”地区与对华政策上。然而,德国综合安全政策实践仍面临诸多挑战。防御上,德国提升国防的政治承诺与其军事资源尚不匹配。韧性上,德国“去风险”策略受国际权力对比变化、中国市场红利、德国政界与商界意见的异质性以及德国国内经济成本的制约。为此,中国应客观看待德国安全政策转型的影响。

中国新能源产业发展态势、优势潜能与取向选择

大力培育发展新能源产业,既是贯彻新发展理念的内在要求,又是推动能源绿色低碳转型的必由之路。未来3—5年是中国新能源产业发展的关键时期,要形成与碳达峰碳中和目标相匹配的发展规模,抢占产业发展的技术制高点,引领国民经济跨越式发展,形成经济增长的新动能。中国新能源产业发展呈现在全球范围拥有巨大市场和增长潜力、逐步形成外贸竞争新优势、拉动商品出口结构持续优化等态势,但也面临产业链起点不平衡冲击新能源资本市场秩序、新技术新产品产业化进程亟待提高、贸易保护政策等竞争形势加剧发展不确定性等问题。培育新能源产业发展新动能的关键任务在于优化新能源产业领域资源配置,构建优势互补的多元能源体系,优化新能源产业链整体部署,加快形成高水平制度型开放格局,巩固提高新能源产业国际竞争力。