The National Formation of the Right to Health:Taking Broadcast Gymnastics as an Example

Broadcast gymnastics,which was initiated in 1951,is one of the most widely adopted and popular mass sports activities in China,embodying the country's commitment to shaping the right to health of its citizens.The history and development of broadcast gymnastics are closely tied to the destiny of the nation,reflecting clear national will,and aiming to achieve the goal of“shaping new individuals”.The institutional forms of broadcast gymnastics can be categorized into three stages:“military simulation”,“administrative reinforcement”and“market competition”,each of which aligns with the objectives and needs of different periods.Taking the establishment and promotion of broadcast gymnastics in China as a focal point helps construct a doctrinal framework for the right to health.Based on the purposes and means of health shaping,the implementation of the right to health can be divided into four types:national health projects,citizens'health rights,the social health industry,and civic health consumption.National health projects,facilitated by legislative mechanisms,provide institutional support and supply for citizens'health rights.The right to health,as a social right,has both a subjective rights orientation and an objective value order orientation,thus establishing the individual's subject status in terms of their right to health.Its defense aspect is oriented toward rejecting excessive state intervention,while the benefit aspect directly links to the state's payment measures.The boundaries of state power also need to be defined in the social health industry and civic health consumption.Hence,developing broadcast gymnastics involves adjusting its relationship with the overall objectives of the state and individual citizens'needs.It involves balancing the use of administrative and market methods,continually innovating sports programs that better suit diverse needs,and actively participating in the competition of the fitness market.

Impact of Agricultural Eco-environment on the Architectural Form of Vernacular Dwellings

Through analyzing the form, materials, building techniques of vernacular dwellings in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, this study tries to explore the influence of agricultural eco-environment on the form of folk houses, points out that vernacular dwellings are fully combined with local traditional agricultural environment from site selection, spatial form, architectural style, building materials and detail designs, which unifies the economic and environmental benefits of vernacular dwellings.

Design of Mountain Architecture for the Elderly

The paper based on relevant cases of mountain architecture is to explore design methods of mountain building for the elderly through the research on design features of mountain architecture for the elderly, the overall spatial form integrating architecture and landform, site texture, architectural form that suit terrains, diverse forms of the building entrance, building materials in harmony with nature and design of functional space.

Sources of Nigerian Architecture in the 21st Century

Nigeria,the home of the largest conglomeration of blacks in the world,deserves its unique architectural identity.Its variety of vernacular built environment seems to hold promise to that ambition.Vernacular architecture across Nigeria’s geographical clusters has demonstrated a thorough response to the climate,local technology and socio-economic parameters in which they developed.The advent of colonialism,the spread of Islam in Africa,and the end of slave trade,impacted tremendously on the options available to developers and master builders over the years.This review paper identifies the prospective sources of evolving the country’s unique spatial identity and architectural language by critically exploring the determinant and moderating factors of the development of ethno-regional built environment for the country.The life style and the divergent historical circumstances of the nation’s core subdivisions readily suggest the devolution regional identities.The paper argues that a national identity could be forged through a five-tier synthesis of architectural strategies,to positively integrate form,space,and order imaginatively to fit user“genius loci”,i.e.sense of rootedness.The application of the courtyard within the family compound(groups of dwelling units sharing common services),serves physical,social,and economic functions concurrently.Hence,the essence of traditional style has to be cherished dearly,to ensure cultural heritage conservation of the society.It could be concluded that despite the gradual replacement of traditional building practices with modern trends;core cultural values like hierarchic selective interaction(privacy)afforded by the courtyard housing system,seem to be retained as consistent features of Nigeria’s build environment,which must be jealously guarded.

Research on the Spatial Form of Folk Academy in Xiangxi Area—Taking Chongshi Academy as an Example

In the development process of the entire academy of Xiangxi(China),there are lots of difficulties but it has a unique charm.Both the architectural culture and the college culture collide with the regional culture,creating a spark of difference.This paper,taking Chongshi academy as an example,elaborated and analyzed cases from four aspects of historical evolution,architectural layout and site selection environment,architectural space composition and elements,and architectural decoration art for in-depth investigation of the case,and carried out field research mapping to provide a reliable basis for relevant research.

A Comparative Architectural Study of the Structural Form between Two Religious Buildings in Brasilia： The Cathedral and the Tibetan Stupa

Brasilia, born of the urban plan by Lficio Costa and of the unexpected concrete structural forms designed by Oscar Niemeyer, knew how to adapt to the new forms that came from the country＇s religious syncretism. This article aims to compare, through religious symbolism, structural forms and architectural spaces, two sacred monuments： The cathedral of Brasilia （1958-1967） and the stupa of the Tibetan Buddhist Center, inaugurated in 2006. The millenary construction form of the stupa, one of the primordial sacred structures for all Buddhism traditions, the sacred symbol of enlightenment, must obey some construction rules according to its lineage＇s Buddhist tradition. In this way, the stupa is the opposite of a strong and fearless structural form embodied in the cathedral, with its 16 revolution hyperboloid concrete pillars and its subterranean entrance. Although built in concrete both are unusual forms of architecture with distinct spatial conception and sculptural form structures. While respecting religious differences, it is noticeable a real commitment between form and structure, volume and religious symbolism. At the conclusion, it is perceivable how distinct forms--the Cathedral and the Stupa--can respond in analog manners to the necessity of a gathering space where visitors go in search of expressing their faith. Along with them, Buddhism and Catholicism are rooted in Brazil＇s new capital.

Understanding the Traditional Saudi Built Environment: The Phenomenon of Dynamic Core Concept and Forms

This study examines the traditional Saudi built environment and culture to uncover its rich architecture and to propose a new way of thinking about how to comprehend and value the past while also rebalancing the Kingdom’s future architectural identity. In that sense, the primary objective of this study is to examine the Core Concepts and Forms of traditional architecture, as well as their cultural connotations, in three regions of Saudi Arabia: the central, eastern, and western regions. Non-participant observation, ethnographic, and descriptive approaches were used in the study, which was based on a multi-dimensional comparative observational model. It was determined that the traditional Saudi built environment relied on forty Core Concepts and Forms that were divided into four categories: constant, semi-constant, semi-flexible, and flexible core forms to regulate the production process and maintain its continuity over centuries.

A Brief Analysis of the Forms and Features of Traditional Residential Dwellings in Southern Shaanxi in the Shaanxi Section of the“Silk Road”by Land

As one of the major types of traditional architecture in China,traditional residential dwellings have been characterized by a variety of complex forms under the influence of different regional cultures and historical background.This paper takes the opportunity to study the art and culture of traditional dwelling architecture along the Silk Road,focusing on the traditional dwellings in the southern Shaanxi region,the starting point of the Silk Road,through field research and literature research,to further elaborate and prove the regional form of traditional dwellings in the southern Shaanxi region and the causes of the formation of this north-south architectural form.Therefore,the authors summarize and analyze the architectural forms,mapping data and images and demonstrate through detailed examples of remaining dwellings in southern Shaanxi,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the preservation and inheritance of traditional dwellings in southern Shaanxi in the future.

On Musical Forms——One of Presentation of the Social Ideology

The aesthetics of musical form has transformed from the traditional rites and music to the modern Chinese music,showing both the image of China and the Chinese people and expressing the music aesthetics of the Chinese people. The regionalism of the musical form provides the modernized national legal connotation; at the same time,the modern ideology of the Chinese nation has experienced numerous changes and evolution,gradually developing into the big pattern of the musical ideology.

Impact of Ethnic Migration on the Form of Settlement: A Case Study of Tulou of South Fujian and the Hakkas

Traditional Chinese settlements show gradual changes of the form from south to north, and such a tendency of change in different dimensions is demonstrated as the integration of traditional Chinese folk dwellings(quadrangle and post-and-lintel building) and ethnic folk dwellings(terraced house and column-and-tie construction) in different degrees. There are also mutations in some peculiar regions, such as Minnan Tulou and the Hakka Tulou in Fujian Province(Tulou: earth building). These phenomena are all related to the migration of Han people, integration of Han people and ethnic groups, and the formation of sub-nations. This paper focused on the inheritance and evolution of settlement form under the influence of the above three factors, and also subtle relations formed in this process.

Promote the All-round Development of China's Human Right Cause in the New Era——Summary of the Symposium on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development”

On November 8, 2022, the symposium on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20thCPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development” was held by the China Society for Human Rights Studies in Beijing. Focusing on “the leadership of the CPC and human rights development”, “adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times and human rights theories in contemporary China”, “the Chinese path to modernization and the new form of human rights civilization”, “Chinese human rights solutions and global human rights governance”, “making a better China’s story of advancing human rights and constructing human rights discourse system”, and other topics, the participants reached broad consensus after discussion, and the symposium achieved fruitful results.

Study on Continuity of Temple of Local Land God in Rural Construction Based on the Perspective of Place Spirit

Temple of local land god is a kind of traditional sacrificial architecture in China's village,and is cultural landscape generated under special farming system of China,which reflects the spiritual world of the working people and bears the history of the village. Its protection and continuity must take inheriting the cultural spirit as the most important prerequisite,and "place spirit" established by Norberg Schultz provides important theoretic basis for it. In this paper,based on "place spirit","place spirit" of temple of local land god is interpreted,and important role of "place spirit" in its protection and continuity and the ways to create "place spirit" of temple of local land god are explored.

Investigating the Effect of Sidewalk Flooring on the Behavioral Pattern (Walking) of Citizens in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Vali asr St., Tehran)

The present study has evaluated the effect of architectural forms on the walking activity of citizens as a behavioral model in urban physical spaces.The research hypothesis claims that by designing purposeful and appropriate architectural forms,the behavior and actions of users in urban physical spaces can be to some extent,it designed or controlled,and that the pattern and domains of human behavior in urban streets are the result of the components of environmental quality that are included in the design of that street.The present theoretical proposition has been tested in two sequences from Valiasr Street in Tehran.At the theoretical level,the research method is descriptive-analytical and at the experimental level,it is a survey that has been done using the behavioral research method.The results show that the floor form and street form are the most influential architectural forms in urban physical spaces on the activity of users walking from space in the study sample.Also,some environmental factors have a direct effect on human reactions;The research findings show that people’s speed is directly related to the dimensions of sidewalk carpets and a person tries to take a step according to the senses he receives from the sidewalk flooring form and as a result his speed changes according to those forms.

Using Social Interaction to Invert the Professional Competencies of Future Architects

The article analyzes the results of a sociological study of the role of public and interdisciplinary communications for formation and inversion of architect’s competences.The study was carried out in 2021-2022 among students of architecture departments in Russia.About 3,000 students of the Moscow Architectural Institute(State Academy)and the Orel State University took part in the study.As a result of processing the data of the written questionnaire with correlation relationships,the potential of“external”educational communications was identified for acquisition of new professional knowledge and competencies in architecture;popularization of socially important ideas in architecture and spatial development;raising a sense of pride and respect for urban historical and cultural heritage;enhancing the prestige of the architectural profession and the status of architectural education;understanding social expectations of architectural activities and factors limiting implementation of projects;identifying factors influencing formation of strategies for the development of architectural education.Four stages of formation and inversion of professional competences in the educational process were singled out:1st-2nd years of training-an“orientation period”;3rd-4th years-the level of Bachelor of Science in Architecture,at which the groundwork of the professional thinking basics is laid-a stage of mastering the basic system-design skills;5th year(diploma thesis)-a stage of entry into creative practice;training at the level of Master of Science in Architecture-scientific-design practice in architecture.Issues concerning underrating the importance of future architects’involvement in joint activities with community and engineering professions representatives to realize the goals of sustainable development were identified;late awareness of the value of participation in volunteer programs.

Martin Luther King纪念园方案分析

马丁.路德.金(Martin Luther King Jr.)纪念园是美国国家林荫绿地内的在建纪念物。介绍了该纪念物的设计竞赛过程和获选作品ROWA设计组方案的构思及特点,结合美国国家林荫绿地纪念景观风格和纪念景观设计风尚之流变等设计背景,从延续文脉、时间和空间的融合、材料人文含义的运用和塑造场所精神4个方面分析方案设计手法,并进一步归纳美国现代纪念园的设计特点,讨论对我国纪念园设计的启发意义,探索我国现代园林设计借鉴世界先进文化的道路。

Controls of accommodation to sediment-supply ratio on sedimentary architecture of continental fluvial successions

The applicability of sequence stratigraphic models to continental fluvial successions has long been topic for debate. To improve our understanding of how fluvial architectures record responses to changes in the ratio between accommodation rate and sediment-supply rate (A/S), two case studies are analyzed, including a densely drilled subsurface fluvial reservoir imaged with a seismic cube, and an outcropping fluvial succession. The subsurface dataset provides a larger, three-dimensional perspective, whereas the outcrop dataset enables observation at higher resolution. On the basis of both datasets, channel-body density, channel-body stacking patterns and their formative river types are interpreted at different scales, and how these may reflect responses to A/S change (the rate of accommodation creation relative to the rate of sediment supply) are discussed. The results indicate that (i) channel-body stacking patterns undergo four evolutionary stages along with the A/S increase, i.e., multi-story, mixed multi- and two-story, two-story, and isolated patterns;(ii) channel-body density decreases along with the channel-body stacking patterns varying from multi-story to isolated;(iii) formative rivers types are interpreted as evolving from braided planforms to braided-meandering planforms and then to meandering ones, with the increase of A/S.

Morphology and internal architecture of a banner bank off Chengshan Headland, Shandong Peninsula

A banner bank off the north coast of the Chengshan Headland, Shandong Peninsula, has been described on the basis of echo sounder bathymetry, side-scan sonar and high-resolution seismic data sets. The bank is in NWW direction, approximately parallel to the coastline. The bank consists of sandy silt or clayed silt. Sand waves and megaripples are observed on the north side, which result from strong tidal currents around the headland and storm waves in winter. These bed forms indicate that the bank is influenced by the modern hydrodynamics. The bank is separated from the coast and Holocene subaqueous clinoform around the Shandong Peninsula in its east part. High-resolution seismic profiles reveal that the bank was formed during two periods： the earlier seismic unit Ua, and later seismic units Ub and Uc which overlays Ua with erosional surfaces on its south side and north side, respectively. As comparing with the clinoform, the bank has a different internal architecture. In the west of the bank, however, topography and surface sediment characteristics suggest that the bank links to the clinoform. The authors propose that seismic Ua is a residual part of early clinoform deposit. After the sediments in the north and south of Ua were eroded by strong currents, the Ub and Uc started to deposit probably by a complex hydrodynamic process. These results provide new insights into the evolution of the bank and its relation with the Holocene subqueous clinoform.

Spiritual Language of Public Art in Architectural Form

To interpret spiritual language of architectural public art, architectural form was analyzed. Visual art space is based on spatial vision, artistic forms of point, line, surface and body are major visual elements of spatial form. Visual elements can be demonstrated in various forms, and even more diversified in the context of spatial design, interact with each other according to the form principle of beauty, and construct artistic forms of the space. Manifestation of the nature of public art also relies on visual elements, and the public aesthetic experience and feelings about architectural public art are expressed by visual elements.

Recognition in Shape and Form’s Characteristics of Japanese&Vietnamese Traditional Daily Products

This paper presents the major analyses carried out on shape and form’s characteristic database from Japanese and Vietnamese traditional daily products(TDPs).The aim of the research is to recognize the vital specifications representing for a national style by comparing two different countries together.By using Quantification Theory Type III and Cluster analysis,firstly,the analyses were undergone separately for Japanese and then Vietnamese product data in succession so that a view of general direction for each country was caught.The result showing a difference in scale of“Complexity”and“Specification”axis between Japan and Vietnam leads to performance of the analysis done on combine database of the two countries to get a clearer view of correlation between them.However,the biggest difference between the two countries lies in“Form”(Geometric—Organic)axis.Continuously,for studying more deeply into outline of product shape,the main ratios that affect the appearance or gorgeousness of product’s outline were taken into account and analyzed.By comparing this result to the previous ones,finally a wider and more detail perspective of Japan and Vietnam shape’s specification in a mutual relationship was discovered.