EXPLORING THE VARIOUS APPROACHES OF A RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S ENTRY INTO THE MARKET

To meet the demands posed by the socialist market economy, to foster the close integration of science & technology with the national economy and thus to promote the development of the forces of production are targets pursued by the current drive of restructuring China’s existing S&T system.For this,the CAS Shenyang Branch has conducted rewarding exploration by diversifying various approaches when moving into the market.As a result,it is not only boosting its own development,but also increasing the strength of the local economy.

A Three-Stage Stochastic Dynamic Pricing Game Model Affected by New Products into the Market

In real-life marketing, a common phenomenon is that the prices of current product will have been cut down even the new product has not gone into market yet. Thus, it is very important for merchant to set the strategy which can make the excepted revenue maximum. So, this paper constructs a three-stage stochastic dynamic pricing game model for analyzing the influence of the uncertainty of entry timing of the new products on pricing of products being sold. By analyzing of the pricing strategy, there are big differences in the predictions of new product going into market between merchant and customers;the merchant will adopt cutting price for promotion strategy to reduce negative influence of the new products on the demand of the products sold now. Otherwise, the merchant will adopt the strategy of maximizing current period’s profit.

Chinese Electric Vehicle Brands'Strategic Entry into the European Market

This article examines the entry of Chinese EV brands into the European market,emphasizing the significance of Europe's strong environmental policies and consumer demand for sustainable transport.It discusses the strategic approaches of companies like Geely,Lynk&Co,MG,and Polestar,highlighting their tailored market strategies,challenges,and opportunities amidst stringent regulations and diverse consumer behaviors.The focus is on how these brands adapt and position themselves within the competitive landscape,aiming to capitalize on Europe's shift towards electric mobility.

Internationalization and the Structure of the Company＇s Marketing Strategy on International Markets Theoretical Remarks

The paper presents theoretical reflection upon international marketing strategy in the framework of internationalization and globalization of the market. It consists of four parts. The first one debates the nature and reasons for corporate internationalization. The second part shows an international marketing strategy in the concept of corporate expansion. The strategy consists of two elements： the basic dimensions of foreign market entry modes （part 3） and business presence strategies in overseas markets （part 4）. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for research conducted by Department of Marketing of the Cracow University of Economics. The research has been conducted as a part of grant received by Polish National Centre of Science.

Chinese New Energy Vehicles Venturing into Southeast Asia: Market Challenges and Strategic Layout

This paper explores how Chinese New Energy Vehicle(NEV)enterprises can effectively enter and expand in the Southeast Asian market,analyzing the challenges faced and proposing strategies for market entry and marketing.It highlights the rapid development and technological innovation trends of China's NEV industry and its potential in the Southeast Asian market.The diversity,differentiated market demand,and complex policy environment of Southeast Asia pose major challenges.The strategies suggested include diversified market entry modes,precise product positioning,brand development,and technological differentiation,aiming to provide practical market entry strategies for Chinese NEV enterprises to enhance their global competitiveness.

Regulatory and Non Regulatory Barriers which Limit the Entry of International Telecommunication Service Companies into Asian Markets

This paper compares the development of telecom regulation and deregulation between some typical Asian countries, and analyzes the telecom regulatory systems and industrial organizations of China. This paper also investigates the approaches and strategies of Asian countries to reduce the regulation, reinforce the competition and establish efficient telecom industries. Having examined the Asian telecommunication markets, the paper attempts to apply the lessons learned from the opening of the telecoms markets of the developed economies. Finally the paper contends that if Asian economies wish to have nationally based companies, state or private enterprises, in a competitive postion, the format of the implementation of the WTO/GATS basic telecoms agreement should be carefully examined.

Management of Foreign Market Entry： A Study of Czech Companies

Internationalization of company activities is the necessity of the development for majority of entrepreneurial subjects in the Czech Republic. Internationalization of entrepreneurial activities becomes a tool of business competitiveness. Selecting the right foreign entry mode is an important decision, which demands a lot of resources and thorough planning. The factors influencing company＇s choice of entry mode are divided into two main groups subsuming--external and internal factors. External factors consist of determinants regarding the company＇s environment while the intemal ones are determined by the company＇s specific factors. The opening of new markets such as in the Czech Republic has created the potential for small and medium-size enterprise （SME） expansion and investment. The objective of this paper is to present an application of the entry modes of the selected Czech entrepreneurial subjects. The companies included in the study are those that have undertaken internationalization activities and are incorporated in the Czech Republic. There were a total of 297 enterprises that participated in the research. The research method was an oral questioning and the main instrument was a questionnaire. A relatively low degree of Czech companies that have undergone intemationalization has resulted in the dominance of the least advanced forms of internationalization expansion, mainly exports with a small share of more advanced forms of foreign direct investments and a very low level of forms of international cooperation. Czech companies are in decision about the choosing the foreign entry mode influenced by the many factors. The greatest influence on the choice of foreign entry mode has entry mode variables. Entry mode variables constitute variables assessment characteristics of particular entry mode.

A Study of How Market Entry and Exit Matter for Productivity in China＇s 426 Industries

Based on extensive micro data sets, this paper examines the relationship among large-scale entry and exit, competition and total factor productivity （TFP） growth of China＇s industry during economic transition and market opening. We have arrived at these findings： market opening spurs entry and exit of large numbers of non-state-owned enterprises （non-SOEs） and facilitates dynamic competition; through the stimulation effect of competition, entry and exit push TFP growth on the part of enterprises; through the resource reallocation effect, entry and exit promote growth of the aggregate TFP. However, results indicate that the resource allocation efficiency remains very low in capital-intensive industries where the government intervenes a lot. To conclude, promoting open competition is significant to the growth of industrial sectors ＇productivity.

集体经营性建设用地入市的规范路径研究——以入市合同的性质与效力为切入点

集体经营性建设用地的入市流转需要衔接以《土地管理法》为代表的公法规范和以《民法典》为代表的私法规范。集体经营性建设用地入市参照适用国有建设用地流转制度的同时,仍需关注集体经营性建设用地入市交易的特殊性。集体经营性建设用地入市牵涉多方面法律关系,入市过程伴随着一系列新型且复杂的法律关系与权利义务发生,需要厘清农村集体经济组织的主体资格及权责边界,以规范农村集体经营性建设用地入市的主体范畴。同时通过规范集体经营性建设用地入市的土地用途,形成与国有建设用地相协调的统一城乡土地交易市场体系,进而对出让合同和租赁合同的性质与效力重新认定,构建符合自身特性的入市合同规范。

以竹代塑加工技术与产品现状及其市场发展潜力

我国竹资源丰富、竹加工技术先进、研发能力过硬、国际竞争力强,竹产业是我国绿色朝阳产业,在发展绿色经济、推进国家生态文明建设和现代林业建设,以及践行“一带一路”、乡村振兴和精准扶贫等国家战略中发挥着重要作用。当前,传统塑料行业面临非可再生资源依赖度高、能源消耗大、环境污染严重等挑战,随着世界经济的发展以及人们对环保的重视,各国政府和组织已启动多项“限塑禁塑”政策和措施并推广可持续塑料替代品的行动。竹子是一种加工单元多样、材性优良、可再生可降解的环保低碳优质生物质材料,具有很大的加工选择性和产品可设计性,可为相适应的以竹代塑产品开发提供多种可能和选择。作为一种环保型替代方案,以竹代塑逐渐受到政府、市场和消费者的青睐。2022年11月,中国政府同国际竹藤组织携手共同发起“以竹代塑”倡议,推动各国减少塑料污染,应对气候变化,加快落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程。2023年11月,《“以竹代塑”全球行动计划(2023—2030)》在首届以竹代塑国际研讨会开幕式上正式发布,提出以竹代塑六大行动目标、23项具体行动。中国向全世界发出“以竹代塑”的强音和保护生态环境的决心,多项以竹代塑决策陆续部署,为竹产业发展提供了有力支持。本研究基于我国竹资源和竹产业的优势特点以及传统塑料行业的绿色转型需求,分析以竹代塑替代方案的迫切需求和可行性;着重梳理汽车部件、家用电器壳体、冷却塔填料、管道管材、建筑装饰材、一次性餐具等典型重点行业产品现状及其以竹代塑加工技术和产品市场发展潜力,提出以竹代塑行动建议、发展趋势与展望,旨在为我国以竹代塑技术产品的推广和应用提供一定参考。

集体建设用地入市对县域市场活力的影响研究:基于企业进入视角

研究目的:基于企业进入视角,关注推进城乡统一建设用地市场建设的作用效果,系统考察集体建设用地入市改革对县域市场活力的影响。研究方法:将工商企业注册和土地出让微观数据集与县域经济数据结合,基于因果推断的反事实框架,使用多期双重差分方法进行政策效果检验并进行机制分析。研究结果:(1)集体建设用地入市显著提升了县域市场活力,该结论通过了一系列的稳健性检验;(2)改革通过作用于供地规模与供地价格,对政府规制产生了弱化效应,推动了土地要素市场化配置,对工业与商住用地价格偏移具有矫正效应;(3)政策在一定程度上提升了土地的产出效率,形成效能提升,增强市场活力。研究结论:深化土地要素的市场化配置,进一步扩大集体经营性建设用地入市改革范围,完善集体土地入市流程和市场化交易机制,增强土地要素市场提振县域市场活力的支撑作用。

数字贸易规则、缔约经验与出口企业加成率

在数字经济发展的大背景下,探讨数字贸易规则对制造业竞争力的影响愈发重要。本文基于中国工业企业数据库、中国海关数据库和TAPED数据库,实证检验了签署包含数字贸易规则的区域贸易协定对出口企业加成率的影响。研究发现:总体上,签署包含数字贸易规则的区域贸易协定对出口企业加成率有一定的抑制作用,主要通过扩大进入出口市场的低生产率企业数量、提高企业出口成本及促进高生产率企业之间价格竞争等三条途径实现。异质性分析显示,与拥有丰富数字贸易规则签署经验的经济体缔约,对提高出口企业加成率有积极作用;与数字贸易规则签署经验较欠缺的经济体缔约,则更有利于中国发挥在国际数字贸易治理中的引领和带动作用,进而实现互利共赢。签署包含数字贸易规则的区域贸易协定在降低出口企业加成率的同时显著提高了地区内的资源配置效率。本文为中国在数字贸易领域如何根据缔约对象的不同特征,精准选择谈判策略,进而推动中国出口贸易的高质量发展提供了政策启示。

证券犯罪适用刑法从业禁止分析

随着证券犯罪相关罪名越发丰富,对应的刑罚也需要进化,但以自由刑和财产刑结合的主流判决模式聚焦人身与财产的惩罚,难以防范社会总福利损失大、从业者重复犯罪便利等风险。《刑法修正案(九)》将从业禁止制度写入《刑法》,为制裁和预防证券犯罪提供了途径,但目前有且仅有一个刑事判例。刑事从业禁止适用的不足引发了对于行刑衔接、推广适用等问题的思考。同时,为实现治理证券犯罪绩效最大化而探究证券犯罪适用刑法从业禁止的实施路径,提高刑罚准确性、与犯罪行为的适配度,精准打击犯罪,对冲证券犯罪的负外部性效应。

“一带一路”倡议、市场进入与企业长期经济绩效

本研究选取2009年-2018年间我国上市公司为样本,利用事件分析法测算企业对“一带一路”倡议的短期资本市场反应,进而基于“一带一路”倡议这一准自然实验环境构建双重差分模型,探究“一带一路”倡议对企业绩效以及企业市场进入行为的长期影响.研究发现:1)“一带一路”倡议引致的企业累计异常收益为正,但异常收益为负值的企业占比略高于正值企业;2)“一带一路”倡议显著促进了企业投资的扩大、规模的扩张、收益的提高以及企业市场进入行为的增加,且倡议的积极影响主要通过融资约束机制实现;3)“一带一路”倡议对企业绩效及市场进入的影响因企业特征、地区制度环境及行业特征存在一定的异质性.本研究为当前保护主义抬头背景下“一带一路”倡议的建设、经济全球化的发展,以及如何依托“一带一路”建设,更好地构建新发展格局提供了经验证据.

中国互联网独角兽企业的国际市场进入模式选择及影响因素研究

近年来,互联网独角兽企业成为中国经济高水平发展的驱动力,并开始在国际市场中崭露头角。但由于成立时间短,国际化经验不足,我国互联网独角兽企业想要成功打开海外市场则需要在选择进入模式方面做出更多努力。本文从中国互联网独角兽企业的跨国经营出发,分析这些企业进入海外市场时在模式选择上存在的共同点,并探索影响该类企业模式选择的相关因素。通过研究发现,中国互联网独角兽企业主要采取了贸易式进入模式、投资式进入模式、战略联盟或合作三种进入模式,影响因素包含政治环境、经济环境、企业创新能力等多个方面。

集体经营性建设用地入市方式的教义学展开

《土地管理法》第63条第1款规定,对于符合条件的集体经营性建设用地,“土地所有权人可以通过出让、出租等方式交由单位或者个人使用”。然而,入市方式存在出租入市行为性质有争议、其他入市方式不明确等问题。对此,同一条文第4款规定,入市方式“参照同类用途的国有建设用地执行”,因而研判入市方式问题应当先梳理国有土地相关规则,对是否参照、如何参照等展开论证。一方面,对于出租入市的行为性质,基于国有土地租赁规则、民法理论与规范,应当明确其为负担行为,所设定权利为债权,经登记产生对抗效力。另一方面,其他入市方式上,赠与、互换不符合入市条文立法目的,不属于该条的调整范围。结合国有土地出资(入股)的适用情形、农村集体经济组织的特性等,应当承认出资(入股)入市可以允许其在一定范围内适用,并明确其采用协议方式进行交易;抵押入市有现实需求、理论上可行、符合入市规范,应当以阶段式架构建立其实现机制。

劳动力市场摩擦、企业进入退出与经济波动

本文在一个DSGE模型中引入劳动力市场摩擦及企业的进入退出机制,通过四种不同形式的劳动力市场冲击考察了疫情对中国宏观经济波动的影响。结果表明,疫情冲击将首先导致失业增加,然后传导至企业端,引起单个企业产出下降和中小企业退出,进一步抑制对劳动力的需求,形成正反馈循环。在劳动力市场摩擦和企业数目下降两个机制的互相强化下,短期冲击会带来持续性的影响,仅存在一个季度的冲击也会导致宏观经济的波动持续数年。最后,本文通过政策分析为稳定就业、纾困中小企业等举措的有效性提供了理论依据。

我国农村集体经营性建设用地入市的路径和收益分配优化

农村集体经营性建设用地入市能有效解决城市土地资源紧缺的问题和城市扩张与农村集体占有土地之间的矛盾,从土地供给侧推进房地产市场平稳发展,对于助力乡村振兴战略、促进城乡融合发展、建设高标准市场经济体系意义重大。文章探索了以城乡统一建设用地市场为目标的农村集体经营性建设用地的入市路径,对于近郊农村鼓励通过就地入市的途径,采取出让或者租赁的形式入市,远郊农村通过异地调整的途径,将复垦后结余建设用地指标调整到符合规划的产业集中区入市。在此基础上进一步厘清了三大分配主体、两大分配内容之间层层递进的分配关系。政府直接参与的情况下可以通过参与初次分配或再分配获取收益,间接参与的情况下可以通过征收土地调节金获取收益,当前比较合理的土地调节金征收比例是10%~30%。集体在扣除政府的相应收益后,留存30%~40%用于村集体的经济发展和设施完善或者是股份分红,剩余部分在农民个体之间公平平均分配。最后,文章提出完善集体经营性建设用地的产权制度设计,制定指导入市的全国性实施办法,建立公平合理的土地增值收益分配制度和统筹联动推进宅基地制度改革等相关建议。

制度距离对房地产企业国内跨区域市场进入模式的影响研究——国有资本参与度的调节效应

虽然中国潜力巨大的国内市场为企业开展跨区域经营提供了良好的外部环境,但是我国市场环境呈现统一性和分割性的双重特征,导致中国企业开展国内跨区域经营却存在着巨大障碍。基于制度基础观的视角实证分析了正式制度距离、非正式制度距离和国有资本参与度对房地产企业国内跨区域市场进入模式选择的作用机制。选取2010-2019年发生过国内跨区域并购的沪深两市房地产企业作为研究对象,对符合研究条件的236件跨区域市场进入事件运用SPSS22.0进行相关性分析和回归分析。研究结果表明:目标市场和企业所在地之间的正式制度距离对企业国内跨区域市场进入模式存在显著负向影响,即正式制度距离越大,企业越倾向于采取低控制程度的市场进入模式。国有资本参与度对非正式制度距离与企业国内跨区域市场进入模式有正向调节作用,即随着国有资本参与度的增加,企业更倾向于采用高控制程度的市场进入模式。研究结论为优化企业营商环境、促进国内统一大市场和经济高质量发展提供了新的视角和有益启示。