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Cumulative effects of excess high-normal alanine aminotransferase levels in relation to new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in China 被引量:7
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作者 Jing-Feng Chen Zhuo-Qing Wu +5 位作者 Hao-Shuang Liu Su Yan You-Xiang Wang Miao Xing Xiao-Qin Song Su-Ying Ding 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第10期1346-1357,共12页
BACKGROUND Within the normal range,elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels are associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).AIM To investigate the associations ... BACKGROUND Within the normal range,elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels are associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).AIM To investigate the associations between repeated high-normal ALT measurements and the risk of new-onset MAFLD prospectively.METHODS A cohort of 3553 participants followed for four consecutive health examinations over 4 years was selected.The incidence rate,cumulative times,and equally and unequally weighted cumulative effects of excess high-normal ALT levels(ehALT)were measured.Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse the association between the cumulative effects of ehALT and the risk of new-onset MAFLD.RESULTS A total of 83.13%of participants with MAFLD had normal ALT levels.The incidence rate of MAFLD showed a linear increasing trend in the cumulative ehALT group.Compared with those in the low-normal ALT group,the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios of the equally and unequally weighted cumulative effects of ehALT were 1.651[95%confidence interval(CI):1.199-2.273]and 1.535(95%CI:1.119-2.106)in the third quartile and 1.616(95%CI:1.162-2.246)and 1.580(95%CI:1.155-2.162)in the fourth quartile,respectively.CONCLUSION Most participants with MAFLD had normal ALT levels.Long-term high-normal ALT levels were associated with a cumulative increased risk of new-onset MAFLD. 展开更多
关键词 Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease High-normal alanine aminotransferase level Cumulative effect Cox proportional hazards regression Cohort study
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MHz cut-off frequency and permeability mechanism of iron-based soft magnetic composites
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作者 Xiao-Wei Jin Tong Li +1 位作者 Hui-Gang Shi De-Sheng Xue 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期560-564,共5页
The lack of soft magnetic composites with high power density in MHz frequency range has become an obstacle in the efficient operation of the electrical and electronic equipments.Here,a promising method to increase the... The lack of soft magnetic composites with high power density in MHz frequency range has become an obstacle in the efficient operation of the electrical and electronic equipments.Here,a promising method to increase the cut-off frequency of iron-based soft magnetic composites to hundreds of MHz is reported.The cut-off frequency is increased from 10 MHz to 1 GHz by modulating the height of the ring,the distribution of particles,and the particle size.The mechanism of cut-off frequency and permeability is the coherent rotation of domain modulated by inhomogeneous field due to the eddy current effect.An empirical formula for the cut-off frequency in a magnetic ring composed of iron-based particles is established from experimental data.This work provides an effective approach to fabricate soft magnetic composites with a cut-off frequency in hundreds of MHz. 展开更多
关键词 cut-off frequency PERMEABILITY eddy current effect soft magnetic composites
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Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Lower-Level Health Care Facilities of Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania: Status towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and Way Forward
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作者 Mariam Mahamudu Hussein Mohamed +8 位作者 Michael Habtu Dennis Rweyemamu Anyitike Mwakitalima Amour Seleman Erick Mgina Khalid Massa Grace Saguti Andre Arsene Bita Fouda Zabulon Yoti 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 CAS 2024年第1期279-295,共17页
Background: Improving Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in health care settings is a critical prerequisite for achieving national health goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization (WHO) ... Background: Improving Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in health care settings is a critical prerequisite for achieving national health goals and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target for each United Nations member state to reach by 2030. Each member state is required to reach by 2022, 2025 and 2030 at least 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively of basic level of service of the five elements which are water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate and document the current state of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene services in all lower-level health care facilities in the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania as of July 2022. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 99 public dispensaries in the Dar es Salaam region’s five councils: Ubungo, Kigamboni, Kinondoni and Temeke Municipalities, and Ilala City. The interviewee form and observational checklists were both digitalized using the Kobo tool software. The respondents were health care facility in-charges or nurse in-charges. Data were downloaded, validated, and imported to Stata version 15 for analysis. Results: The basic WASH level per JMP is far below the target in 2022. Each member state by 2022 is required to reach at least 60% of the basic level of service of each element. We found a low coverage of basic WASH in the 99 dispensaries included in this study. The basic WASH coverage was met in only 10 (10.1%) of the dispensaries, while the remaining 89 (89.9%) dispensaries fall on limited WASH services. Conclusion: This study revealed lower coverage of basic WASH services in dispensaries. An urgent need is required to improve the status of WASH in all the dispensaries and facilitate the provision of quality health care services, patient safety and reduce health care associated infections. 展开更多
关键词 Dispensaries Low level Health Care Facilities Service levels Basic WASH Dar es Salaam
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Dynamics of information diffusion and disease transmission in time-varying multiplex networks with asymmetric activity levels
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作者 谢笑笑 霍良安 +1 位作者 董雅芳 程英英 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期690-699,共10页
While the interaction between information and disease in static networks has been extensively investigated,many studies have ignored the characteristics of network evolution.In this study,we construct a new two-layer ... While the interaction between information and disease in static networks has been extensively investigated,many studies have ignored the characteristics of network evolution.In this study,we construct a new two-layer coupling model to explore the interactions between information and disease.The upper layer describes the diffusion of disease-related information,and the lower layer represents the disease transmission.We then use power-law distributions to examine the influence of asymmetric activity levels on dynamic propagation,revealing a mapping relationship characterizing the interconnected propagation of information and diseases among partial nodes within the network.Subsequently,we derive the disease outbreak threshold by using the microscopic Markov-chain approach(MMCA).Finally,we perform extensive Monte Carlo(MC)numerical simulations to verify the accuracy of our theoretical results.Our findings indicate that the activity levels of individuals in the disease transmission layer have a more significant influence on disease transmission compared with the individual activity levels in the information diffusion layer.Moreover,reducing the damping factor can delay disease outbreaks and suppress disease transmission,while improving individual quarantine measures can contribute positively to disease control.This study provides valuable insights into policymakers for developing outbreak prevention and control strategies. 展开更多
关键词 information diffusion disease transmission asymmetric activity levels quarantine strength
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Dynamic characteristics of coal specimens with varying static preloading levels under low-frequency disturbance load
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作者 WEN Xiao-ze FENG Guo-rui +5 位作者 GUO Jun YU Lu-yang QIAN Rui-peng ZHANG Jie ZHANG Peng-fei FENG Wen-ming 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期2644-2657,共14页
The mechanical properties of residual coal pillars under the influence of upward mining disturbances significantly affect the safety of residual mining activities on working faces.This study conducted low-frequency di... The mechanical properties of residual coal pillars under the influence of upward mining disturbances significantly affect the safety of residual mining activities on working faces.This study conducted low-frequency disturbance dynamic uniaxial compression tests on coal specimens using a self-developed dynamic-static load coupling electro-hydraulic servo system,and studied the strength evolutions,surface deformations,acoustic emission(AE)characteristic parameters,and the failure modes of coal specimens with different static preloading levels were studied.The disturbance damage is positively correlated with the coal specimen static preload level.Specifically,the cumulative AE count rates of the initial accelerated damage stage for the coal specimens with static preloading level of 60%and 70%of the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)were 2.66 and 3.19 times that of the 50%UCS specimens,respectively.Macroscopically,this behaviour manifested as a decrease in the compressive strength,and the mean strengths of the disturbance-damaged coal specimens with 60%and 70%of UCS static preloading decreased by 8.53%and 9.32%,respectively,compared to those of the specimens under pure static loading.The crack sources,such as the primary fissures,strongly control the dynamic response of the coal specimen.The difference between the dynamic responses of the coal specimens and that of dense rocks is significant. 展开更多
关键词 low-frequency disturbance dynamic response coal specimens static preloading level
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Monitoring absolute vertical land motions and absolute sea-level changes from GPS and tide gauges data over French Polynesia
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作者 Xianjie Li Jean-Pierre Barriot +2 位作者 Bernard Ducarme Marania Hopuare Yidong Lou 《Geodesy and Geodynamics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期13-26,共14页
In this study,we estimate the absolute vertical land motions at three tidal stations with collocated Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers over French Polynesia during the period 2007-2020,and obtain,as an... In this study,we estimate the absolute vertical land motions at three tidal stations with collocated Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers over French Polynesia during the period 2007-2020,and obtain,as ancillary results,estimates of the absolute changes in sea level at the same locations.To verify our processing approach to determining vertical motion,we first modeled vertical motion at the International GNSS Service(IGS)THTI station located in the capital island of Tahiti and compared our estimate with previous independent determinations,with a good agreement.We obtained the following estimates for the vertical land motions at the tide gauges:Tubuai island,Austral Archipelago-0.92±0.17 mm/yr,Vairao village,Tahiti Iti:-0.49±0.39 mm/yr,Rikitea,Gambier Archipelago-0.43±0.17 mm/yr.The absolute variations of the sea level are:Tubuai island,Austral Archipelago 5.25±0.60 mm/yr,Vairao village,Tahiti Iti:3.62±0.52 mm/yr,Rikitea,Gambier Archipelago 1.52±0.23 mm/yr.We discuss these absolute values in light of the values obtained from altimetric measurements and other means in French Polynesia. 展开更多
关键词 GPS Tide gauges Sea level changes Vertical land motion
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Source and level of dietary iron influence semen quality by affecting inflammation, oxidative stress and iron utilization levels in boars
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作者 Yinghui Wu Yamei Li +8 位作者 Yueyue Miao Hongkui Wei Hefeng Luo Chunxiao Ren Yawei Zhang Juan Chen Tanghong Wei Jiyan Deng Jian Peng 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期2044-2058,共15页
Background Boars fed a mixed form of inorganic and organic iron in excess of the NRC recommended levels still develop anemia,which suggested that the current level and form of iron supplementation in boar diets may be... Background Boars fed a mixed form of inorganic and organic iron in excess of the NRC recommended levels still develop anemia,which suggested that the current level and form of iron supplementation in boar diets may be inappropriate.Therefore,56 healthy Topeka E line boars aged 15–21 months were randomly divided into 5 groups:basal diet supplemented with 96 mg/kg ferrous sulfate(FeSO_(4))and 54 mg/kg glycine chelated iron(Gly-Fe,control);80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg Gly-Fe;80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg methionine hydroxyl analogue chelated iron(MHA-Fe,from CalimetFe)for 16 weeks.The effects of dietary iron supplementation with different sources and levels on semen quality in boars were investigated.Results 1)Serum Fe and hemoglobin concentrations were not affected by reduced dietary iron levels in the 80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg Gly-Fe and MHA-Fe groups compared with the control group(P>0.05).2)Serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and sperm malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the 80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg MHA-Fe groups were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),and higher serum superoxide dismutase levels and lower MDA levels in the 115 mg/kg MHA-Fe group(P<0.05).3)Boars in the 80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg Gly-Fe and MHA-Fe groups had lower serum hepcidin(P<0.01),ferritin(P<0.05),and transferrin receptor(P<0.01)concentrations,and boars in the 115 mg/kg MHA-Fe group had higher seminal plasma Fe concentrations compared with the control group.4)Boars in the 80 mg/kg and 115 mg/kg MHA-Fe groups had lower abnormal sperm rate and in situ oscillating sperm ratio compared to the control group at weeks 12 and/or 16 of the trial.However,the effect of Gly-Fe on improving semen quality in boars was not evident.5)Serum IL-6 level was positively correlated with hepcidin concentration(P<0.05),which in turn was significantly positively correlated with abnormal sperm rate(P<0.05).Furthermore,significant correlations were also found between indicators of iron status and oxidative stress and semen quality parameters.Conclusions Dietary supplementation with 80 mg/kg or 115 mg/kg MHA-Fe did not induce iron deficiency,but rather reduced serum inflammatory levels and hepcidin concentration,alleviated oxidative stress,increased body iron utilization,and improved semen quality in adult boars. 展开更多
关键词 Adult boars Iron level Iron source Iron status Semen quality
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Antibody Levels and Infection Status of Pertussis in the Population under Pertussis Resurgence in Guangxi in 2018:A Cross-Sectional Survey
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作者 Liang Liang Qiuyun Deng +6 位作者 Lili Deng Jinghang Wei Shiyi Chen Yizhi Wei Yuyan Ma Yue Qin Wei Liu 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期628-638,共11页
Objective Pertussis cases have increased markedly since 2018 in Guangxi.The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody levels and the infection status of pertussis in the resident population.Method A total of 10,215 s... Objective Pertussis cases have increased markedly since 2018 in Guangxi.The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody levels and the infection status of pertussis in the resident population.Method A total of 10,215 serum samples from residents were collected from August-November 2018 and tested for anti-pertussis IgG and toxin IgG using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Of the collected samples,1,833(17.94%)tested positive for anti-pertussis IgG,with the median concentration of 16.06 IU/mL.Antibody level<10 IU/mL accounted for more than 60%in children under 4 years of age,but declined with age,whereas the percentages of the other three levels(10-40,40-50,and≥50 IU/mL)increased almost with age(P<0.001).Moreover,7,924 samples were selected for anti-pertussis toxin IgG,of which 653(8.24%)tested positive(≥40 IU/mL)with the median concentration of 5.89 IU/mL,and 204 participants(2.56%)had recent pertussis infection(≥100 IU/mL).Among the different age groups,the highest rates of positivity and recent infection were observed at 11-20 years of age,the lowest positivity rate at 5 years of age,and the lowest recent infection rate at 4 years of age(P<0.001,P=0.005,respectively).Conclusion The survey results showed that all age groups in Guangxi lacked immunity against pertussis,which was one of the main factors contributing to the resurgence of pertussis in 2018.In addition,the prevalence of pertussis is relatively high in Guangxi,and its incidence is seriously underestimated,especially in adolescents and adults. 展开更多
关键词 Pertussis resurgence Anti-pertussis IgG Anti-pertussis toxin IgG Antibody level Infection status
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Methodology for local correction of the heights of global geoid models to improve the accuracy of GNSS leveling
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作者 Stepan Savchuk Alina Fedorchuk 《Geodesy and Geodynamics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期42-49,共8页
At present,one of the methods used to determine the height of points on the Earth’s surface is Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)leveling.It is possible to determine the orthometric or normal height by this met... At present,one of the methods used to determine the height of points on the Earth’s surface is Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)leveling.It is possible to determine the orthometric or normal height by this method only if there is a geoid or quasi-geoid height model available.This paper proposes the methodology for local correction of the heights of high-order global geoid models such as EGM08,EIGEN-6C4,GECO,and XGM2019e_2159.This methodology was tested in different areas of the research field,covering various relief forms.The dependence of the change in corrected height accuracy on the input data was analyzed,and the correction was also conducted for model heights in three tidal systems:"tide free","mean tide",and"zero tide".The results show that the heights of EIGEN-6C4 model can be corrected with an accuracy of up to 1 cm for flat and foothill terrains with the dimensionality of 1°×1°,2°×2°,and 3°×3°.The EGM08 model presents an almost identical result.The EIGEN-6C4 model is best suited for mountainous relief and provides an accuracy of 1.5 cm on the 1°×1°area.The height correction accuracy of GECO and XGM2019e_2159 models is slightly poor,which has fuzziness in terms of numerical fluctuation. 展开更多
关键词 GNSS leveling Global geoid model Gravity anomaly Weight data Correcting data
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Abnormal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Level and Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
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作者 Varatharaja Vasantharaja Registrar 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2024年第1期110-123,共14页
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding is one of the common Gynaecological issues. There are several causes. Some of the women presented with these issues found to have underling thyroid abnormality which was not discovered earlier... Heavy Menstrual Bleeding is one of the common Gynaecological issues. There are several causes. Some of the women presented with these issues found to have underling thyroid abnormality which was not discovered earlier. This research tries to find the prevalence of the Thyroid Disorder among the women present with Heavy menstrual bleeding in Sri Lankan women. 展开更多
关键词 Heavy Menstrual Bleeding TSH levels Thyroid Disorders
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Cut-off value of glycated hemoglobin A1c for detecting diabetic retinopathy in the Chinese population
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作者 Yan Wen Qing Wang 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2024年第7期1531-1536,共6页
BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)is considered the most suitable for diabetes mellitus diagnosis due to its accuracy and convenience.However,the effect of HbA1c on diabetic retinopathy(DR)in the Han and Korean... BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)is considered the most suitable for diabetes mellitus diagnosis due to its accuracy and convenience.However,the effect of HbA1c on diabetic retinopathy(DR)in the Han and Korean populations in Jilin,China,remains inconclusive.AIM To determine the best cut-off of HbA1c for diagnosing DR among the Chinese.METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1933 participants from the Yanbian area of Jilin Province,China.Trained investigators employed a questionnaire-based survey,physical examination,laboratory tests,and fundus photography for the investigation.The best cut-off value for HbA1c was established via the receiver operating characteristic curve.The factors associated with HbA1c-associated risk factors were determined via linear regression.RESULTS The analysis included 887 eligible Chinese Han and Korean participants,591 of whom were assigned randomly to the training set and 296 to the validation set.The prevalence of DR was 3.27% in the total population.HbA1c of 6.2% was the best cut-off value in the training set,while it was 5.9% in the validation set.In both Chinese Han and Korean populations,an HbA1c level of 6.2% was the best cut-off value.The optimal cut-off values of fasting blood glucose(FBG)≥7 mmol/L and<7 mmol/L were 8.1% and 6.2% respectively in Han populations,while those in Korean populations were 6.9%and 5.3%,respectively.Age,body mass index,and FBG were determined as the risk factors impacting HbA1c levels.CONCLUSION HbA1c may serve as a useful diagnostic indicator for DR.An HbA1c level of 6.2% may be an appropriate cut-off value for DR detection in the Chinese population. 展开更多
关键词 Diabetic retinopathy Glycated hemoglobin A1c cut-off value Age Body mass index Fasting blood glucose
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The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Roadway Design and Evacuation Routes in Delaware
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作者 Jack Palevich Ardeshir Faghri Ahmet Karakurt 《American Journal of Climate Change》 2024年第1期69-82,共14页
As the global temperature continues to increase, the sea level continues to rise at a rapid rate that has never been seen before. This becomes an issue for many facets of life but one of the most impacted is the trans... As the global temperature continues to increase, the sea level continues to rise at a rapid rate that has never been seen before. This becomes an issue for many facets of life but one of the most impacted is the transportation infrastructure. Many people living in low elevation coastal areas can become trapped by flooding with no way in or out. With Delaware being a coastal state, this would affect a large portion of the population and will have detrimental effects over time if nothing is done to combat sea level rise. The issue with sea level rise in transportation is that once the roads become flooded, they become virtually unusable and detour routes would be needed. If all the roads in a coastal area were to be affected by sea level rise, the options for detours would become limited. This article looks at direct solutions to combat sea level rise and indirect solutions that would specifically help transportation infrastructure and evacuation routes in Delaware. There is not one solution that can fix every problem, so many solutions are laid out to see what is applicable to each affected area. Some solutions include defense structures that would be put close to the coast, raising the elevation of vulnerable roads throughout the state and including pumping stations to drain the water on the surface of the road. With an understanding of all these solutions around the world, the ultimate conclusion came in the form of a six-step plan that Delaware should take in order to best design against sea level rise in these coastal areas. 展开更多
关键词 Sea level Rise Roadway Design Evacuation Routes
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Buckling Optimization of Curved Grid Stiffeners through the Level Set Based Density Method
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作者 Zhuo Huang Ye Tian +2 位作者 Yifan Zhang Tielin Shi Qi Xia 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第7期711-733,共23页
Stiffened structures have great potential for improvingmechanical performance,and the study of their stability is of great interest.In this paper,the optimization of the critical buckling load factor for curved grid s... Stiffened structures have great potential for improvingmechanical performance,and the study of their stability is of great interest.In this paper,the optimization of the critical buckling load factor for curved grid stiffeners is solved by using the level set based density method,where the shape and cross section(including thickness and width)of the stiffeners can be optimized simultaneously.The grid stiffeners are a combination ofmany single stiffenerswhich are projected by the corresponding level set functions.The thickness and width of each stiffener are designed to be independent variables in the projection applied to each level set function.Besides,the path of each single stiffener is described by the zero iso-contour of the level set function.All the single stiffeners are combined together by using the p-norm method to obtain the stiffener grid.The proposed method is validated by several numerical examples to optimize the critical buckling load factor. 展开更多
关键词 STIFFENER buckling optimization shape and cross section level set based density
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Emission and capture characteristics of deep hole trap in n-GaN by optical deep level transient spectroscopy
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作者 Jin Sui Jiaxiang Chen +3 位作者 Haolan Qu Yu Zhang Xing Lu Xinbo Zou 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期58-63,共6页
Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap(H1)in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy(ODLTS).Activation energy(Eemi)and capture cross-sec... Emission and capture characteristics of a deep hole trap(H1)in n-GaN Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)have been investigated by optical deep level transient spectroscopy(ODLTS).Activation energy(Eemi)and capture cross-section(σ_(p))of H1 are determined to be 0.75 eV and 4.67×10^(−15)cm^(2),respectively.Distribution of apparent trap concentration in space charge region is demonstrated.Temperature-enhanced emission process is revealed by decrease of emission time constant.Electricfield-boosted trap emission kinetics are analyzed by the Poole−Frenkel emission(PFE)model.In addition,H1 shows point defect capture properties and temperature-enhanced capture kinetics.Taking both hole capture and emission processes into account during laser beam incidence,H1 features a trap concentration of 2.67×10^(15)cm^(−3).The method and obtained results may facilitate understanding of minority carrier trap properties in wide bandgap semiconductor material and can be applied for device reliability assessment. 展开更多
关键词 GaN deep level transient spectroscopy minority carrier trap time constant trap concentration
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Effects of Natural Processes on Sea Level Change along the West African Coastline
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作者 Anoumou R. Tano Sandrine Djakouré +6 位作者 Kouamé J. Koffi Yves Kouadio Yao Tchetche Donatus B. Angnuureng Angora Aman François-Xavier B. D. Bouo Appeaning Addo 《Open Journal of Marine Science》 2024年第4期78-95,共18页
Coastal hazards induced by meteo-marine forcing are exacerbated by sea level change along the West African coastline. Changes in sea level are induced by ocean processes such as ocean heat content and river discharge.... Coastal hazards induced by meteo-marine forcing are exacerbated by sea level change along the West African coastline. Changes in sea level are induced by ocean processes such as ocean heat content and river discharge. However, although these processes control largely change in sea level, they remain poorly understood. This study analyzes changes in ocean heat content, river discharge, and sea level and establishes an interconnection between these parameters using several statistical methods over the 1993-2021 period. Results showed a significant correlation between sea level and ocean heat content at 2000 m depth. The yearly minimum value appears in July from Cote d’Ivoire to Benin, whilst this value appears in June in Nigeria. The temporal variability of ocean heat content, river discharge and sea level along the West African coastline exhibits three or four periods interrupted by some breakpoints with unequal duration. The results indicate that the 1993-2000 period was dominated by an increasing ocean heat content along the coastline, while the period after the 2000s exhibits mostly a decreasing trend. Positive and negative trends characterized river discharge and sea level along this coastline. The result of multiple linear regression between sea level, river discharge and ocean heat content is a good approximation of sea level trend along the West African coastline. The results of this study could be used to predict future sea level trends along the coast. 展开更多
关键词 Coastal Sea level River Discharge Heat Content West African Coast
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Core level excitation spectra of La and Mn ions in LaMnO3
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作者 李福建 程新路 张红 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期327-332,共6页
Manganese-based perovskite is popular for research on ferromagnetic materials,and its spectroscopic studies are essential for understanding its electronic structure,dielectric,electrical,and magnetic properties.In thi... Manganese-based perovskite is popular for research on ferromagnetic materials,and its spectroscopic studies are essential for understanding its electronic structure,dielectric,electrical,and magnetic properties.In this paper,the M-edge spectra of La ions and the M-edge,L-edge,and K-edge spectra of Mn ions in LaMnO3 are calculated by considering both the free-ion multiplet calculation and the crystal field effects.We analyze spectral shapes,identify peak origins,and estimate the oxidation states of La and Mn ions in LaMnO3 theoretically.It is concluded that La ions in LaMnO3 predominantly exist in the trivalent state,while Mn ions exist primarily in the trivalent state with a minor presence of tetravalent ions.Furthermore,the calculated spectra are in better conformity with the experimental spectra when the proportion of Mn3+is 90%and Mn4+is 10%.This article enhances our comprehension of the oxidation states of La and Mn within the crystal and also provides a valuable guidance for spectroscopic investigations of other manganates. 展开更多
关键词 lanthanum manganate the core level excitation spectra free-ion multiplet calculation oxidation state
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Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation supporting European society for medical oncology clinical practice guidelines
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作者 MARKO SKELIN BRUNA PERKOV-STIPIČIN +5 位作者 SANJA VUŠKOVIĆ MARINAŠANDRK PLEHAČEK ANE BAŠIĆ DAVIDŠARČEVIĆ MAJA ILIĆ IVAN KREČAK 《Oncology Research》 SCIE 2024年第5期807-815,共9页
Background:The European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO)guidelines are among the most comprehensive and widely used clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)globally.However,the level of scientific evidence supporting ESMO... Background:The European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO)guidelines are among the most comprehensive and widely used clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)globally.However,the level of scientific evidence supporting ESMO CPG recommendations has not been systematically investigated.This study assessed ESMO CPG levels of evidence(LOE)and grades of recommendations(GOR),as well as their trends over time across various cancer settings.Methods:We manually extracted every recommendation with the Infectious Diseases Society of America(IDSA)classification from each CPG.We examined the distribution of LOE and GOR in all available ESMO CPG guidelines across different topics and cancer types.Results:Among the 1,823 recommendations in the current CPG,30%were classified as LOEⅠ,and 43%were classified as GOR A.Overall,there was a slight decrease in LOEⅠ(−2%)and an increase in the proportion of GOR A(+1%)in the current CPG compared to previous versions.The proportion of GOR A recommendations based on higher levels of evidence such as randomized trials(LOEⅠ–Ⅱ)shows a decrease(71%vs.63%,p=0.009)while recommendations based on lower levels of evidence(LOEⅢ–Ⅴ)show an increase(29%vs.37%,p=0.01)between previous and current version.In the current versions,the highest proportion of LOEⅠ(42%)was found in recommendations related to pharmacotherapy,while the highest proportion of GOR A recommendations was found in the areas of pathology(50%)and diagnostic(50%)recommendations.Significant variability in LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations and their changes over time was observed across different cancer types.Conclusion:One-third of the current ESMO CPG recommendations are supported by the highest level of evidence.More well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to increase the proportion of LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations,ultimately leading to improved outcomes for cancer patients. 展开更多
关键词 ESMO guidelines Clinical practice guidelines level of evidence Grade of recommendation
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基于ε-level蝙蝠算法的无人机三维航迹规划 被引量:2
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作者 王福仪 孟秀云 张海阔 《北京航空航天大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期1593-1603,共11页
针对复杂地形环境、存在各种威胁和约束的无人机航迹规划问题,提出了一种基于ε-level改进蝙蝠算法的航迹规划算法。根据无人机目标函数和约束条件,建立无人机三维航迹规划模型;其次,针对蝙蝠算法处理高维带约束问题存在的早熟现象,设... 针对复杂地形环境、存在各种威胁和约束的无人机航迹规划问题,提出了一种基于ε-level改进蝙蝠算法的航迹规划算法。根据无人机目标函数和约束条件,建立无人机三维航迹规划模型;其次,针对蝙蝠算法处理高维带约束问题存在的早熟现象,设计了自适应权重系数和迭代阈值以平衡算法的探索能力和开发能力,并结合ε-level比较策略提高算法对非凸非线性约束优化问题的处理能力;设计了转弯半径可变的Dubins曲线用来对航迹进行平滑处理并解决2个航迹点连线贯穿地形的问题。通过仿真实验,并与蝙蝠算法、粒子群优化算法、ε-level粒子群优化算法和ε-level差分进化算法相比较,所提算法在开发能力、稳定性和成功率等方面都表现出较优的性能。 展开更多
关键词 无人机航迹规划 蝙蝠算法 自适应权重系数 ε-level比较策略 Dubins平滑
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Adaptive Modeling of Monthly Depression Levels in Terms of Daily Assessments of Opioid Medications Taken and Pain Levels for Cancer Patients
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作者 George J. Knafl Ryan Quinn +1 位作者 Andrew Robinson Salimah H. Meghani 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2024年第5期492-517,共26页
A research study collected intensive longitudinal data from cancer patients on a daily basis as well as non-intensive longitudinal survey data on a monthly basis. Although the daily data need separate analysis, those ... A research study collected intensive longitudinal data from cancer patients on a daily basis as well as non-intensive longitudinal survey data on a monthly basis. Although the daily data need separate analysis, those data can also be utilized to generate predictors of monthly outcomes. Alternatives for generating daily data predictors of monthly outcomes are addressed in this work. Analyses are reported of depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 as the monthly survey outcome. Daily measures include numbers of opioid medications taken, numbers of pain flares, least pain levels, and worst pain levels. Predictors are averages of recent non-missing values for each daily measure recorded on or prior to survey dates for depression values. Weights for recent non-missing values are based on days between measurement of a recent value and a survey date. Five alternative averages are considered: averages with unit weights, averages with reciprocal weights, weighted averages with reciprocal weights, averages with exponential weights, and weighted averages with exponential weights. Adaptive regression methods based on likelihood cross-validation (LCV) scores are used to generate fractional polynomial models for possible nonlinear dependence of depression on each average. For all four daily measures, the best LCV score over averages of all types is generated using the average of recent non-missing values with reciprocal weights. Generated models are nonlinear and monotonic. Results indicate that an appropriate choice would be to assume three recent non-missing values and use the average with reciprocal weights of the first three recent non-missing values. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive Regression Cancer Depression Intensive Longitudinal Data Factional Polynomials Opioid Medications Pain levels
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The Impact of Optimizing Details in the Operating Room on the Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control by Surgeons, as Well as the Effectiveness of Infection Control
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作者 Yuanyuan Zhang 《Surgical Science》 2024年第7期421-429,共9页
Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the e... Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the effectiveness of infection control. Methods: From January 2022 to June 2023, a total of 120 patients were screened and randomly divided into a control group (routine care and hospital infection management) and a study group (optimizing details in the operating room). Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in the data of surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, infection rates, and nursing satisfaction, with the study group showing better results (P Conclusion: The use of optimizing details in the operating room among surgeons can effectively improve surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, reduce infection occurrence, and is worth promoting. 展开更多
关键词 Optimizing Details in the Operating Room Infection level of Knowledge ATTITUDE and Practice Infection Control
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