Effect of Sea Level Variation on Tidal Characteristic Values for the East China Sea

Tidal waves in the East China Sea are simulated numerically with POM(Princeton Ocean Model) model for normal mean sea level, 30 cm higher, 60 cm higher, and 100 cm higher, respectively, and the simulated result is compared with the harmonic analysis result of hourly sea level data from 19 tide gauges for more than 19 years. It is indicated that the long-term mean sea level variation affects notably tidal waves in this region. Generally, the tidal amplitude increases when the mean sea level rises, but this relationship may be inverse for some sea areas. The maximal variation of tidal amplitude takes place in the zones near the Fujian coast and the Zhejiang coast, rather than the shallowest Bohai Sea. The maximum increase of M2 amplitude can exceed about 15 cm corresponding to the 60 cm rise of the mean sea level along the Fujian coast. The other regions with large variations of tidal amplitude are those along the Jiangsu coast, the south-east coast of Shandong, and the south-east coast of Dalian. The propagation of tidal waves is also related to mean sea level variation, and the tidal phase-lag decreases generally when the mean sea level rises. Almost all the regions where the tidal phase-lag increases with rising mean sea level are close to amphidromic points, meanwhile the spatial area of such regions is very small. Because the influence of mean sea level variation upon tidal waves is spatially marked, such spatial effect should be considered in calculation of the tidal characteristic value and engineering water level. In the region where the amplitudes of the major tidal constituents increase, the probable maximum high water level becomes higher, the probable maximum low water level becomes lower, and both design water level andcheck water level increase obviously. For example, the design water level at Xiamen increases by 13.5 cm due to the variation of tidal waves when the mean sea level rises 60 cm, the total increase of design water level being 73.5 cm.

海底地形测量成果的质量检核评估(四):自容式压力验潮仪验潮零点漂移处理实践

针对使用自容式压力验潮仪在布设临时验潮站时常出现的验潮零点漂移技术难题,基于附近长期验潮站的潮汐观测数据来计算二站同步时段内逐时日平均海面之差值,以此修正临时验潮站观测数据中隐含的验潮零点逐时漂移量。以福建平潭长期站和王爷山、牛山岛两个临时站的验潮数据为例,进行了自容式压力验潮仪验潮零点漂移处理的实践。结果表明本文相关模型具可操作性和实用价值。

小波变换在少震、弱震区地下水位数据分析中的应用

利用小波变换和多尺度分析原理 ,对位于少震弱震区的湖南的具有不同变化形态的 6口典型井 4年的水位日均值序列进行了分析。结果显示 ,通过多尺度分析可以很方便地将水位日均值序列中的高频部分与低频部分分开 ,而且对不同井孔的含水层系统而言 ,分离出去的频率成分的主模是不同的 ,这反应出不同井孔的含水层系统对同一频率的响应存在差异 ,主模的频率反映了正常背景下井孔———含水层系统的优势频率。

珠江磨刀门河口日均水位变化及影响因子辨识

珠江磨刀门河口日均水位变动的态势受自然过程与强人类活动的驱动,呈现出明显的阶段性演变与季节性异变。辨识日均水位的影响因子,是河口动力学研究的重要内容,对河口治理和水资源高效开发利用具有重要指导意义。本文通过流量驱动的数据驱动模型,对磨刀门河口沿程主要站点长时间日均水位序列(1959—2016年)进行分解,分解出由地形和海平面边界共同驱动以及仅由上游马口站流量边界驱动引起的日均水位变化。地形和海平面边界共同驱动的结果表明:甘竹-灯笼山河段春夏两季日均水位变化主要由河道挖沙引起,日均水位下降(平均下降0.26 m);秋冬两季则由口门围垦与海平面边界控制,日均水位抬升(平均抬升0.07 m)。仅由上游马口站流量边界驱动的结果表明:春夏秋三季日均水位变化主要由水库蓄水主导,日均水位下降(平均下降0.13 m);冬季日均水位变化受水库调枯影响,日均水位抬升(平均抬升0.03 m);从量值上看,地形和海平面边界对磨刀门河口日均水位变动的影响大于上游水库调蓄作用。

中短期验潮站验潮零点不规则漂移精密处理

压力验潮仪是海洋深度测量最重要的辅助传感器之一,中、短期验潮站一般采用压力验潮仪定点布设并实现对沿岸水深测量的水位控制。受复杂海洋作业环境的综合影响,在工程实践中发现验潮零点极易出现不规则漂移,是制约水深测量成果精度的主要因素之一,但相关的探测与校正精密理论研究滞后。分析了验潮零点不规则漂移的形成机理,提出了漂移探测及校正的精密处理数学模型。通过对定海长期站和港鑫临时站以及大丰长期站和三丫子临时站等近一个月实测同步验潮数据的处理,分析了两种日平均海面计算方法对不同周期分潮的削弱效果,结果表明,本文提出的新模型适用于验潮零点不规则漂移的精密处理,经零点校正后,港鑫、三丫子等临时验潮站的水位观测数据精度由dm级提高至cm级。