Theoretical Study on the Structures and Electronic Spectra of the Derivatives of C_(60)-P-2,4,6-Triphenyl Borazinc

The structures and electronic spectra of the derivatives of C60-P-2,4,6-triphenyl borazinc have been studied by using AM 1 method. The calculated results indicate that this kind of compounds has a lower energy difference between HOMO and LUMO. It is found that the electron cloud on unoccupied frontier orbital mainly comes from the contribution of C60, while that on occupied frontier orbital mainly concentrates on the side chain. A long-lived charge-separated state may occur in the objective compounds.

Stabilities and Electronic Spectra for C_(78)O_2 Isomers

Structures and stabilities of 22 possible isomers for C78O2 based on C78（C2v） were studied by INDO series of methods. The most stable geometry is that two oxygen atoms are added to 1,2-bond crossed by the shortest z axis and 32,35-bond near the longest x axis in C78（C2v）,in agreement with the experiment of adducts for C78（C2v）. 1,2,32,35-C78O2 is more stable than 1,2,19,22-C78O2 by 0.12 kcal/mol and epoxide structures are formed in each isomer. Electronic spectra for C78O2 were investigated with INDO/CIS method. The reason of the blue-shift for UV absorptions of 1,2,32,35-C78O2 compared with that of C78（C2v） was discussed and electronic transition was theoretically assigned.

Electronic Structures and Spectra of the Bases and Base Pairs of Nucleic Acids

The present paper covers electronic structures and spectra of the bases and the base pairs of nucleic acids calculated by using the INDO/S method. For free bases we give the energy levels of ground states and transition energies of low-lying excited states and discuss the band characters. The results indicate that the calculated spectra are in good agreement with experimental values. On the other hand, our calculations for A-T and G-C pairs are very beneficial to understanding hydrogen bond properties of these pairs.

Studies on the Electronic Structures and Spectra of C_(78)(CH_2)_3

The structures and spectra of 20 possible isomers of C78（CH2）3 have been studied by using AMI, INDO/CIS and DFT methods. The results show that the most stable isomer is 1,2,3,4,5,6-C78（CH2）3 （A） with annulene structures, where three -CH2 groups are added to the 6/6 bonds located at the same hexagon passed by the shortest axis of C78 （C2v）. Compared with that of C78 （C2v）, the first absorption in the electronic spectrum of C78（CH2）3 （A） iS blue-shifted because of its wider LUMO-HOMO energy gap. While the IR frequencies of the C-C bonds on the carbon cage are red-shifted owing to the formation of annulene structures and the extension of the conjugated system. The chemical shifts of the carbon atoms in 13C NMR spectra are moved upfield upon the addition.

Investigation on Electronic Structures and Spectra for the Substituted Fullerene C_(77)B^-

The structures and stabilities of all the 21 possible isomers for C77B^- based on C78 （C2v） were studied by the INDO series of methods. The most two stable geometries are C77B^-（10） and C77B^-（7）, where B（10） and B（7） are located at the apexes among two hexagons and a pentagon near the shortest axis of C78 （C2v）, and the former is more stable than the latter by 0.1902 eV. Based on the optimized geometries, the electronic spectra of the C77B^- isomers were investigated with the INDO/CIS method and the electronic transitions were assigned. The reason for the red-shift of the first absorption peaks for C77B^- compared with that of C78 （C2v） was discussed.

Electronic Structures and Spectra of Isomers for C78O

The semi-empirical INDO method was used to study the electronic structures and the spectra of all of the 34 possible isomers of C78O based on C78 with group C2v. This calculation can simulate positions of an additional oxygen atom in C78 and predict the spectroscopic characteristics of the isomers. The most stable geometry of C78O is the 73,78-C78O molecule with an epoxide structure. The added 73,78-bond is located between two hexagons （6-6） and is intersected by the shortest C2 axis in C78 with group C2v. Atomic orbitals of the oxygen atom play an important role in lowering HOMO energy of 73,78-C78O. Compared with C78 with group C2v, the blue-shift in the electronic absorption spectrum for 73,78-C78O was observed. The reason of the blue-shift effect was discussed, and the electronic transitions were assigned based on the theoretical calculations.

Stability and electronic spectra of C_(76) N_2 isomers

Study of geometries of 16 possible isomers for C76N2 based on C78(C2v) by intermediate neglect of differential overlap (INDO) series of methods indicated that the most stable geometry 25,78-C76N2 where two nitrogen atoms substitute two apexes C(25) and C(78) near the shortest X axis and Y axis formed by two hexagons and a pentagon. Electronic structures and spectra of C76N2 were investigated. The reason for the red-shift for absorptions of C76N2 compared with that of C78(C2v) is discussed.

SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRONIC SPECTRA OF RUTNENIUM(Ⅱ)-1,1'-BIISOQUINOLINE COMPLEXES

l,l'-biisoquinoline can coordinate with ruthenfum(Ⅱ) to form a new series of mononuclear complexes and the electronic absorption of these complexes were measured and reasonably assigned.

Electronic Absorption Spectra of Copper(Ⅱ) Sulphophthalocyanine and Aggregation of the Dye in Aqueous Solution

Aggregation behavior of C.I.Direct Blue 86 was discussed using analyses of its UV-Vis spectra.The experiment results show that the dye molecules are inclined to aggregate in aqueous solution.Even in a very dilute solution of 0.050μmol/L,A618/A659 =1.2398,showing that the dye monomers still coexist with its dimers.The strong aggregation trend may cause dye precipitates at a higher concentration,which is an important factor that should be considered in producing a formula of ink-jet inks containing the dye as a colorant.

Four-Electron Systems in the Impurity Hubbard Model. Second Triplet State. Spectra of the System in the ν-Dimensional Lattice Zν

We consider an energy operator of four-electron system in the Impurity Hubbard model with a coupling between nearest-neighbors. The spectrum of the systems in the second triplet state in a ν-dimensional lattice is investigated. For investigation the structure of essential spectra and discrete spectrum of the energy operator of four-electron systems in an impurity Hubbard model, for which the momentum representation is convenient. In addition, we used the tensor products of Hilbert spaces and tensor products of operators in Hilbert spaces and described the structure of essential spectrum and discrete spectrum of the energy operator of four-electron systems in an impurity Hubbard model for the second triplet state of the system. The investigations show that the essential spectrum of the system consists of the union of no more than sixteen segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system consists of no more than eleven eigenvalues.

Electronic Absorption Spectra and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Property of Dinaphtho[2,3-b:2’,3’-d]Thiophene-5,7,12,13- Tetraone (DNTTRA) and Its Phenyldiazenyl Derivatives: DFT Calculations

Third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have broad application prospects in high-density data storage, optical computer, modern laser technology, and other high-tech industries. The structures and frequencies of Dinaphtho[2,3-b:2’,3’-d]thiophene-5,7,12,13-tetraone (DNTTRA) and its 36 derivatives containing azobenzene were calculated by using density functional theory B3LYP and M06-2X methods at 6-311++g(d, p) level, respectively. Besides, the atomic charges of natural bond orbitals (NBO) were analyzed. The frontier orbitals and electron absorption spectra of A-G5 molecule were calculated by TD-DFT (TD-B3LYP/6-311++g(d, p) and TD-M06-2X/6-311++g(d, p)). The NLO properties were calculated by effective finite field FF method and self-compiled program. The results show that 36 molecules of these six series are D-π-A-π-D structures. The third-order NLO coefficients γ (second-order hyperpolarizability) of the D series molecules are the largest among the six series, reaching 107 atomic units (10-33 esu) of order of magnitude, showing good third-order NLO properties. Last, the third-order NLO properties of the azobenzene ring can be improved by introducing strong electron donor groups (e.g. -N(CH3)2 or -NHCH3) in the azobenzene ring, so that the third-order NLO materials with good performance can be obtained.

Size Effect on the Raman Spectra and Electronic Structure of the Glycine-alanine Oligopeptide Chains

A theoretical study on oligopeptide chains of glycine-alanine by density functional theory（DFT） is given in this paper. Raman spectra of the oligopeptide chains are examined. The geometric structures, frontier orbital, energy gap, atomic charge distribution, density of states and chemical activity of the side chain are studied at the B3LYP/6-31G（d） level. Results show that, with the number of residues increasing, vibrations of typical functional groups present Raman frequency shift, and the energy gap is gradually reduced. The HOMO and LUMO focus on the amino and carboxyl at the ends of oligopeptides. It is helpful for oligopeptides to self-assemble into chains. In addition, different residues（glycine or alanine） at the ends of chains result in the even-odd effect of orbital energy in the growth process. The size effects of physical and chemical properties only exist when the oligopeptides are shorter, and the phenomenon disappeared as the chain continues to grow.

QUANTUM CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND SPECTRA OF[Mo_3O_4-nSn]^(4+)(n=O-4)CLUSTER CATIONS

The electronic structure and spectra of [Mo3O4-nSn]^(4+)(n=0-4) cations were calculated by means of INDO/CI quantum chemistry method to account for the experimental data of their spectra in water solutions.

A PAT STUDY OF INFLUENCES OF PRECIPITATION ON DEFECTS AND ELECTRONIC DENSITY IN Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr ALLOYS

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Measurement of Secondary Electron Energy Spectra of Polymethyl Methacrylate

We report on a novel and convenient method of measuring secondary electron spectra for insulators in a secondary electron yield measurement system with a planar grid analyzer configuration and a metal mesh probe. In this measurement, the planar grid is negatively biased to force some emitted secondary electrons to return to the sample surface and to neutralize charges accumulated on the sample during the previous beam irradiation. The surface potential of the sample is then measured by use of a metal mesh probe. The grid bias for neutralization corresponding to the zero surface potential is determined based on the linear relationship between the surface potential and the grid bias. Once the surface potential equals zero, the secondary electron spectra of polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA） are studied experimentally by measuring the -curve and then fitting it to Everhart＇s formula. The measurement results show that the peak energy and the full width at half maximum of the spectra are 4.26 eV and 14.06 eV, respectively.

Spectra of the Energy Operator of Four-Electron Systems in the Impurity Hubbard Model. Triplet State

We consider the energy operator of four-electron systems in an impurity Hubbard model and investigated the structure of essential spectra and discrete spectrum of the system in the first triplet state in a one-dimensional lattice. For investigation the structure of essential spectra and discrete spectrum of the energy operator of four-electron systems in an impurity Hubbard model, for which the momentum representation is convenient. In addition, we used the tensor products of Hilbert spaces and tensor products of operators in Hilbert spaces and described the structure of essential spectrum and discrete spectrum of the energy operator of four-electron systems in an impurity Hubbard model. The investigations show that there are such cases: 1) the essential spectrum of the system consists of the union of no more than eight segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system consists of no more than three eigenvalues;2) the essential spectrum of the system consists of the union of no more than sixteen segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system consists of no more than eleven eigenvalues;3) the essential spectrum of the system consists of the union of no more than three segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system is the empty set. Consequently, the essential spectrum of the system consists of the union of no more than sixteen segments, and the discrete spectrum of the system consists of no more than eleven eigenvalues.

Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Calculation on Dinuclear Gold(Ⅰ) Complexes──Metal-Metal Interaction and Electronic Structure of Binuclear Gold(Ⅰ) Complexes with Bridging Bidentate Ligands

The electronic structure and electronic absorption spectra of binuclear Au(Ⅰ) complexes with bidentate phophines and a bidentate ylid ligand have been studied using quasirelativistic pseudopotential ab initio calculations at the HF and MP2 levels by the LANL2DZ basis sets. The electronic properties of the spectral transition and Au(Ⅰ)—Au(Ⅰ) interaction were also discussed.

Effect of local structure on electron paramagnetic resonance spectra for trigonal [Cr(H_2O)_6]^(3+) coordination complex in the sulfate alums series:a ligand field theory study

A simple theoretical method is introduced for studying the interrelation between electronic and molecular structures.By diagonalizing the 120 × 120 complete energy matrices,the relationships between zero-field splitting （ZFS） parameter D and local distortion parameter △θ for Cr^3＋ ions doped,separately,in α- and β- alums are investigated.Our results indicate that there exists an approximately linear relationship between D and △θ in a temperature range 4.2-297 K and the signs of D and △θ are opposite to each other.Moreover,in order to understand the contribution of spin-orbit coupling coefficient ζ to ZFS parameter D,the relation between D and ζ is also discussed.

Electronic Structure Analysis of USiO_4

Uranium is a member of Actinides and plays important role in nuclear science and technology. Electronicand structural investigations of actinide compounds attract major interest in science. The electronic structure andchemical bonding of coffinite USiO_4 are investigated by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure spectroscopy (XAFS). U L_3-edge absorption spectrum in USiO_4 is compared with U L_3-edge spectra in UO_2 and UTe due to their different electronicand chemical structures. The study presents XANES (x-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure) and Extended XAFS(EXAFS) calculations of USiO_4 thin films. The full multiple scattering approach has been applied to the calculation ofU L_3 edge XANES spectra of USiO_4, UO_2 and UTe, based on different choices of one electron potentials according toUranium coordinations by using the real space multiple scattering method FEFF 8.2 code.

Angle-Resolved Electron Spectra of F^- Ions by Few-Cycle Laser Pulses

The above-threshold detachment of F- ions induced by a linearly polarized few-cycle laser pulse is investigated theoretically using the strong-field approximation model without considering the rescattering mechanism. We first derive an analytical form of transition amplitude for describing the strong-field photodetachment of F- ions. The integration over time in transition amplitude can be performed using the numerical integration method or the saddle-point （SP） method of Shearer et al. [Phys. Rev. A 88 （2013） 033415]. The validity of the SP method is carefully examined by comparing the energy spectra and photoelectron angular distributions （PADs） with those obtained from the numerical integration method. By considering the volume effect of a focused laser beam, both the energy spectra and the low-energy PADs calculated by the numerical integration method agree very well with the experimental results.