The studies show that in the whole community, P is deficient, and N and K are basically balanced. N, P and K are accumulated in plant tissues and litters, but depleted in soil. N and P contents in surface soil(0—20 ...The studies show that in the whole community, P is deficient, and N and K are basically balanced. N, P and K are accumulated in plant tissues and litters, but depleted in soil. N and P contents in surface soil(0—20 cm) are the main factors affecting crop growth, and P contents in 20 80 cm soil layer is the major affecting Paulownia elongata growth. The absorption coefficients of N, P and K in the communities are 0 078, 0 014 and 0 052 respectively, their utilization coefficients are 0 95, 0 90 and 0 94, and the recycling coefficients are 0 042, 0 05 and 0 063 respectively.展开更多
Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and...Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and structural control scientifically. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems aim for sustainable development in terms of industry, ecology, resource utilization, and the livelihoods of producers. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems create a complex production structure system that integrates biology, society, and the economy through species combinations. Rubber trees and associated biological components coordinate with each other, mutually promote growth, and yield a variety of products for producers. Cultivation techniques and patterns of rubber agroforestry are essential components of these ecosystems. This study analyzes the production practices of rubber agroforestry complex cultivation, with a focus on the development and characteristics (complexity, systematicity, intensity, and hierarchy) of rubber agroforestry systems using a literature analysis and a survey approach. It explores the types and scales of complex planting, specifications and forms, and major effects of complex cultivation. This study identifies successful rubber agroforestry cultivation patterns and practical techniques, as well as the potential benefits of developing rubber agroforestry cultivation. It also points out the shortcomings in the development of complex planting, including an emphasis on production practices but insufficient theoretical research, a focus on production but inadequate attention to the market, and an emphasis on yield while overlooking the improvement of standards, brands, and added value. There are various complex patterns for young rubber plantations, but relatively fewer for mature plantations. Based on this analysis, this study suggests that future efforts should focus on in-depth research on interspecies and environmental interactions in rubber agroforestry ecosystems, clearly define key roles, accelerate the innovation of development patterns, and strengthen the foundation for development. It recommends promoting and demonstrating successful rubber agroforestry complex patterns and providing technical training, developing product branding for rubber agroforestry patterns, enhancing product value, expanding the application functions of rubber-forest mixed crop products, and establishing a stable and sustainable industry chain. This study provide practical experience and theoretical insights in rubber agroforestry complex systems from China the potential to enrich the knowledge of rubber agroforestry composite systems, provide practical experience to improve the operating income of smallholders, and even promote the sustainable development of rubber plantations.展开更多
Rubber agroforestry systems positively impact soil microbial communities. This study employed a bibliometric approach to explore the research status, hotspots, and development trends related to these effects. Using Ci...Rubber agroforestry systems positively impact soil microbial communities. This study employed a bibliometric approach to explore the research status, hotspots, and development trends related to these effects. Using CiteSpace software, we visually analyzed research literature from the Web of Science (WOS) core database, spanning 2004 to 2024. The focus was on the impact of rubber agroforestry ecosystems on soil microbial communities. The results indicate significant attention from Chinese researchers, who have published numerous influential papers in this field. Authors Liu Wenjie have contributed the most papers, although no stable core author group exists. The Chinese Academy of Sciences is the leading research institution in terms of publication volume. While there is close collaboration between different institutions and countries, the intensity of researcher cooperation is low. The most cited literature emphasizes soil nutrients and structure in rubber agroforestry, laying a foundation for soil microorganism studies. Most cited journals are from countries like Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Key research areas include the effects of rubber intercropping on soil microbial communities, agroforestry management, and soil health. Research development can be divided into three stages: the initial stage (2010-2015), the development stage (2015-2020), and the mature stage (2020-2024). Current studies show that rubber intercropping and rubber-based agroforestry systems enhance soil microbial communities, positively impacting soil health. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of rubber agroforestry systems and improved management plans. Future research could explore the effects of species composition on soil microbiological characteristics and develop methods for species interactions. An in-depth study of the soil microbial community’s structure and function, and its relationship with rubber trees, is crucial. Developing effective, rationally designed rubber agroforestry systems and underground soil microbiome technology will promote sustainability and improve plantation productivity.展开更多
【目的】采用18S r DNA PCR-DGGE技术研究苦楝-小麦农林复合生态系统根际及非根际土壤真菌群落结构,以期揭示农林复合生态系统中伴生树种对作物根际真菌群落的影响,为农林复合经营实践提供理论参考。【方法】提取根际和非根际土壤真菌D...【目的】采用18S r DNA PCR-DGGE技术研究苦楝-小麦农林复合生态系统根际及非根际土壤真菌群落结构,以期揭示农林复合生态系统中伴生树种对作物根际真菌群落的影响,为农林复合经营实践提供理论参考。【方法】提取根际和非根际土壤真菌DNA,采用通用引物GC-FR1和FF390扩增18S r DNA基因目的片段,扩增片段用变性梯度凝胶电泳分析;不同处理间微生物群落结构的相似性采用非加权组算术平均法分析比较;以物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数3个指标评价各样品真菌多样性;最后将DGGE图谱中的优势条带割胶测序并建立系统发育树。【结果】根际真菌群落结构和多样性远比非根际土壤复杂,且根际土壤样品DGGE电泳图谱中优势条带数也比非根际土壤样品多。进一步采用非加权组算术平均法对不同处理间真菌群落结构的相似性进行分析,发现每个处理组3次重复间的相似度除苦楝根际土壤外均大于70%;在聚类分析图中所有处理明显分为3个组,相似度为51%;小麦根际真菌菌群与苦楝-小麦农林复合系统中的小麦根际真菌相似性最高,相似度为72%,表明苦楝对小麦根际真菌群落的影响不大;苦楝根际真菌菌群与其他各组间差异较大,相似度仅为51%。主成分分析结果也表明所有处理明显分为3个群组。多样性分析结果表明,各处理组根际真菌之间以及非根际真菌间丰富度差异均不明显,而苦楝-小麦农林复合系统中的小麦及苦楝根际真菌丰富度显著高于非根际真菌;根际真菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数存在显著差异,非根际真菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异不显著;根际真菌及非根际真菌各组间均匀度指数差异不大,而小麦-苦楝农林复合系统中的小麦以及苦楝根际真菌与非根际真菌均匀度指数存在明显差异。此外,DGGE图谱中的11条优势条带克隆测序结果表明,3条条带为不能培养的真菌,其余8条条带对应的同源性最高的序列分别属于球囊菌门、担子菌门、子囊菌门和半知菌亚门。【结论】小麦-苦楝农林复合系统中的小麦根际真菌丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度均比单纯小麦根际真菌高,表明此复合系统中伴生的苦楝可增加小麦根际真菌的多样性。展开更多
文摘The studies show that in the whole community, P is deficient, and N and K are basically balanced. N, P and K are accumulated in plant tissues and litters, but depleted in soil. N and P contents in surface soil(0—20 cm) are the main factors affecting crop growth, and P contents in 20 80 cm soil layer is the major affecting Paulownia elongata growth. The absorption coefficients of N, P and K in the communities are 0 078, 0 014 and 0 052 respectively, their utilization coefficients are 0 95, 0 90 and 0 94, and the recycling coefficients are 0 042, 0 05 and 0 063 respectively.
文摘Agroforestry ecosystems are constructed by simulating natural ecosystems, applying the principles of symbiosis in nature, and organizing multiple plant populations to coexist, while conducting targeted cultivation and structural control scientifically. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems aim for sustainable development in terms of industry, ecology, resource utilization, and the livelihoods of producers. Rubber agroforestry complex ecosystems create a complex production structure system that integrates biology, society, and the economy through species combinations. Rubber trees and associated biological components coordinate with each other, mutually promote growth, and yield a variety of products for producers. Cultivation techniques and patterns of rubber agroforestry are essential components of these ecosystems. This study analyzes the production practices of rubber agroforestry complex cultivation, with a focus on the development and characteristics (complexity, systematicity, intensity, and hierarchy) of rubber agroforestry systems using a literature analysis and a survey approach. It explores the types and scales of complex planting, specifications and forms, and major effects of complex cultivation. This study identifies successful rubber agroforestry cultivation patterns and practical techniques, as well as the potential benefits of developing rubber agroforestry cultivation. It also points out the shortcomings in the development of complex planting, including an emphasis on production practices but insufficient theoretical research, a focus on production but inadequate attention to the market, and an emphasis on yield while overlooking the improvement of standards, brands, and added value. There are various complex patterns for young rubber plantations, but relatively fewer for mature plantations. Based on this analysis, this study suggests that future efforts should focus on in-depth research on interspecies and environmental interactions in rubber agroforestry ecosystems, clearly define key roles, accelerate the innovation of development patterns, and strengthen the foundation for development. It recommends promoting and demonstrating successful rubber agroforestry complex patterns and providing technical training, developing product branding for rubber agroforestry patterns, enhancing product value, expanding the application functions of rubber-forest mixed crop products, and establishing a stable and sustainable industry chain. This study provide practical experience and theoretical insights in rubber agroforestry complex systems from China the potential to enrich the knowledge of rubber agroforestry composite systems, provide practical experience to improve the operating income of smallholders, and even promote the sustainable development of rubber plantations.
文摘Rubber agroforestry systems positively impact soil microbial communities. This study employed a bibliometric approach to explore the research status, hotspots, and development trends related to these effects. Using CiteSpace software, we visually analyzed research literature from the Web of Science (WOS) core database, spanning 2004 to 2024. The focus was on the impact of rubber agroforestry ecosystems on soil microbial communities. The results indicate significant attention from Chinese researchers, who have published numerous influential papers in this field. Authors Liu Wenjie have contributed the most papers, although no stable core author group exists. The Chinese Academy of Sciences is the leading research institution in terms of publication volume. While there is close collaboration between different institutions and countries, the intensity of researcher cooperation is low. The most cited literature emphasizes soil nutrients and structure in rubber agroforestry, laying a foundation for soil microorganism studies. Most cited journals are from countries like Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Key research areas include the effects of rubber intercropping on soil microbial communities, agroforestry management, and soil health. Research development can be divided into three stages: the initial stage (2010-2015), the development stage (2015-2020), and the mature stage (2020-2024). Current studies show that rubber intercropping and rubber-based agroforestry systems enhance soil microbial communities, positively impacting soil health. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of rubber agroforestry systems and improved management plans. Future research could explore the effects of species composition on soil microbiological characteristics and develop methods for species interactions. An in-depth study of the soil microbial community’s structure and function, and its relationship with rubber trees, is crucial. Developing effective, rationally designed rubber agroforestry systems and underground soil microbiome technology will promote sustainability and improve plantation productivity.
文摘【目的】采用18S r DNA PCR-DGGE技术研究苦楝-小麦农林复合生态系统根际及非根际土壤真菌群落结构,以期揭示农林复合生态系统中伴生树种对作物根际真菌群落的影响,为农林复合经营实践提供理论参考。【方法】提取根际和非根际土壤真菌DNA,采用通用引物GC-FR1和FF390扩增18S r DNA基因目的片段,扩增片段用变性梯度凝胶电泳分析;不同处理间微生物群落结构的相似性采用非加权组算术平均法分析比较;以物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数3个指标评价各样品真菌多样性;最后将DGGE图谱中的优势条带割胶测序并建立系统发育树。【结果】根际真菌群落结构和多样性远比非根际土壤复杂,且根际土壤样品DGGE电泳图谱中优势条带数也比非根际土壤样品多。进一步采用非加权组算术平均法对不同处理间真菌群落结构的相似性进行分析,发现每个处理组3次重复间的相似度除苦楝根际土壤外均大于70%;在聚类分析图中所有处理明显分为3个组,相似度为51%;小麦根际真菌菌群与苦楝-小麦农林复合系统中的小麦根际真菌相似性最高,相似度为72%,表明苦楝对小麦根际真菌群落的影响不大;苦楝根际真菌菌群与其他各组间差异较大,相似度仅为51%。主成分分析结果也表明所有处理明显分为3个群组。多样性分析结果表明,各处理组根际真菌之间以及非根际真菌间丰富度差异均不明显,而苦楝-小麦农林复合系统中的小麦及苦楝根际真菌丰富度显著高于非根际真菌;根际真菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数存在显著差异,非根际真菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异不显著;根际真菌及非根际真菌各组间均匀度指数差异不大,而小麦-苦楝农林复合系统中的小麦以及苦楝根际真菌与非根际真菌均匀度指数存在明显差异。此外,DGGE图谱中的11条优势条带克隆测序结果表明,3条条带为不能培养的真菌,其余8条条带对应的同源性最高的序列分别属于球囊菌门、担子菌门、子囊菌门和半知菌亚门。【结论】小麦-苦楝农林复合系统中的小麦根际真菌丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度均比单纯小麦根际真菌高,表明此复合系统中伴生的苦楝可增加小麦根际真菌的多样性。
