Narrowing Gap Between Rich and Poor

Inequality in distribution has become an issue of public concern in China. Incomes of the Chinese people have grown year after year ever since the reform and opening era began in the late 1970s. Meanwhile, the income gap between urban and rural residents has widened constantly, from 1.8:1 in the mid-1980s to 3.2:1 in 2003. In a report entitled Analysis and Forecast of China's Social Conditions 2004-2005, experts with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences listed the widening income gaps as the second most serious of the six problems China is facing. The report notes that such gaps have kept widening not only between individual workers in the same profession but also between workers in different industries and regions. In view of this, the national economic work conference held in early January called for effort to improve the order of income distribution and readjust the distribution of national wealth in an appropriate manner. How to view the problem of inequality in distribution as we see now? How the divide of the rich and the poor affects the improvement of human rights? What should be done to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor? We have dis- cussed these questions with two leading social scientists in China, Sun Guohua, pro- fessor of law at the Renmin University of China and Prof. Hu Angang of Qinghua University, a noted expert in study of the conditions in China.

In, Sn, Pb and Zn Contents and Their Relationships in Ore-forming Fluids from Some In-rich and In-poor Deposits in China

All the indium-rich deposits with indium contents in ores more than 100×10^-6 seems to be of cassiterite-sulfide deposits or Sn-bearing Pb-Zn deposits, e.g., in the Dachang Sn deposit in Guangxi, the Dulong Sn-Zn deposit in Yunnan, and the Meng＇entaolegai Ag-Pb-Zn deposit in Inner Mongolia, the indium contents in ores range from 98×10^-6 to 236×10^-6 and show a good positive correlation with contents of zinc and tin, and their correlation coefficients are 0.8781 and 0.7430, respectively. The indium contents from such Sn-poor deposits as the Fozichong Pb-Zn deposit in Guangxi and the Huanren Pb-Zn deposit in Liaoning are generally lower than 10×10^-6, i.e., whether tin is present or not in a deposit implies the enrichment extent of indium in ores. Whether the In enrichment itself in the ore -forming fluids or the ore-forming conditions has actually caused the enrichment/depletion of indium in the deposits？ After studying the fluid inclusions in quartz crystallized at the main stage of mineralization of several In-rich and In-poor deposits in China, this paper analyzed the contents and studied the variation trend of In, Sn, Pb and Zn in the ore-forming fluids. The results show that the contents of lead and zinc in the ore-forming fluids of In-rich and -poor deposits are at the same level, and the lead contents range from 22×10^-6 to 81×10^-6 and zinc from 164×10^-6 to 309×10^-6, while the contents of indium and tin in the ore-forming fluids of In-rich deposits are far higher than those of Inpoor deposits, with a difference of 1-2 orders of magnitude. Indium and tin contents in ore-forming fluid of In-rich deposits are 1.9×10^-6-4.1×10^-6 and 7×10^-6-55×10^-6, and there is a very good positive correlation between the two elements, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9552. Indium and tin contents in ore-forming fluid of In-poor deposits are 0.03×10^-6-0.09×10^-6 and 0.4×10^-6-2.0×10^-6, respectively, and there is no apparent correlation between them. This indicates, on one hand, that In-rich oreforming fluids are the material basis for the formation of In-rich deposits, and, on the other hand, tin probably played a very important role in the transport and enrichment of indium.

Poor rich demarcation of Matthew effect on scale-free systems and its application

In a scale-free network, only a minority of nodes are connected very often, while the majority of nodes are connected rarely. However, what is the ratio of minority nodes to majority nodes resulting from the Matthew effect？ In this paper, based on a simple preferential random model, the poor-rich demarcation points are found to vary in a limited range, and form a poor-rich demarcation interval that approximates to k/m E [3,4]. As a result, the （cumulative） degree distribution of a scale-free network can be divided into three intervals： the poor interval, the demarcation interval and the rich interval. The inequality of the degree distribution in each interval is measured. Finally, the Matthew effect is applied to the ABC analysis of project management.

Species Richness, Diversity and Density of Understory Vegetation along Disturbance Gradients in the Himalayan Conifer Forest

We investigated whether species richness, diversity and density of understory herbaceous plants differed along logging(gap) and grazing(primarily by cattle) disturbance gradients, and sought to identify drivers of richness, diversity and density of understory vegetation of logged sites. A factorial experiment was conducted in the mixed conifer forest of Gidakom in Western Bhutan. Levels of the logging treatment included small(0.15 – 0.24 ha), medium(0.25 – 0.35 ha) and large(0.36 – 1.31 ha) gaps. The grazing treatment included grazed(primarily by cattle) and ungrazed(where herbivores were excluded by a fence) plots nested within each gap. Data were collected from 12 gaps(4 replicates at each level of logging) using the point intercept method. Shannon Weaver Diversity and Margalef's indices were used to estimate species diversity and describe species richness, respectively. Soil samples were analyzed for pH and nutrients. The interaction effect of logging and grazing was significant(p≤0.001) only on species diversity. Relative to ungrazed areas, species diversity was significantly higher(0.01≤p≤0.05) in medium grazed gaps. Under grazed conditions, soil P was negatively correlated with gap size and species diversity. While species diversity was positivelycorrelated(0.01≤p≤0.05) with soil N in grazed plots species richness was positively correlated(0.001≤p≤0.01) with soil N in ungrazed plots. Relative density of Yushania microphylla and Carex nubigena were higher under ungrazed conditions. Our study suggests that the combined effect of cattle grazing and logging results in higher species diversity of understory vegetation in medium and grazed gaps in mixed conifer forests of Bhutan,whereas increase or decrease in relative density of major species is determined primarily by the independent effects of grazing and logging. From management perspective, forest managers must refrain from creating large gaps to avoid loss of nutrients(mainly P and N), which may eventually affect tree regeneration. Managers intending to maintain understory vegetation diversity must consider the combined effects of grazing and logging, ensuring low to moderate grazing pressure.

Analyzing the Impacts of Minimum Wage Standards on Reducing the Working Poor in China

During the past decades, the transformation of the labor market has significantly impacted on workers＇ wage structures and their employment in China. Along with the widening wage gaps and the growing income inequalities, the size of non-standard jobs expanded rapidly in China＇s urban labor market. As a result of this, the concept of working poor has become increasingly applicable to social and labor market realities in China, Based on the household survey data and by using quantitative analysis, this paper attempts to examine the interaction between the compulsory minimum wage standards and the working poor in the period of China＇s economic transition. The results show that for those whose monthly wages higher than the compulsory minimum wage standards were less likely to work poor and that workers with wages lower than the minimum wage floor were vulnerable to working poor, which supported the expectation that the implementation of compulsory minimum wages would help to reduce the risk of being a member among the working poor in China＇s urban labor market.

The Rich Help the Poor

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On the Pain Points and Governance of the Constructionof the Socialist Market Economy in Contemporary China

经过3 0 多年的改革开放,中国的社会主义市场经济建设取得了丰硕成果,成为了中国特色社会主义制度的重要支柱,奠定了建设全面小康社会的坚实基础.但是,随着我国经济步入深化发展与转型调整阶段,市场的优化配置功能在社会管理、公共产品供应等民生问题上出现了越位、缺位等异化现象,引发了官民对立、干群关系紧张、贫富两极分化、社会保障缺失等不和谐问题,严重掣肘了中国社会主义市场经济的健康与持续发展D 为治理上述痛点,论文提出了党要坚持执政为民的治国理念、完善社会考评制度、合理分配社会财富、健全社会保障体系等治理上的一些简单思路,以起抛砖引玉之效.

Neutron-Capture Elements in the Double-Enhanced Star HE 1305-0007： a New s- and r-Process Paradigm

The star HE 1305-0007 is a metal-poor double-enhanced star with metallicity [Fe/H] = -2.0, which is just at the upper limit of the metallicity for the observed double-enhanced stars. Using a parametric model, we find that almost all s-elements were made in a single neutron exposure. This star should be a member of a post-commonenvelope binary. After the s-process material has experienced only one neutron exposure in the nucleosynthesis region and is dredged-up to its envelope, the AGB evolution is terminated by the onset of common-envelope evolution. Based on the high radial-velocity of HE 1305-0007, we speculate that the star could be a runaway star from a binary system, in which the AIC event has occurred and produced the r-process elements.

基尼系数测度贫富差距的一种改进方法

基尼系数是测度贫富差距的重要指标,但是洛伦兹曲线的构造使得基尼系数存在结构性局限,即代表着不同的贫富差距情况的两条洛伦兹曲线可能对应着同一个基尼系数,仅凭基尼系数无法反映贫富差距的结构特征。文章提出将洛伦兹曲线上切线斜率为1的点叫做平均增长点,每条洛伦兹曲线有且仅有一个平均增长点,洛伦兹曲线切线斜率具有单调性,可以通过引入平均增长点,与基尼系数共同测度贫富差距,突破单纯依靠基尼系数测度贫富差距的结构性局限。

GAP贫氧推进剂组分的常压热分解特性研究

采用 DSC方法研究了 GAP贫氧推进剂主要组分 (AP、KP、AP/KP、GAP)的常压热分解特性 ,同时考察了 TMO催化剂对上述体系热分解特性的影响。实验结果表明 ,TMO催化剂对 GAP、AP和

GAP贫氧推进剂及其组分的热失重特性研究

采用热失重法 (TG)和微分热重法 (TGA)研究了聚缩水甘油叠氮化合物 (GAP)贫氧推进剂及其主要组分 (AP、KP、AP/KP、GAP)的常压热分解特性 ,考察了过渡金属氧化物 (TMO )催化剂对上述体系热分解特性的影响。实验结果表明 ,TMO催化剂对GAP、AP。

GAP贫氧推进剂的常压热分解特性研究

采用 DSC方法研究了 GAP模拟贫氧推进剂的常压热分解特性 ,同时考察了 TMO催化剂对 GAP模拟贫氧推进剂热分解特性的影响。实验结果表明 ,TMO催化剂对 GAP、AP和 KP的催化作用不同 ,复配催化剂可能是

AP/KP/GAP富燃料推进剂的热分解特性

用差示扫描量热实验和高压差热分析法 ,分析、研究了GAP模拟富燃料推进剂的常压和高压热分解特性 ,同时考察了过渡金属氧化物 (TMO)催化剂对GAP模拟富燃料推进剂热分解特性的影响。实验结果表明 ,TMO催化剂对GAP ,AP和KP的催化作用不同 。

主佃借贷与贫富相资——对宋代契约租佃制下富民借贷的探讨

宋代是我国古代民间借贷关系空前发展的重要时期。随着富民阶层的崛起和契约租佃主导地位的确立,民间借贷关系与契约租佃关系的结合表现得越来越紧密,有效地实现了生产要素的优化配置,逐渐成为当时重要的制度选择和制度安排。而宋政府也逐渐认识并重视这一点,利用主佃借贷来实现贫富相资,促进了乡村经济的稳定和发展。

Co_(3)O_(4)@碳纤维诱导贫/富电子中心活化PMS高效降解2,4-二氯酚

【目的】工业快速发展导致水体中氯酚类污染物含量上升,对生态系统和人类生存发展造成影响,高效降解工业废水中难降解污染物2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)成为。【方法】通过一步浸渍法制备了具有贫/富电子活性中心的Co_(3)O_(4)包覆碳纤维催化剂(Co_(3)O_(4)@CF),并应用于活化过硫酸盐降解2,4-DCP研究中。【结果】研究结果表明,Co_(3)O_(4)被均匀的涂覆在具有规则骨架结构的碳纤维表面,在Co(Ⅱ)-π的相互作用下形成了富电子钴中心和贫电子碳中心。在pH值为3.0~7.8,2,4-DCP的质量浓度为50mg/L,Co_(3)O_(4)@CF质量浓度为0.1g/L,PMS浓度为10mmol/L的初始条件下,Co_(3)O_(4)@CF在20min内可实现2,4-DCP的完全降解。在此过程中,Co_(3)O_(4)@CF可诱导反应体系中电子从贫电子中心向富电子中心转移,实现Co_(3+)的快速还原和PMS的快速活化。表征结果也进一步证明,碳纤维不仅可以作为载体,还可以通过其结构缺陷参与过硫酸盐活化的链式自由基反应,从而促进SO_(4)^(-)·转换为1O_(2)和O_(2)^(-)·,达到高效降解2,4-DCP的目的。

共同富裕:从马克思的现代性批判到中国式现代化

贫富分化是资本主义现代性危机的重要表征,也是马克思现代性批判的重要切入点。马克思揭示了以生产资料私人占有制为基础的资本主义现代化必然造成劳动与财产、劳动与所有权的内在分离,使得“生产和社会福利的这两个杠杆不能结合起来”,进而导致贫富分化的现代性困境,并使现代文明有陷入堕落境遇的危险。为此,马克思建构了一种以“所有的人富裕”为本质规定之一的社会主义现代性,它是对以贫富分化为重要表征的资本主义现代性危机的积极扬弃,指向超越整个现代性本身并创造一种新文明类型的终极目标。在中国式现代化的历史性实践中,中国共产党人将马克思现代性思想运用于中国现实场域并同中华优秀传统文化相结合,创造性地提出了“共同富裕”这一作为中国式现代化本质要求之一的理念与目标,不断推进与拓展中国式现代化,并为以共同富裕为重要标识之一的人类文明新形态创造了现实可能性。

元宇宙视域下贫富差距的问题分析和治理之策

元宇宙以前所未有的方式深层次地影响了人类社会,并可能导致人类社会的贫富差距进一步扩大。究其原因,元宇宙由于其经济技术和人员的门槛过高,容易导致资本垄断资源,并进一步加剧资本对劳动者的剥削,进而导致人类社会贫富差距拉大。有鉴于此,出于对元宇宙发展带来的人类社会贫富差距的警思,应考虑以普惠发展来降低其门槛,以制度建构来规制资源合理分配,以技术和法律规制来削弱资本对劳动者的剥削,从而有效解决元宇宙发展带来的贫富差距问题,造福人类社会。

Rejuvenation of Ovary and Thin Endometrium by Autologous PRP Injection in POR and Recurrent Implantation Failure

In India, the problem of infertility is growing and in the last 5 years, it has gone up to 20% - 30%. This ongoing prospective clinical study brings forth a novel, innovative, effective, simple, affordable, easily performed outpatient procedure (OP) and a promising therapeutic method in rejuvenating the Ageing Ovaries and Thin Endometrium, with autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP). This clinical study proves to give a better result in rejuvenating Ovary and treating the Thin Endometrium. This pilot study included five women (28 - 44 years) with Poor Ovarian Response (POR), Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) and Perimenopause and Thirty-nine women (22 - 43 years.) with recurrent implantation failure due to Thin Endometrium were subjected to autologous PRP instillation under Ultrasound Guidance, and Hysteroscopic guided PRP. After PRP, a significant output was obtained, with improved Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and Antral Follicle Count (AFC) and out of five women three women conceived by Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). PRP injected in women with Poor Ovarian Response found successful ovarian rejuvenation within 1 - 3 months and had a 60% of pregnancy rate, PRP into the endometrium had 53.8% successful pregnancies. We have not encountered any complications.

Genetic causes of oil-rich and oil-poor reservoirs: Implications from two Cenozoic basins in the eastern North China Craton

The Bohai Bay and Hehuai(southern North China) rift basins in the eastern part of the North China Craton are southnorth-adjacent. They have shown synchronous evolutionary processes, and possess generally identical superficial and shallow structural characteristics as well as similar basin areas. However, there is a large difference in the richness of oil resources between the two basins. The Bohai Bay Basin has extremely abundant oil reserves, while commercial oil reserves have not been found in the Hehuai Basin. The deep tectonic structures, magmatic activities, and modern and paleo-geothermal fields of the two basins are significantly different. Compared with the Hehuai Basin, the Bohai Bay Basin has a thinner crust and more complex structure with multiple low-velocity layers. It is also characterized by intense magmatic activity, high modern and paleogeothermal fields, frequent seismic activity, and active deep interactions, small effective elastic thickness of the isotropic lithosphere, and shorter balanced transformation wavelength of the lithosphere with a high likelihood of local compensation. The Hehuai Basin has a simple deep structure and homogeneous crustal composition, with a high likelihood of regional compensation. The characteristics of the deep structures mentioned above are generally similar to those of the southern part of the stable Ordos Basin, except for the smaller crust thickness. This indicates the presence of differences in Mesozoic destruction between the southern and northern zones in the eastern part of the North China Craton. The northern zone was subjected to significant destruction, while the southern zone was subjected to modifications, primarily in the form of local changes in the structures and/or properties of the crust or lithospheric mantle, with the overall structure and stability of the craton kept intact. The formation of high-quality source rock is primarily influenced by the abnormal flourishment of organisms in water bodies during the syndepositional period, and is also strongly associated with the high geothermal setting of basins and nutrients from hydrothermal solutions and volcanoes. In other words, it is mainly controlled by deep processes and deep-major fault activity. The differences in the deep structures and modern and paleo geothermal fields of the two basins correspond to the difference in richness of oil resources, suggesting that there is an important internal or causal relationship between the two aspects. This viewpoint coincides with the conditions and environments required for the development of high-quality source rock in hydrocarbon-rich basins(sags)in China and other countries, and is evidenced by the modern lake basin of the East African Rift. A new hydrocarbon generation model is proposed in this work: petroleum is a comprehensive product of the integration of bioenergy, thermal energy, and other related energies(such as chemical and kinetic energy) and their interactions; the degree of richness of petroleum is generally controlled by the regional tectonic structure, thermal environment, and deep processes; nonmarine basins or depressions with abundant resources are closely related to active deep processes, intense exchange of material between the deep and shallow layers, participation of external hydrocarbons, and energy integration and conversion.