Resource Dependence Relationship between Grass-roots Government and Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

Based on theories of resource dependence and government functions,this paper analyzed benefit interaction between grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives in Hubei Province. It was intended to make clear the path dependence relationship between grassroots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives and find out problems in between. Besides,from the perspective of grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives,it came up with corresponding recommendations,to promote constant improvement of farmers' specialized cooperatives,and help them to become key forces of leading farmers to get rich,pull agricultural economic development,and promote new socialist countryside construction.

The Grass-Roots Governance of the National Government in Tianjin Recovery Area After the Triumph of the Anti-Japanese War

The national government wants to penetrate into the grass-roots unit after the triumph of the Anti-Japanese War in the recovery area.Through the reorganization of the Baojia system,the government expects to achieve local autonomy and then solve the people’s livelihood issues.The new Baojia system provides a platform for people to achieve their own demands,which presents the vision of civil rights to a certain extent.However,because of the complexity of the postwar social environment,the Baojia system cannot completely represent the will of the people,and finally becomes a militarized organization that was used as a tool to carry out the government decree.

The Application for Measuring the Maturity Level of Information Technology Governance on Indonesian Government Agencies Using COBIT 4.1 Framework

Investment of information technology (IT) in the government sector in Indonesia continues to increase every year. However, this increase has not been followed by good governance due to the lack of attention to good IT management. Measurement of IT governance is therefore required as a basis for the continuous improvement of the IT services to government agencies. This study is aimed at producing an application to measure the maturity level of IT governance in government institutions, thus facilitating the process of improvement of IT services. The application developed is based on COBIT 4.1 framework and the design used is Unified Modeling Language. Through stages of information system development, this research results in an application for measuring the maturity level of IT governance that can be used by government agencies in assessing existing IT governance.

The Nexus between Nigerian Government Spending and Domestic Output in the Presence of Long-Term Crude Oil Price Shock: A Conditional Unrestricted Equilibrium Correction Model Approach

This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.

On Internet and Government Service from the Perspective of Good Governance Theory

The 13th Five-Year Plan and the government work report have repeatedly referred to the ＂Intemet＋ government services＂ to achieve data sharing, public interaction, government and enterprise win-win, political and social, and this is precisely the concept of good governance Together However, the Intemet＋ government services is not the 2.0 version of e-government, but the new interactive experience, is no longer the original government unilateral government information disclosure and online services, but the government, society, business tripartite link Require the Government to do the top design at the same time, but also to change the concept, put down the shelves to the enterprise to leam, with the cooperation, while the policy, service and implementation of the real arrival of the community and citizens.

Innovation of governance model of local government in China:Reflections on the issue of River Chief System in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-governance are the original intentions of River Chief System governance policy design,the purpose is to really improve governance benefits of the River Chief System.Regrettably,the current research is still in its infancy,mainly based on theoretical analysis and case analysis.Whether government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-govemance can really improve the effectiveness of governance still lacks empirical testing.For this reason,based on the 241 questionnaires of the governance benefits of the River Chief System in Guangdong Province,this paper deeply analyzed the influence of the organizational level of the River Chief System on the governance benefits,and further studied the regulatory role of multi-agent participation.The results showed that there was an inverted“U”relationship between the organizational level of the River Chief System and the governance benefit,and multi-agent participation had no positive influence on the relationship between the organization level and the governance benefit.This paper has important enlightening significance for expanding the theory of River Chief System research and guiding the practice of government-leading governance policy of River Chief System.On the other hand,this paper can provide reasonable suggestions on environmental governance for Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s high-quality development.

“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度建设的实践及其成效

宪法、法律在基层社会的实施,高质量的社会规范不可或缺。从多维视角、立足社会治理的“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度建设,既体现问题导向,又服务基层社会治理,追求良法善治的目标,取得了显著成效。“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度主要包括实行综合治理、追求公正效果、健全制度体系、就地化解纠纷,采取预防措施、坚持效果导向、建立预防机制、彰显预防效果,推动制度进步和完善。依法限缩公权力边界,实现基层社会治理方式规范化、治理手段柔性化、治理机制长效化,彰显了基层群众自治制度的优势。

基层政府数据治理缘何艰难?——基于多重堕距视角的分析

当前,基层政府数据治理的理想愿景与现实之间存在明显差距,产生“堕距”现象。究其根源,技术运行与公共管理的价值诉求和价值实现存在矛盾、数据治理成本—收益不明确造成“文化堕距”;“数据”与“治理”关系模糊、制度执行偏离制度旨趣、技术变化与制度稳定存在张力导致“制度堕距”;数据共享动力不足、权责关系不明晰催生“职能堕距”等。政府应立足于基层治理的实际和协同发展的需要,从强调以人为本、构建数字创新氛围和可持续的技术支撑体系、健全配套制度体系等多重维度出发整体推动数字化转型,改善数据在多元治理情境中的创新应用,从而有效弥合多元“堕距”并走向技术善治。

金融生态环境对企业绿色技术创新的影响

良好的金融生态环境是企业绿色技术创新的有力保障,对于促进社会经济持续健康发展具有重要意义。基于2012—2021年201个地级及以上城市和1625家上市企业相关研究数据,考察金融生态环境对企业绿色技术创新的影响及作用机制。研究发现:金融生态环境能够正向促进企业绿色技术创新,且人才资源集聚、政府治理水平和金融发展程度均能发挥部分中介作用。异质性检验发现:非中心城市、初期创立阶段、强竞争力行业与高技术行业企业绿色技术创新能力受金融生态环境的驱动效应更强。据此,可以通过打造金融生态产业集聚地、推动多主体金融生态服务落地、发挥企业绿色标杆引领作用,促进企业绿色技术创新。

数字金融的绿色效应:数字普惠金融与企业绿色技术创新

在新发展理念下,基于绿色导向与创新导向系统实现企业的绿色技术创新成为企业绿色转型与创新驱动发展的重要突破口。本文选取中国沪深A股上市公司数据,考察了数字普惠金融对企业绿色技术创新的具体影响效应及其机制。研究结果表明:数字普惠金融及其覆盖广度、使用深度和数字化程度均显著促进企业绿色技术创新,数字普惠金融主要通过提高企业创新投入、降低企业风险水平以及增强企业治理水平的三重机制促进企业绿色技术创新,数字普惠金融对企业绿色技术创新的促进效应在融资约束程度高与市场化程度低地区的企业中更为明显。因此,政府要深化金融供给侧结构性改革,推动数字普惠金融发展;企业要高度重视数字普惠金融的赋能效应,完善数字普惠金融助力企业绿色技术创新的协同机制,通过实施绿色技术创新战略实现企业绿色低碳转型升级。

数字化转型能否促进企业绿色创新绩效的提高?——基于我国A股上市公司数据

以2016—2021年沪深两市A股上市公司的数据作为研究样本,运用固定效应面板模型就数字化转型对企业绿色创新绩效的影响进行实证分析,同时探究融资约束的中介效应及风险承担水平、政府补助的调节作用。研究发现:数字化转型能显著促进企业绿色创新绩效的提高,且该作用在国有企业、非重污染企业及市场化程度较低的企业中更明显。进一步分析发现:融资约束在数字化转型对企业绿色创新绩效影响的过程中发挥了部分中介作用;风险承担水平和政府补助均发挥了正向调节作用。因此,企业层面应积极进行数字化转型,通过缓解融资约束来促进绿色创新绩效的提高,并积极发挥风险承担水平和政府补助的调节作用;政府层面应完善补助政策,推动企业绿色创新绩效的持续提高。

找回群众与双向赋能:党建引领乡村治理有效的韧性机制——基于C村美丽屋场建设的个案考察

治理有效是党建引领乡村治理的基本目标。本文从群众路线视角出发,对C村“党建引领美丽屋场建设”实践探索进行剖析,探讨党建引领与乡村治理有效之间的机制。党建引领乡村治理的实践路径在于,通过群众动员和组织建构两种策略,在过程层面促进党领共治的治理行动生成,在结构层面实现党领共治的治理网络重塑。党建引领乡村治理的关键要素在于,以政党力量融入为牵引、以群众路线回归为主线,实现农民群众主体性回归和村民自治的职能归位,进而以“政治引领自治、行政助推自治”的双向赋能,充分激活乡村社会自主治理效能,持续形塑乡村治理有效的韧性机制。

社会安全治理现代化视域下基层矛盾化解机制的类型学考察与路径探赜

优化基层矛盾化解机制是防范社会安全风险的现实所需、降低社会安全治理成本的必行之举,也是维护社会公平正义和平安稳定的基本保障。借鉴韦伯的“理想类型法”,以党政力量和社会多元主体的参与度作为基本维度,将基层矛盾化解机制划分为共建共治型、党政主导型、自治型和治理失序四种类型,在增进研究直观性、清晰化基层矛盾化解机制构建与优化整体图景的同时,也有效规避了以往单案例研究在代表性方面存在的先天不足。循此理路,从实践内容、基本特征和发展趋向三个方面具体考察2017—2021年的23个典型创新案例,归纳出优化基层矛盾化解机制的实践路径:坚持“以人民为中心”作为根本价值底色,从深化党建引领、推动情法结合、强化技术嵌入等方面,持续优化基层矛盾化解机制,深入推进社会安全治理现代化。

碳税机制下政府补贴对生产减排决策的影响

在政府实施碳税政策的大背景下,对不同形式的政府补贴如何影响制造商的生产减排决策进行研究。在无补贴、技术减排投资成本补贴和回收再制造补贴三种情形下,分别建立了三种不同的模型,分析比较三种模型对制造商产品产量和减排决策的影响。分析结果表明:(1)随着碳税税率的增加,产品碳减排水平并不总是增加。不仅如此,碳税政策的实施还会对低碳产品的产量和利润起到负面效果。但政府补贴政策的实施确实能够缓解碳税给制造商带来的压力,在碳税税率较高时,采取回收再制造补贴能够更大程度起到提高制造商积极性的作用。(2)不同的政府补贴对产品产量和利润产生了不同的影响,当η<0.38时,选取技术减排补贴能够获得更大的产品产量和总体利润;当η>0.38时,选取回收再制造补贴更经济。

县级融媒体中心深度发展的几个关键问题

县级融媒体中心是地方党委政府“治县理政”的抓手与平台,作为一种战略安排,融媒体中心有其技术、经济、政治与文化时代背景,数字信息技术不断革新下的挑战与机遇,使得县级传统媒体必然转型为融媒体中心,因而其生产者构成、职能部门构成、渠道构成、产品构成、受众构成、社会构成等必然有新的规律和特点,但本质上依然是一种新闻机构。这就要求我们从宏观、中观、微观等层面来把握这种战略安排,对融媒体中心深度发展的逻辑遵循、核心构成、地方价值、舆论引导和文化建设的理解,就成为管理者、研究者和从业者所有工作的重中之重。

借势赋能:消除贫困的社会工程的中国之治——以云南省怒江州兰坪县的易地扶贫搬迁工程为例

易地扶贫搬迁是脱贫攻坚的“头号工程”和“标志性工程”,也是难度最大、投入最多的专项扶贫工程,而基层政府是国家易地扶贫搬迁工程的具体执行者,其所掌握的治理资源、所具备的治理能力等都是整个官僚系统中最薄弱的。基层干部“弱位”何以生“巧能”便成为这样一个大型社会工程何以成功的一个重要命题。通过对云南省怒江州兰坪县的实地调研发现,基层干部通过“借势赋能”,在消除贫困的社会工程实践中将制度优势有效地转化为治理效能,从而为世界人类减贫事业贡献了中国方案。

乡村振兴中村级协商民主的提升路径探析——基于浙江省小古城村“众人的事由众人商量”的经验分析

村级协商民主是基层协商民主的重要组成部分,发展村级协商民主能够保障农民的合法权益,调动其参与村庄公共事务的热情。在乡村振兴时期为发挥农民的主体作用,提升乡村治理效能,需要构建起村级协商民主的新路径。通过对浙江省小古城村协商民主实践进行经验总结发现,该村通过实行党建引领促进村级协商民主开展、多元主体参与实现决策的科学化、协商程序规范确保协商活动有序、监督落实到位展现村级协商民主成效等制度,真正实现了“众人的事由众人商量”。因此,在乡村振兴的新时期以小古城村的经验作为参考,发展村级协商民主需要坚持党的领导,为村级协商民主提供根本保障;培育村民权利主体意识,营造民主开放的协商氛围;完善相关制度设计,促进村级协商民主高质量发展;利用数字技术赋能,构建数字化协商平台;发挥村级协商议事组织功能,提升协商主体能力。

基层社会治理场景中社会工作的专业化发展——基于“主体性—协同性”的分析框架

新时代社会工作要融入党和国家治理体系,充分发挥其社会治理效能。在实践中,社会工作已成为基层社会治理场景的有机组成部分。“主体性—协同性”的理论框架将主体性与协同性视为基层社会治理场景中社会工作专业化发展的两个各有侧重又相互关联的维度。从“主体性—协同性”的理论框架检视,珠三角D市社会工作通过专业服务与协同行动,在风险防范、矛盾化解与社会动员等方面发挥了治理效能。但从社会工作深度融入党和国家治理体系的要求看,仍然面临着主体性与协同性“双重弱化”的实践困境。要提升基层社会治理场景中社会工作的专业化水平,就必须走出“双重弱化”的困境,积极提升社会工作的主体性和协同性,实现二者的同步推进。这既是基层社会治理中社会工作专业化发展的目标取向,也是社会工作深度融入党和国家治理体系的必然逻辑,同时也为“大社会工作”格局下专业社会工作的开展提供了启示。

“平台”与我国县域基层法治秩序的生成——浙江海宁社会治理实践的观察

基层社会治理“平台”是我国县域范围构建具有中国特色法治秩序的重要实践形式。在提升县域基层社会治理水平的过程中,平台被打造成一个由不同政府机构、不同社会组织与社会成员通过协调、协商、议论等方式博弈以解决与民生密切相关的各种类型问题的工作机制,客观上已经助力生成了法治秩序不可或缺的不同主体之间展开话语交流的公共空间。在浙江海宁,平台被用于促进实现公众与企业合法权利、改造和规范行使公共权力、保障社会稳定与居民安居乐业,以公开促公正公平,有效提升了法律在基层的实施能力。在法治建设正在寻求新的突破之际,有关平台建设的实践具有一定的可借鉴的普遍意义。

整合与介入:“矛盾不上交”的基层治理逻辑

“矛盾不上交”是中国共产党探索出来并长期推广的基层治理模式,已然成为卓具中国特色的基层治理技术。“矛盾不上交”之所以具有治理效能,在于其具有“整合式治理”和“介入式治理”两种特征。从整合式治理的角度看,基层社会从结构维度实现了主体之间的关系整合、主体之间的能力整合、社会矛盾纠纷调处的制度整合,从机制维度体现了协商治理的运作过程。整合式治理在学理上体现了“复杂性管理”的逻辑。从介入式治理的角度看,当基层群众力量难以解决特定矛盾时,国家力量的介入能够在国家力量与社会力量的协同中实现矛盾的在地化解,这也体现了国家能力的价值。总体来看,“矛盾不上交”与关系维度的国家治理相契合,通过对人与人之间关系以及国家—社会关系的调整构建稳定的秩序,体现了人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体的价值意蕴。