Early activity has a positive effect on the rehabilitation process of patients after cardiac intervention. This paper summarizes the concept and significance of early activity after cardiac intervention, the best time...Early activity has a positive effect on the rehabilitation process of patients after cardiac intervention. This paper summarizes the concept and significance of early activity after cardiac intervention, the best time and mode of different types of early activity after cardiac intervention, and the factors affecting early activity, aiming to provide a basis for clinical medical staff to provide safe and effective guidance of early activity after cardiac intervention.展开更多
BACKGROUND： At present, there are many studies on the rehabilitation therapy of stroke patients with hemiplegia, but there is deficiency of corresponding standardized rehabilitation program. OBJECTIVE： To explore th...BACKGROUND： At present, there are many studies on the rehabilitation therapy of stroke patients with hemiplegia, but there is deficiency of corresponding standardized rehabilitation program. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of standardized tertiary rehabilitation on the activities of daily living in stroke patients with hemiplegia within 6 months after attack. DESIGN： A clinical observation. SETTING： Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University. PARTICIPANTS： Eighty-two outpatients and inpatients with acute stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Huashan Hosptial from January 1999 to June 2003, including 49 males and 33 females, 40 - 80 years of age, with a mean age of （65 ±11） years old. Inclusive criteria： According to the diagnostic standards for cerebrovascular diseases set by Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995, the patients were diagnosed as new attack of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage, and confirmed by CT or MRI to be initial patients; They should be accorded with the following conditions, including within 1 week after stabilization of life signs, Glasgow coma score 〉 8 points, 40 - 80 years of age, with disturbance of limb function. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. Exclusive criteria： Patients were excluded due to active liver disease, liver and kidney malfunction, congestive heart failure, malignant tumor, history of dementia, failure in respiratory function, tetraplegia; cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage for more than 3 weeks; unable to be followed up due to in other cities and provinces; psychiatric history; deafness and muteness. According to the will of the patients or their relatives, the patients who accepted the standardized rehabilitation program were enrolled as the treatment group （n =42）, and the others as the control group （n =40）. Approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the hospital. METHODS： All the patients were given routine therapies of internal medicine after admission. According to the conditions of Brunnstom recovery 6-phase evaluation, the patients in the treatment group were trained with the pre-designed comprehensive standardized rehabilitation program for corresponding period. At early period （within about 1 month after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative interventions in the Department of Emergency or Department of Neurology, once a day, 45 minutes for each time, 5 times a week; At middle period （about 1 - 3 months after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative interventions in the rehabilitation ward or center, once to twice a day, 30 - 45 minutes for each time, 4 - 5 days a week; At late period （about 3 - 6 months after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative intervention mainly assisted by rehabilitation physician in the community, relatives and volunteers, 3 - 4 times a week, and they were followed in the house or outpatient department once every two weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The patients were evaluated blindly by the same rehabilitation physician using scale of modified Barthel index at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months after attack respectively. RESULTS： Totally 82 patients with acute stroke were enrolled, and 3 cases in the treatment group missed, including 2 cases died at 1 month after admission, and 1 case refused the follow up l0 days later, all the others were involved in the analysis of results. The scores of modified Barthel index at corresponding time points after admission in the treatment group were all obviously higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）, and the score differences were also obviously higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）. The activities of daily living at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months after admission in the treatment group were 22,50%, 46.43%, 75,95% and 89,52% of that of normal people respectively, and those in the control group were 17.09%, 25,77%, 43,38% and 55,00% respectively, The activities of daily Diving at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months in the treatment group were 131.66%, 180.17%, 175.08% and 162.76% of those in the controlgroup. As compared with at admission, the percentage of the score difference to the total score at the ends of the 1^st, 3^rd and 6^th months were 23.93%, 53.45% and 67.02% in the treatment group, while 8.67%, 25.36% and 36.98% in the control group. CONCLUSION： Standardized tertiary rehabilitation can obviously promote the activities of daily living in stroke patients with hemiplegia.展开更多
Crohn’s disease(CD)is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with an increasing incidence worldwide.Comprehensive therapy for CD focuses on symptom control and healing the intestinal mucosa to ...Crohn’s disease(CD)is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with an increasing incidence worldwide.Comprehensive therapy for CD focuses on symptom control and healing the intestinal mucosa to improve the quality of life and prevent complications.Surgical intervention plays a vital role in comprehensive therapy.However,deciding the optimal timing for surgical intervention has long been a focus of controversy.This review provides insights into the timing of surgery for CD and guides clinicians in daily treatment.展开更多
Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement the...Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement therapy is more effective than conventional rehabilitation in acute or sub-acute stroke remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to identify the optimal time to start constraint-induced movement therapy after ischemic stroke and to explore the mechanisms by which constraint-induced movement therapy leads to post-stroke recovery. Sixty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-surgery group, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group, early constraint-induced movement therapy group, and late constraint-induced movement therapy group. Rat models of left middle cerebral artery occlusion were established according to the Zea Longa line embolism method. Constraint-induced movement therapy was conducted starting on day 1 or day 14 in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups, respectively. To explore the effect of each intervention time on neuromotor function, behavioral function was assessed using a balance beam walking test before surgery and at 8 and 21 days after surgery. The expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and Nogo receptor were evaluated using real time-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay to assess the effect of each intervention time. The results showed that the behavioral score was significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. At 21 days, the scores had significantly decreased in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. At 8 days, only mild pyknosis appeared in neurons of the ischemic penumbra in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was distinctly better than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group. At 21 days, only a few vacuolated cells were observed and no obvious inflammatory cells were visible in late constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was much better than at 8 days. The mRNA and protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor were significantly higher, but expression levels of Nogo receptor were significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group compared with the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. The changes in expression levels at 21 days were larger but similar in both the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. Besides, the protein nerve growth factor level was higher in the late constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group at 21 days. These results suggest that both early(1 day) and late(14 days) constraint-induced movement therapy induces molecular plasticity and facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke, as illustrated by the histology. The mechanism may be associated with downregulation of Nogo receptor expression and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor expression.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Although the curative effects of acupuncture have been confirmed by various treatments of cerebral infarction, few studies have investigated when acupuncture can attain the best clinical effect. OBJECTIVE...BACKGROUND： Although the curative effects of acupuncture have been confirmed by various treatments of cerebral infarction, few studies have investigated when acupuncture can attain the best clinical effect. OBJECTIVE： Four different time points were selected for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction to evaluate the appropriate time course for Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy in terms of improved neurological function. DESIGN： Controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 inpatients with cerebral infarction of different stages, including 75 males and 45 females, aged 41-75 years, were selected from November 2005 to December 2006 at the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy in Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. Diagnostic criteria： in accordance with ＂main points of diagnosis on different cerebrovascular disease＂ secondly revised in the Second Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting of Chinese Medicine Association in 1986. All accepted subjects provided confirmed consent, and the experiment received ethical permission from the hospital＇s ethics committee. METHODS： ① Experiment grouping： All inpatients were divided into four groups with non-stochastic concurrent control method according to the disease course： Group Ⅰ （onset within 7 hours）, group Ⅱ （onset from 7 hours to 3 days）, group Ⅲ （onset within 4-7 days）, and group IV （onset within 21-180 days）. On the basis of symptomatic treatment with western medicine, each group received Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy after onset within 7 hours, 7 hours to 3 days, 4 to 7days, and 21 to 180 days. ① The principal acupoints were Neiguan, Renzhong, and Sanyinfiao. ② The auxiliary acupoints were Jiquan, Chize, and Weizhong. ③Acupuncture manipulations： initially, Neiguan （PC6, bilateral） was needled at 0.5-1.0 cun vertically with a reducing technique achieved by rotating-swirling and lifting-inserting for l minute. Subsequently, Renzhong （GV26） was needled at 0.3-0.5 cun obliquely towards the nasal septum, with a heavy bird-pecking method until eyeballs were moist or shed tears. Sanyinjiao （SP6, affected limb） was needled at 1.0-1.5 cun obliquely along the medial border of the tibia with a 45° angle between the needle and skin. The technique of reinforcing was achieved by a lifting-inserting method until the affected lower limb twitched three times. The auxiliary acupoint, Jiquan, was selected when the patient extended the affected upper limb abduction. Jiquan was along the downward channel, l cun from the quondam Jiquan （HT1） acupoint; the armpit hair was avoided. Jiquan （affected limb） was needled vertically at 1.0-1.5 cun. The technique of reduction was achieved by lifting-inserting until the affected upper limb twitched three times. Chize （LU5） was selected when the patient flexed the elbow at 120°. Chize was vertically needled at l cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected forearm and fingers twitched three times. Weizhong （BL40） was selected when the patient＇s leg was raised straight in a supine position. Weizhong was vertically needled at 0.5 1.0 cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected lower limb twitched three times. ⑤ Acupuncture manipulations were achieved by the doctor who is an associate chief physician and doctor of acupuncture and moxibustion and has aptitude for the post＇s specification. ⑥One course of treatment lasted for 10 days and each group was treated for two courses of treatment. ⑦Experiment evaluation： To apply neurological impairment scores for evaluating clinical curative effects before and after treatment with Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy on day 7, 14, and 21（range of 0 45; decreasing score indicates functional improvement）.To evaluate clinical curative effect by clinical effective power： Basic recovery： equal to or more than 81%; significant improvement： 56% to 81% （including 56%）; Improvement： between 36% to 56% （including 36%）; Slight Improvement： 11% to 36% （including 11%）; No change： less than 11%; Aggravation （including death）： negative value. Total effective rate was computed at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The total effective rate and amelioration of neurological impairment of the patients after treatment. RESULTS： All 120 patients with cerebral infarction were included in the final analysis, without deletion. ① Comparison of the total effective rate： the total effective rate of group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ and group IV was 97%, 93%, 93%, and 67%, respectively. There were significant differences of interclass synthetic curative effects （x^2 = 36.351 7, P 〈 0.01）. ② Amelioration of neurological impairment： A decreased neurological impairment score was observed in group Ⅰ on day 7, 14, and 21 after Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy. The differences between group Ⅳ and the remaining three groups were significant （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy is helpful for amelioration of neurological impairment in patients during the acute stage cerebral infarction.展开更多
文摘Early activity has a positive effect on the rehabilitation process of patients after cardiac intervention. This paper summarizes the concept and significance of early activity after cardiac intervention, the best time and mode of different types of early activity after cardiac intervention, and the factors affecting early activity, aiming to provide a basis for clinical medical staff to provide safe and effective guidance of early activity after cardiac intervention.
基金a grant from the State Science and Technology Department of "the Tenth Five-Year Plan" Tackle Key Problem,No.2001BA703B21
文摘BACKGROUND： At present, there are many studies on the rehabilitation therapy of stroke patients with hemiplegia, but there is deficiency of corresponding standardized rehabilitation program. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of standardized tertiary rehabilitation on the activities of daily living in stroke patients with hemiplegia within 6 months after attack. DESIGN： A clinical observation. SETTING： Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University. PARTICIPANTS： Eighty-two outpatients and inpatients with acute stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Huashan Hosptial from January 1999 to June 2003, including 49 males and 33 females, 40 - 80 years of age, with a mean age of （65 ±11） years old. Inclusive criteria： According to the diagnostic standards for cerebrovascular diseases set by Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995, the patients were diagnosed as new attack of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage, and confirmed by CT or MRI to be initial patients; They should be accorded with the following conditions, including within 1 week after stabilization of life signs, Glasgow coma score 〉 8 points, 40 - 80 years of age, with disturbance of limb function. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. Exclusive criteria： Patients were excluded due to active liver disease, liver and kidney malfunction, congestive heart failure, malignant tumor, history of dementia, failure in respiratory function, tetraplegia; cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage for more than 3 weeks; unable to be followed up due to in other cities and provinces; psychiatric history; deafness and muteness. According to the will of the patients or their relatives, the patients who accepted the standardized rehabilitation program were enrolled as the treatment group （n =42）, and the others as the control group （n =40）. Approval was obtained from the ethical committee of the hospital. METHODS： All the patients were given routine therapies of internal medicine after admission. According to the conditions of Brunnstom recovery 6-phase evaluation, the patients in the treatment group were trained with the pre-designed comprehensive standardized rehabilitation program for corresponding period. At early period （within about 1 month after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative interventions in the Department of Emergency or Department of Neurology, once a day, 45 minutes for each time, 5 times a week; At middle period （about 1 - 3 months after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative interventions in the rehabilitation ward or center, once to twice a day, 30 - 45 minutes for each time, 4 - 5 days a week; At late period （about 3 - 6 months after attack）, the patients received rehabilitative intervention mainly assisted by rehabilitation physician in the community, relatives and volunteers, 3 - 4 times a week, and they were followed in the house or outpatient department once every two weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The patients were evaluated blindly by the same rehabilitation physician using scale of modified Barthel index at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months after attack respectively. RESULTS： Totally 82 patients with acute stroke were enrolled, and 3 cases in the treatment group missed, including 2 cases died at 1 month after admission, and 1 case refused the follow up l0 days later, all the others were involved in the analysis of results. The scores of modified Barthel index at corresponding time points after admission in the treatment group were all obviously higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）, and the score differences were also obviously higher than those in the control group （P 〈 0,01）. The activities of daily living at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months after admission in the treatment group were 22,50%, 46.43%, 75,95% and 89,52% of that of normal people respectively, and those in the control group were 17.09%, 25,77%, 43,38% and 55,00% respectively, The activities of daily Diving at admission and 1, 3 and 6 months in the treatment group were 131.66%, 180.17%, 175.08% and 162.76% of those in the controlgroup. As compared with at admission, the percentage of the score difference to the total score at the ends of the 1^st, 3^rd and 6^th months were 23.93%, 53.45% and 67.02% in the treatment group, while 8.67%, 25.36% and 36.98% in the control group. CONCLUSION： Standardized tertiary rehabilitation can obviously promote the activities of daily living in stroke patients with hemiplegia.
文摘Crohn’s disease(CD)is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with an increasing incidence worldwide.Comprehensive therapy for CD focuses on symptom control and healing the intestinal mucosa to improve the quality of life and prevent complications.Surgical intervention plays a vital role in comprehensive therapy.However,deciding the optimal timing for surgical intervention has long been a focus of controversy.This review provides insights into the timing of surgery for CD and guides clinicians in daily treatment.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.2014ZRB14502(to XHL)
文摘Constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitative training technique used to improve the restoration of impaired upper extremity movement after stroke. However, whether constraint-induced movement therapy is more effective than conventional rehabilitation in acute or sub-acute stroke remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to identify the optimal time to start constraint-induced movement therapy after ischemic stroke and to explore the mechanisms by which constraint-induced movement therapy leads to post-stroke recovery. Sixty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-surgery group, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group, early constraint-induced movement therapy group, and late constraint-induced movement therapy group. Rat models of left middle cerebral artery occlusion were established according to the Zea Longa line embolism method. Constraint-induced movement therapy was conducted starting on day 1 or day 14 in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups, respectively. To explore the effect of each intervention time on neuromotor function, behavioral function was assessed using a balance beam walking test before surgery and at 8 and 21 days after surgery. The expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and Nogo receptor were evaluated using real time-polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay to assess the effect of each intervention time. The results showed that the behavioral score was significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. At 21 days, the scores had significantly decreased in the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. At 8 days, only mild pyknosis appeared in neurons of the ischemic penumbra in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was distinctly better than in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group. At 21 days, only a few vacuolated cells were observed and no obvious inflammatory cells were visible in late constraint-induced movement therapy group, which was much better than at 8 days. The mRNA and protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor were significantly higher, but expression levels of Nogo receptor were significantly lower in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group compared with the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups at 8 days. The changes in expression levels at 21 days were larger but similar in both the early constraint-induced movement therapy and late constraint-induced movement therapy groups. Besides, the protein nerve growth factor level was higher in the late constraint-induced movement therapy group than in the early constraint-induced movement therapy group at 21 days. These results suggest that both early(1 day) and late(14 days) constraint-induced movement therapy induces molecular plasticity and facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke, as illustrated by the histology. The mechanism may be associated with downregulation of Nogo receptor expression and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor expression.
基金the Major State Basic Research and Development Pro-gram of China, No.2006CB504504
文摘BACKGROUND： Although the curative effects of acupuncture have been confirmed by various treatments of cerebral infarction, few studies have investigated when acupuncture can attain the best clinical effect. OBJECTIVE： Four different time points were selected for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction to evaluate the appropriate time course for Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy in terms of improved neurological function. DESIGN： Controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 inpatients with cerebral infarction of different stages, including 75 males and 45 females, aged 41-75 years, were selected from November 2005 to December 2006 at the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy in Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. Diagnostic criteria： in accordance with ＂main points of diagnosis on different cerebrovascular disease＂ secondly revised in the Second Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting of Chinese Medicine Association in 1986. All accepted subjects provided confirmed consent, and the experiment received ethical permission from the hospital＇s ethics committee. METHODS： ① Experiment grouping： All inpatients were divided into four groups with non-stochastic concurrent control method according to the disease course： Group Ⅰ （onset within 7 hours）, group Ⅱ （onset from 7 hours to 3 days）, group Ⅲ （onset within 4-7 days）, and group IV （onset within 21-180 days）. On the basis of symptomatic treatment with western medicine, each group received Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy after onset within 7 hours, 7 hours to 3 days, 4 to 7days, and 21 to 180 days. ① The principal acupoints were Neiguan, Renzhong, and Sanyinfiao. ② The auxiliary acupoints were Jiquan, Chize, and Weizhong. ③Acupuncture manipulations： initially, Neiguan （PC6, bilateral） was needled at 0.5-1.0 cun vertically with a reducing technique achieved by rotating-swirling and lifting-inserting for l minute. Subsequently, Renzhong （GV26） was needled at 0.3-0.5 cun obliquely towards the nasal septum, with a heavy bird-pecking method until eyeballs were moist or shed tears. Sanyinjiao （SP6, affected limb） was needled at 1.0-1.5 cun obliquely along the medial border of the tibia with a 45° angle between the needle and skin. The technique of reinforcing was achieved by a lifting-inserting method until the affected lower limb twitched three times. The auxiliary acupoint, Jiquan, was selected when the patient extended the affected upper limb abduction. Jiquan was along the downward channel, l cun from the quondam Jiquan （HT1） acupoint; the armpit hair was avoided. Jiquan （affected limb） was needled vertically at 1.0-1.5 cun. The technique of reduction was achieved by lifting-inserting until the affected upper limb twitched three times. Chize （LU5） was selected when the patient flexed the elbow at 120°. Chize was vertically needled at l cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected forearm and fingers twitched three times. Weizhong （BL40） was selected when the patient＇s leg was raised straight in a supine position. Weizhong was vertically needled at 0.5 1.0 cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected lower limb twitched three times. ⑤ Acupuncture manipulations were achieved by the doctor who is an associate chief physician and doctor of acupuncture and moxibustion and has aptitude for the post＇s specification. ⑥One course of treatment lasted for 10 days and each group was treated for two courses of treatment. ⑦Experiment evaluation： To apply neurological impairment scores for evaluating clinical curative effects before and after treatment with Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy on day 7, 14, and 21（range of 0 45; decreasing score indicates functional improvement）.To evaluate clinical curative effect by clinical effective power： Basic recovery： equal to or more than 81%; significant improvement： 56% to 81% （including 56%）; Improvement： between 36% to 56% （including 36%）; Slight Improvement： 11% to 36% （including 11%）; No change： less than 11%; Aggravation （including death）： negative value. Total effective rate was computed at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The total effective rate and amelioration of neurological impairment of the patients after treatment. RESULTS： All 120 patients with cerebral infarction were included in the final analysis, without deletion. ① Comparison of the total effective rate： the total effective rate of group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ and group IV was 97%, 93%, 93%, and 67%, respectively. There were significant differences of interclass synthetic curative effects （x^2 = 36.351 7, P 〈 0.01）. ② Amelioration of neurological impairment： A decreased neurological impairment score was observed in group Ⅰ on day 7, 14, and 21 after Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy. The differences between group Ⅳ and the remaining three groups were significant （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy is helpful for amelioration of neurological impairment in patients during the acute stage cerebral infarction.
