Ideas and Countermeasures for Perfecting Rural Public Product Supply from the Perspective of Main Beneficiaries

On the basis of defining the concept of rural public product supply, the weaknesses of the supply mechanism of rural public product are analyzed. The shortages of rural public product supply lead to the difficult ties in developing agriculture and rural economy; enriching farmers and narrowing the urban and rural income gap. Problems in rural public product supply are further analyzed. Firstly, the national finance used in agriculture is low. Secondly, farmers are not separated from decision system and the beneficiaries separate from the decision-makers. Thirdly, farmers are not fully treated as civilians. Fourthly, rural areas lack the selection and supervision mechanism of public product. The ideas and countermeasures on perfecting rural public product are put forward from the perspective of main beneficiaries. The supply of rural public product should take intensifying the self development capability of farmers as core; farmers should actively participate in the making the rural public product decision and fight for their right to say. Farmers should unit together through organizations to improve the organizational level. Farmers should actively participate in trainings on them and try to get the updated information from the local government. The village collective should protect the supply of rural public product.

The Intermediary Roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Utilizing Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health Care Practice

Robot technology is expected to reduce the burden of medical professionals, a concern in the super-aged society. The aim of this article is to determine the intermediary roles of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in using Communication Robots (CRs) in Community Health care. It is necessary to consider who will manage, and how to draw lines of responsibility when a problem occurs when using robots in the future. Regarding the mediator or intermediary role of PHNs in the use of CRs, PHNs are expected to be cognizant of varieties of robots for use with persons of diverse ages and health levels, as well as of robot performances. As one of the community healthcare workers who service the elderly living in the community, the role of PHNs as mediators or intermediaries is to pay attention to ethical and moral issues while working with CRs to manage the health of the community. Lack of understanding of the intermediary role might create possible ethico-moral issues in the future. Therefore, it is critical for PHNs to understand their role as intermediaries. In doing so, it is expected that older people at home will be able to live peaceful lives, as well as be physically and mentally healthy.

Research on Characteristics of Main Body and Role of Farmers and Government in Socialist New Village Construction

This paper expounds the connotation of main body of new socialist village construction,and the duplex main body characteristics of farmers and government.It points out that the main body of society should be the state holding public power,and the main body of nature or practice is the farmer who participates in production and living activities in rural areas and supports the existence of rural society.It also expounds the dominant position of duplex main body in new village construction,wherein the government is the main body which administers public power in the field of public power in new village construction,while the farmer is the main body who administers private rights in the field of non-public rights in new village construction.It generalizes and unravels the role of duplex main body of farmers and government in new village construction,and analyzes the relationship of role of duplex main body between government and farmers as follows:the government dominates over rural development,and the government,as main body,plays dominant role in the field of rural public power and construction of social environment,while the farmers are main participators and constructors,who play significant role;in construction of rural non-public power field,the farmers play the role of main body,and the government plays the role of guidance and service.In new village construction,the government and farmers play the role abreast,which is an important prerequisite and guarantee of constructing new village.In the process of government's fulfilling responsibility in new village construction,the outdated administrative concept exists,and in the process of administering and promoting new village construction,the farmers' quality is yet to be promoted.As for these problems,three countermeasures are put forward as follows:transform concept;transform style of work and transform and exert advantage of organization.

Women’s Empowerment and Its Subversions in The Tenant of Wildfell Hall

The Tenant of Wildfell Hall,firstly published in 1848,was the second and final novel of Anne Brontë,the youngest of the Brontësisters,telling a story of the mysterious young widow Helen Huntingdon,who flees her abusive husband and hides with her son at Wildfell Hall.Just as most contemporary critic defines it as one of the first feminist novels,the overall characterization of Helen sends a strong message of the empowerment of women.What confuses modern readers,however,is the subtle confrontation between the empowerment and its subversion.Thus,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the text concerning Anne's empow⁃erment of Helen and the corresponding subversion of the established empowerment before unveiling the fundamental cause of such arrangement with a view of shedding light on the comprehension of Anne Brontë's belief in universal social issues.

Role of Nanfan Base and Recommendations about Construction and Management

This paper first analyzes the important role of Nanfan Base in China: " accelerator" for breeding new varieties of crops; " unallocated store" to ensure the varieties for agricultural production; " lightning rod" to ensure the quality and safety of seeds; " big stage" for variety and technical exchanges and cooperation; " big school" for cultivating seed industry technology talents; " booster" for promoting local economic development. Then it points out the main problems about Nanfan Base and finally sets forth the relevant recommendations.

公立医院党支部发挥战斗堡垒作用实践与思考

在推动公立医院高质量发展过程中,如何落实党建引领,如何牢固树立“大抓基层”的鲜明导向,如何健全机制强化公立医院基层党支部战斗堡垒作用,是当前公立医院面临的重要课题。分析了党支部战斗堡垒作用的内涵机制,并通过构建党支部标准化规范化建设体系、健全党员干部培训教育体系、构建“1+1+N”党建品牌体系,为更好激发党支部战斗堡垒作用提供借鉴参考。

公共体育服务体系示范区建设促进了体育市场主体发展吗?——基于准自然实验的实证研究

基于2015年的江苏省公共体育服务体系示范区建设的准自然实验,选取2013—2020年全国12个省份149个城市的面板数据,采用双重差分方法探讨公共体育服务体系示范区建设对当地体育市场主体的影响。研究发现,一是公共体育服务体系示范区建设促进了体育市场主体发展,该结论通过平行趋势检验和稳健性检验后依然成立;二是公共体育服务体系示范区建设对体育市场主体发展的促进效应具有可持续特征,公共体育服务体系示范区建设时间越长,对体育市场主体的推动效应越大。公共体育服务体系示范区建设不仅可以促使相关企业对投入体育领域产生更高预期,也能借助政策支持循环累积有利于体育市场主体发展的要素。

对发挥行政复议主渠道作用的反思与制度重构

当前,我国理论界和实务界所面临的一个重大挑战是如何将行政复议作为解决行政争议的主渠道。本文分析了我国行政复议的性质,针对最新审议通过的《中华人民共和国行政复议法(修订草案)》,提出我国行政复议需要解决的问题。通过对我国行政复议的受案范围、复议渠道以及行政复议体制机制等方面的完善,从而实现行政复议主渠道作用,以推动行政复议真正发挥其化解行政争议的功能,为行政相对人提供更加便捷的救济途径。

激发企业主体作用的核心要素一一基于英国“雇主主导模式”学徒制改革的借鉴

强化企业主体地位是我国职业教育实现产教融合育人的关键。英国政府近几年实施的“雇主主导模式”学徒制度改革经验值得借鉴。通过学徒税改革,雇主成为主要融资者、资金支配者;通过雇主主导的学徒标准改革,雇主成为教学标准的开发者、掌舵人;通过实施“EPA改革”,雇主成为评价标准的制定者、评价过程的参与者及评价结果的受益者。借鉴英国“雇主主导模式”的学徒制改革经验,建议我国将“资金”“标准”和“评价”三个要素作为关键突破口,强化企业在产教融合育人过程中的主体地位:一是重塑企业主体的职业教育融资体系,撬动企业核心利益,激发企业参与职业教育的内在动力;二是完善企业主导的专业教学标准开发与审批制度,保障教育培训质量;三是围绕企业选人用人需求,建立整体规范、权威有效的考试评价与资格认证制度。

高职公共英语课程思政中的教师角色探析

随着教育改革的深入,教师的角色定位发生了新的变化,在扮演好知识的传播者和能力的开发者外,还需要成为学生思想的引领者,情意品质的塑造者。高职公共英语教师要认知到教师这一角色定位的变化,在高职公共英语课程思政中培养学生的思想,塑造学生的情意品质,传播学科专业知识,开发学生的学科综合能力。

新型主流媒体价值引领的理蕴探究与建构路径

在党和国家高度重视媒体融合与积极壮大主流舆论阵地的背景下,推动主流媒体转型升级并强化其价值引领具有迫切性。新型主流媒体价值引领因其本质之“新”而具有生命力,因其力量之“新”而具有吸引力。新型主流媒体价值引领具有丰富的新本质规定的同时,还展现出新的强大引领力量即新传播力、新引导力、新影响力、新公信力。结合新型主流媒体价值引领的本质规定和强大力量,立足当前,构建新型主流媒体价值引领的实践路径:注重深度融合,推动主流媒体转型升级;强化主体效能,构建主体之间良性互动;创新内容生产,壮大主流舆论阵地。

康德启蒙论中的教师角色冲突

启蒙是勇敢地使用自己的理性,这是康德对启蒙的规定。不过,个体的自我启蒙是相当困难的。然而,只要给予公众自由,公众的自我启蒙则更为可能。公众的自我启蒙召唤和规定着教师的角色是启蒙者而非规训者,亦即教师是启蒙学生自我启蒙的启蒙者。在启蒙的时代,公众的自我启蒙若成为可能,需要在理性的公开运用上是自由的,但在理性的私下运用上是不自由的。理性的私下运用,发生在要求服从的权威领域。教育活动中的教师之理性的使用,属于权威领域中的理性的私下运用,教师的职责因此是服从权威、规训学生,于是教师就又成了规训者。如此,教师所承担的两种角色就产生了冲突。康德认为,随着公众自我启蒙的不断进步,教师的角色冲突将会被消解。然而,由于人是特殊的、历史的,又是普遍的、超越的,所以教师的角色冲突是永恒的。

突发公共卫生事件应急护士角色转型冲击评估量表的构建

目的:构建突发公共卫生事件应急护士角色转型冲击评估量表,为护理管理者评估应急护士角色适应情况和开展应急培训教育指导等提供参考。方法:基于循证医学方法,通过国内外数据库检索参与突发公共事件应急救援护理人员真实体验的相关文献,初步拟订突发公共卫生事件应急护理角色转型冲击评估量表,并采用德尔菲法确定量表具体内容。结果:2轮函询问卷有效回收率均为100%,最终确定的突发公共卫生事件应急护理角色转型冲击评估量表包含4个一级条目、14个二级条目、34个三级条目,量表水平的内容效度为0.917。结论:基于循证和德尔菲法构建的突发公共卫生事件应急护士角色转型冲击量表具有较好的科学性和可行性,可为护理管理者和护理教育者做好以应急护士需求为导向的护理管理和培训提供参考。

面向儿童友好城市建设的公共图书馆社会教育价值提升研究

公共图书馆社会教育作为我国教育体系的重要组成部分,在建设儿童友好城市的倡导下呈现出新的角色定位,面临新的价值提升契机。文章识别当前公共图书馆儿童社会教育现状,梳理政策视域下公共图书馆社会教育的角色定位,进而探讨价值提升方案。研究发现公共图书馆应探索以政府为主导、公共图书馆与家校合作、多主体参与的运行机制,面向广泛受众的“主导-参与”模式、面向特定地区的“区域联盟”模式、面向特定群体的“分工-协作”模式、面向垂直领域的“平台-合作”模式,打造互动、立体的公共图书馆社会教育系统,建立统筹、联通的公共图书馆社会教育体系。

突发公共卫生事件时期公安院校医护人员角色定位的思考

公安院校在突发公共卫生事件校园防控中承担着重要的职责。通过分析突发公共卫生事件时期公安院校医护人员角色定位优势,思考在疫情防控期间如何充分发挥医护人员的特点,以突发公共卫生事件四个阶段切入点,系统地阐述了公安院校医护人员在突发公共卫生事件中的角色定位,在做好应急管理的同时,协同公安院校肩负更多的社会责任,从而更好地服务社会,为人民群众的健康保驾护航。

公共卫生视角下平疫结合的居住区主入口设计

在人类发展历程中,一直伴随着各种流行病的传播,对于突发公共卫生事件的应对是城市发展的一项重要课题,城市居住区作为人们生活的主要场所,其主入口是与城市连接的重要节点。文章聚焦城市居住区主入口,通过分析居住区主入口的现状与问题,针对突发公共卫生事件的应急需求,提出新的居住区主入口设计方案,优化空间布局,增加衍生功能,重新组织流线,以便在流行病大面积传播时,更好地满足居住区居民的日常出行、健康检测、物流管理等需求,探索弹性应变的居住区主入口的形态与模式,形成平疫结合的城市居住区主入口设计范式。

乡村教师角色的公共性危机:表征、根源及纾解

乡村教师是专业性与公共性统一的存在。乡村教师角色的公共性主要包含三重意蕴:乡土情怀的精神品性、知识分子的社会地位和公共领域的社会生活。乡村教师角色面临严重的公共性危机,呈现出乡土认同式微、精英地位旁落和公共生活隐没的表征。究其原因是城乡格局变迁加剧乡村教师与乡土疏离、乡村教师文化资本弱化及乡村教师公共参与受阻所致。因此,应当以重塑乡村教师的乡土认同、提升乡村教师的文化资本和引导乡村教师参与公共活动为路径,重塑乡村教师角色的公共性。

新时代教师角色公共性建构的语境选择、话语特征及角色定位

只要时代处在深刻变化的转折关头,人们总会为教师重新画像,审视教师角色建构问题。《中共中央国务院关于全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的意见》为“教师重新画像”的角色建构提供了以公共性为特征的根本遵循。具而言之,在建构语境上,要指向教师角色所属共同体并围绕教师的关系性存在形成新时代教师角色公共性建构的基本语境;在建构话语上借助以规范的“你”为特点的法理文本制度性话语和以典范的“他们”为特点的伦理文本文化性话语,形成新时代教师角色公共性建构的基本话语;在建构画像上,要以公共理性的启蒙者、公共利益的关怀者、共同发展的协作者、共同认识的促进者形成新时代教师角色公共性的基本定位。积极推进新时代教师角色公共性建构既可回应新时代教师队伍建设“突显教师职业公共属性”的重要问题,又可为新时代教师有效开展角色实践以落实立德树人提供理论支持。

重构与突破:乡村振兴中农民主体作用的发挥——以贵州省L村为例

发挥农民主体作用振兴乡村可以有效避免乡村振兴中的大拆大建、形式主义以及官僚主义等现实难题。农民主体作用何以发挥,其关键点在于唤醒农民主体意识,让农民谋事、做事、成事;其落脚点在于凸显农民主体地位,突破科层窠臼带来的基层治理行政化。结合贵州省L村乡村振兴实践,发现可以通过农民的“众智”“众力”“众愿”唤醒主体意识,重构自治机能;以农民作为主体参与实现“双轨治理”,以“党群直议”积极发展基层民主,突破行政化困境。最终让农民主体作用得以发挥,使决策、执行回归农民,这对欠发达地区全面推进乡村振兴具有一定的现实参考意义。