The Mean Deviation from the Median of the Dagum Distribution

The Dagum model is particularly suitable for the analysis of the distributions of economic quantities, such as income, assets and consumption. The purpose of this note is to derive the expression of the mean deviation from the median of the Dagum distribution to study the behavior of the scale and shape parameters in terms of absolute variability and in terms of relative variability.

A Meta analysis of characteristics of median nerve and sural nerve injury inpatients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Objective： A meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed to assess the injured degree of median nerve andsural nerve in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN）. Methods： we searched Pubmed Database, ChinaBiomedical Literature Database, VIP Database, ChinaNet for studies. Then evaluated these studies in order to findthe researches in line with the requirements of the study; Each relevant research was carefully read to extractrelevant data; The current perception threshold （CPT） value of median nerve and sural nerve were compared at2000Hz, 250Hz and 5Hz between patients with DPN and the normal control group. Results： Finally 10 articles thatmeet the standards were included, with 1054 cases in the patient group and 719 cases in the normal group. The CPTvalues of median nerve and sural nerve at 2000 Hz, 250 Hz and 5 Hz of patients group were higher than those ofnormal control group （P 〈0.05 for all）. Conclusion： Systematic reviews showed that the sensitivity of the mediannerve and sural nerve in DPN patients was generally reduced. Sensory nerve quantitative detector could detectnerve damage early, accurately and monitor the effect treatment in patients with DPN.

Analgesic Effects of Tetrodotoxin Combined with Acetylsalicylic Acid on Acetic Acid-induced Abdominal Constriction and Formalin Test in Mice

Aim To study the effects of tetrodotoxin （TTX） combined with acetylsalicylic acid （ASA） on nociceptive stimulus in mice. Methods To assess the antinociceptive effects of TTX, ASA or TTX plus ASA, the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test and formalin pain test were used. Results TTX （0.5 - 4.0 μg· kg^-1 ） or ASA （25 - 200 mg· kg^-1 ） im produced a significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction. The median inhibitory doses （ID508） were 2.1 μg· kg^-1 for TTX（ and 64 mg· kg^-1 for ASA. TTX and ASA also showed a dose-dependent inhibition of the second phase response in the formalin pain model, the ID508, being 2.3μg·kg^-1 and 74.2 mg· kg^-1, respectively. The ihteraction between TTX and ASA was synergistic, as evidenced by the fact that （1） when ASA alone compared with the combination of TTX （0.79 μg · kg^-1 or 0.39μg· kg^-1 ） and ASA, the ID508, of ASA reduced from 64.0 mg· kg^-1 to 5.8 mg· kg^-1 or 12.6 mg· kg^-1, and from 74.2 mg· kg^-1 to 7.4 mg· kg^-1 or 13.0 mg· kg^-1 on tile two models of nociceptive tests, respectively; and that （2） synergism in the analgesic effects was shown by isobiolographic analysis. Conclusion TTX, ASA and the combination of the two drags produce analgesic effects in acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test and formalin-induced pain test. The interactions between TTX and ASA may be useful in developing novel analgesic agents.