A Space-Flight Ship Travelling by a Plasma Rocket Engine from the Earth Ground to the Moon

Since a thrust of an ion rocket engine is much weaker than the one of a chemical fuel engine, nowadays, ion engines are used mainly in spaces where gravities are very weak. Here, as a powerful plasma rocket to make a heavy ship get out from the gravity-sphere of the earth without relying on an atomic power rocket, an ion-velocity booster is investigated. It is a main challenge how to protect the engine wall from the melting due to collisions of ions which grow into high-energy particles.

Digital Geological Mapping of Sinus Iridum Area of the Moon Based on the Chang'E-I Data

Based on the CCD images,IIM data and DEM data of China＇s lunar exploration project （Chang＇E-Ⅰ） and related processed and analytic results,an integrated study of regional geology of Sinus Iridum and its adjacent area was conducted,and a series of relevant researches and analyses were carried out,including analysis of impact craters and their extrusive and accumulative materials,division of stratigraphic and tectonic units and classification of rock types,integrated analysis of chronology and lunar evolution history.In consideration of crater＇s shape features,quantity and preserving status of filling materials,the lunar impact craters can be divided into 7 types and 11 subtypes,and the accumulative materials of craters are divided into 6 types and 9 accumulative groups.According to the content and distribution of TiO2 and image characteristics,the basalts are divided into high-TiO2,medium-TiO2 and low-TiO2 basalts.Discussion was made on division of tectonic units and evolution features in the study area.The geological map of the Sinus Iridum Quadrangle （LQ-4） at a scale of 1∶2.5 M was preliminarily compiled with the ArcGIS system,and the spatial database of the map was established.Related technical specification,procedure and method for lunar geological mapping have been worked out,so as to lay a foundation for the forthcoming geological mapping of the global Moon in China by using the data of Chang＇E-Ⅱ and also for comprehensive study and geological mapping of other celestial bodies in the future.

The Kalahari Impacts Hypothesis for the Birth of the Moon： Did Morokweng Meteorite Impact （145 Ma） Break up the Gondwanaland and Ignite Volcanic Explosion to Form the Moon？

When gigantic meteorite impact sites in Southern Africa are plotted on the geological map of the region, they overlap with the SW-NE fault lines and it indicates that meteorite impacts have contributed to the geological structure of the region. The Morokweng Meteorite Impact of 145 Ma （Million years ago）, at the J/K （Jurassic/Cretaceous） boundary, seems to have broken up the Gondwanaland. It is plausible that, at the time of continental break-up, seawater poured into Morokweng crater and ignited a gigantic volcanic eruption which delivered low viscose magma into the outer space to form the Moon. An extremely flat surface of the Megakalahari extending 3,800,000 sq. km at 800-1,200 m above sea level in the central and southern Africa seems to be the terrestrial residue of fluid magma at the end of the volcanic event.

Possible Water and Ice on the Moon Revealed by Discovery of a Congeliturbated Fan

The nature of the Moon＇s surface has always been controversial. American scientists first suggested that there has been water and ice on the Moon （Watson et al., 1961）, a hypothesis supported by some but not other researchers （Compiling Committee, 2006; Ouyang, 2005; Wang, 2010）. So whether there has been or is any water on the Moon or not, is a matter of heated debate.

A Lunar LIGO for NASA’s Return to the Moon

The feasibility of a Lunar LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) was introduced in 1986 as part of NASA’s planned return to the Moon by the end of the last century. That return to the Moon mission was cancelled, but is once again planned as Artemis in 2024. In this paper, the feasibility of such a Lunar LIGO as part of NASA’s return there will be discussed for that program. Details of the physics of the original Lunar LIGO proposal as a potential portion of future lunar base astronomy and astrophysics designs are presented. Results from NASA’s original planned return to the Moon to establish a gravitational wave observatory there are presented and discussed.

On Conflicts Between Values and Reality of Strickland in The Moon And Sixpence

William Somerset Maugham is one of the greatest English novelist and playwright at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.One of his most well-know work is his second novel The Moon And Sixpence.The paper mainly focuses on the analysis of conflicts the Strickland faced between spiritual pursuit and the realistic conditions.Through the analysis of conflicts of the leading characters,the following conclusions have been reached:In the journey to the moon,although Strickland abandoned the rich material life and his decent work,in the end,he still succeeded in realizing his ideal and endowed life with different colors.

Study on the Emotions Conveyed by the Moon Image in Classical Poetry

Image is an abnormal description of a word or phrase used to create artistic conception in classical poem writing.This paper focuses on the literal meaning of image and symbolic meaning of the moon by analyzing typical moon-chanting poems of Li Bai,to illustrate the role of image in ancient poetry writing.

The Sun or the Moon?

1.Wang Xiaoer came out ofa bar,drunk.2.He raised his head andlooked up into the sky.3. There was a roundball shining.He won-dered:'What's that inthe sky?'

A lunar time scale from the perspective of the Moon’s dynamic evolution

A geologic time scale is a chronological system that separates the geological strata of a planetary body into different units in temporal sequence and shows its progressive evolution.The time scale of the Moon was established a half-century ago during the telescopic-early Apollo exploration era,using data with limited spatial coverage and resolution.The past decades have seen a wide array of studies,which have significantly extended our understanding of global lunar geologic evolution.Based on a comprehensive review of lunar evolution with respect to the dynamical changes,we propose two major updates to the current lunar time scale paradigm to include the evolution of both endogenic and exogenic dynamic forces now known to have influenced early lunar history.Firstly,based on the temporal interplay of exogenic and endogenic processes in altering the Moon,we defined three Eon/Eonothem-level units to represent three dynamical evolutionary phases.Secondly,the pre-Nectarian System is redefined and divided as the magma ocean-era Magma-oceanian System and the following Aitkenian System beginning with the South Pole-Aitken basin.The ejecta of this basin,Das Formation,was deposited on the primordial lunar crust as the oldest stratum produced from exogenic processes.The updated lunar time scale,facilitated by the post-Apollo exploration and research advances,provides an integrated framework to depict the evolution of the Moon and has important implications for the geologic study of other terrestrial planets.

Geological Characteristics and Model Ages of Marius Hills on the Moon

Marius Hills is a volcanic plateau on the nearside of the Moon. It is of great interest for its high concentration of volcanic features, including domes, cones, ridges, and rilles. However, the morphological and chronological characteristics of this plateau were not well studied due to the low resolution of early mission data. This study describes the detailed morphology of the volcanic features using the latest high spatial resolution images of the Terrain Camera （TC） onboard Selene-1 （10 m/pix） and Narrow Angle Camera （NAC） onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter （LRO） （0.5 m/pix）. We report here some new structures such as skylights and remnants of lava tubes. We have divided spectrally homogenous areas with Clementine UVVIS data and did crater size frequency distribution （CSFD） measurements with Lunar Orbiter （LO） IV and TC images in every spectral unit. We first report absolute model ages of 1.10 Ga for Marius basalt 1, 1.49 Ga for Fiamsteed basalt, and 1.46 Ga for Schiaparelli Basalt. In addition, we have identified several younger lava events： they are Marius basalt 2 （814 Ma）, medium to low titanium basalt （949 Ma）, and undifferentiated medium titanium basalt （687 Ma）. Finally, we propose a mantle plume scenario for the formation of Marius Hills, which could solve the inconsistency of previous models.

"Fourth World," "Third Nature," and the Poetic Imagination of Eastern Ecological Wisdom: An Analysis of The Last Quarter of the Moon by Chi zijian

tIn her novel The Last Quarter of the Moon,Chi Zijian,while narrating the history of the extinction of the Evenki people,constructs a"spiritual time"that contends with linear time and the"Third Nature"filled with the universal love of humanity,creating a"Fourth World"where humanity and nature come together in a spirituality that goes beyond life and death.This represents a profound ecological consideration and offers enlightenment for the psychological crisis of contemporary times.With poetic language,Chi expresses her estimation of the course of human civilization and the contemporary crisis of spiritual ecology,thereby constructing the ecological wisdom of the Oriental peoples with poetic aesthetics and imagination.

Map of the Moon

China releases data about the Moon collected its first lunar probe China has finished the full map of the Moon based on data obtained by its lunar probe Chang ’e 1,said Ouyang Ziyuan,chief scientist of China’s lunar exploration program and an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),at a press conference about the scientific achievements made by Chang’e 1 on July 16,2010.

Approaching the Moon

China’s second unmanned lunar probe,Chang’e-2,completed its second braking on October 8.The satellite needs to brake three times before entering the designed 118-minute orbit around the Moon.The first braking,shown by virtual animation on a screen in the Beijing Aerospace Control Center in this picture,succeeded on October 6.

Over the Moon

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (right) applauds after he unveiled China’s first photo of the moon surface,taken by its lunar probe Chang’e-1,in Beijing on November 26. The framed black-and-white photo,grouping 19 images,shows part of the moon’s highland that is mainly composed of plagioclase,a

The Moon in Close Up

Chinese scientists have designed lunar rovers, and plan to land one on the Moon in 201 3 Anifty gold-colored vehicle equipped with two solar panel wings

When the Moon Is Perfect

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for all Chinese people to enjoy the Moon while making family reunion september 22 will be the Mid-Autumn Festival, a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month eachyear according to the lunar calendar.

The Dark Side of the Moon

A combo photo released by the China National Space Administration(CNSA)on December 11 shows a crater on the dark side of the moon.This image was reportedly taken by Chang’e-1, the country’s first lunar probe,on December 4. On December 12,a grand ceremony was held in Beijing to celebrate the success of the first stage of China’s lunar probe program.President Hu Jintao announced on the occasion that

Shooting at the Moon (A Folk Story of the Yao Ethnic Nationality)

ACCORDING to legend, long, long ago there was only the sun in the sky. But suddenly one night, a strangely shaped moon appeared, it’s light scorched the grain seedlings in the fields, and thc terrified people prayed to heaven for help. At the foot of a mountain lived a beautiful lady named Ni Er and her husband, Ya La. She was in no mood to weave her brocade