Analysis of plant resources and diversity in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains

Taihang Mountains are situated between Shanxi Province and the North China Plain,spanning Beijing,Hebei,Shanxi,and Henan provinces and cities.The mountains extend from northeast to southwest for over 400 km,naturally deviding the second step from the third one in China.The southeastern area of Taihang Mountains specifically refers to Changzhi City and Jincheng Administrative Region of Shanxi Province.Given Shanxi Province’s robust development plans for the southeast area of Taihang Mountains,the medicinal plant resources in this area will be affected.Therefore,it is imperative and urgent to conduct a comprehensive investigation and study on the medicinal plant resources in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains.By means of field investigation,literature review,and specimen identification,the plant resources and diversity of two counties in the southeast of Taihang Mountains were evaluated.The findings revealed 234 plants species across 172 genera in 70 families,primarily comprising angiosperms.The families with more species included Compositae,Leguminosae,Rosaceae,Labiatae,Ranunculaceae.Among the genera,those with more species were Cynanchum,Selaginella,Clematis,Thalictrum,and Rhamnus.A total of 114 medicinal plants were identified,constituting 48.72%of the total.Regarding medicinal parts,the concentration is in roots and rhizomes,followed by whole plants and fruits.On the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions on the development,utilization,and protection of medicinal plant resources in southeast Taihang Mountains were made.These suggestions provide valuable insights for the study on medicinal plant resources and vegetation in the southeast of Taihang Mountains,serving as a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of wild medicinal plant resources.

Investigation and analysis of vascular plant resources and diversity in Wuyi Mountain,Fujian Province

Wuyi Mountain,located in the north of Fujian Province,China,is renowned for its abundant medicinal plant resources.In July 2014,the 8th(second team)of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University’s Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigation in the area.Through specimen collection and extensive literature review,the team identified and analyzed 223 vascular plant species from 175 genera and 85 families.The most dominant families were Compositae and Rosaceae,and perennial herbs were the predominant species,accounting for 44.39%of the total species identified.Notably,we documented five precious and rare medicinal plants unique to Wuyi Mountain.This study updates the database of plant resources and diversity in the region,providing a valuable reference for future studies.Finally,we put forward some suggestions to enhance the conservation and sustainable utilization of Wuyi Mountain’s plant resources.

Analysis of plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Balluk Mountain is located between the Tianshan Mountains and the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang Province.Influenced by the humid air and diverse landforms of Lake Alacuri,the unique climate of Mount Baluk nourishes excellent pastures and supports numerous wildlife,making it rich in plant resources.The 9th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigations,literature reviews,and specimen identification to study the plant resources and diversity of Balluk Mountain in Xinjiang Province.A total of 235 species of medicinal plants belonging to 59 families and 159 genera were collected during the period from July to August 2015 in this area.The dominant families observed were Asteraceae,Caryophyllaceae,Lamiaceae,Ranunculaceae,Rosaceae and Umbelliferae,with 35,11,14,12,27,and 13 species respectively.These families account for over 47.4%of the total species collected,though comprising only 10.2%of the total number of families.At the genus level,Artemisia was found to be the most dominant genus with eight species,contributing to 0.63%of the total genera,while representing 3.4%of the total species abundance.Overall,this study provides an updated analysis of the plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain.Several species have been identified to possess significant medicinal properties and hold potential for various research fields,including natural product chemistry and drug development.The study also offers practical and meaningful suggestions for strengthening the protection and utilization of plant resources in the area.By implementing these suggestions,we can better preserve the plant diversity in Balluk Mountain and ensure the sustainable use of these valuable resources.

Protection and Quality Control of Wild Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Nature Reserves by Taking Longyuwan Scenic Spot Within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve as an Example

This paper discussed how to protect and control the quality of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in nature reserves by taking Longyuwan National Forest Park within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve as an example. Through the combination of three methods including literature review, visiting and investigational studies, and field surveys, the data of investigation, collection and collation were analyzed. According to data of surveys, collection and collation, problems related to the protection of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources faced by Longyuwan Scenic Spot within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve were also analyzed and protection strategies and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in this nature reserve were discussed. It was expected that the results would provide important scientific references for the sustainable development, protection and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources within nature reserves.

Investigation on vascular plant resources and their diversity in Wuzhishan,China

Wuzhishan,located in the central part of Hainan Island and characterized by undulating terrain and diverse vegetation,is rich in plants.In October 2020,field investigations were carried out by the 14th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team.Through specimen collection and literature retrieval,the team collected and analyzed vascular plants,resulting in the identification of 455 species belonging to 328 genera in 145 families.The dominant families are Leguminosae,Malvaceae,Compositae,Rubiaceae,Lauraceae,Pteridaceae,and Polypodiaceae.The main dominant species were perennial herb,comprising 147 species,32.31%of the total.From the 367 species of medicinal vascular plants,the team screened and recorded 20 species of Li medicine according to indications of the medicinal use and the part of the plant used.As a result,the dominant families of vascular plants were similar to medicinal vascular plants,which means vascular plants is an important medicinal resource in Wuzhishan.Based on the investigation and research,further suggestions were made to strengthen the conservation and utilization of plant resources in Wuzhishan.

Analysis of wild vascular plant resources and diversity in Taibai Mountains of Qinling area,Shaanxi Province

Taibai Mountains,located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains,are composed of the Yuan Taibai Mountain(also known as East Taibai Mountain),Aoshan Mountain(also known as West Taibai Mountain)and their connection part.With its complex geographical and climatic conditions,Taibai Mountains are extremely rich in wild plant resources.Based on field investigation,literature review and specimen identification,wild vascular plants resources and their diversity in Taibai Mountains were studied by the sixth Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Resources Scientific Expedition Team of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.222 species of vascular plants belonging to 163 genera and 63 families were collected during July 2012 in this area,and most of the plants are angiosperms.The families with more species are Liliaceae,Ranunculaceae,Asteraceae,Rosaceae,and Saxifragaceae,and the dominant genus are Aconitum,Sedum,Eleutherococcus,Pedicularis,Polygonatum,and Patrinia.In terms of life form,perennial herbs are the main species,accounting for 72.97%of the total species,with others being some annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and lianas.Among all the collected vascular plants,170 species of them are medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 76.58%of the total.Most of the medicinal parts are roots and rhizomes,followed by the whole plants.Finally,on the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the protection and utilization of plant resources in Taibai Mountains.

Nutritional and medicinal characteristics of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) for applications in healthcare industry by artificial cultivation: A review

Andrias davidianus,i.e.Chinese giant salamander(CGS),is one of the largest and oldest amphibians existing in the world and is also one of the valuable biological resources of China.Wild CGS has been threatened with extinction in the past decades due to over capturing,deterioration of natural environment,the slow breeding and growth of the wild species in nature.However,in the past twenty years,with the breakthrough and progress of artificial breeding technology by artificial insemination,the number of artificially cultivated CGS has increased rapidly.Artificially cultivated CGS can either be released to the CGS living environment to increase the population in nature or legally applied in food and medicinal industry as a feedstock due to the unique nutritional and medicinal values of CGS as recorded historically.In this review,the nutritional components,bioactive components and medicinal activities of the artificially cultivated CGS will be summarized.The mucus,skin,meat and bone of CGS contain many different bioactive substances thereby having various medicinal activities including anti-aging,anti-fatigue,anti-tumor,therapy of burn and anti-infection and other physiological functions.This paper will further discuss the potential applications of the artificially cultivated CGS in healthcare industry and prospects of future technological development.

Analysis of wild medicinal vascular plant resources and diversity in Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province

Dabie Mountains are located at the junction of Anhui,Henan and Hubei provinces in the East of China.With its varied altitude,climate,and soil texture,Dabie Mountains are extremely rich in wild plant resources.The 12th Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Resources Scientific Expedition Team of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University conducted a study on wild vascular plants resources,especially medicinal vascular plants,through field investigation,literature review and specimen identification.There were 472 species of vascular plants belonging to 347 genera and 125 families collected during July 2018 in this area,of which 424 species were medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 89.83%of the total.From the perspective of medicinal parts,most of the medicinal plants there have values in their roots and rhizomes,as well as the whole plants.The efficacy and characteristics of these pharmaceutical dimensions were also summarized and analyzed in detail.Besides,among the wild vascular plants collected,the most dominant families with the biggest numbers of species are Compositae,Lamiaceae,Liliaceae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae,Ranunculaceae,Saxifragaceae and Polygonaceae,and the dominant genus are Viola and Sedum.In terms of life form,perennial herbs are dominant,accounting for 55.72%of the total species,followed by some annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and lianas.Finally,recommendations are put forward for strengthening the protection and utilization of wild medicinal plant resources in Dabie Mountains.

馆藏优秀传统文化资源再生性保护与价值释放——基于中医药古籍的调查分析

通过调查统计河南省各类图书馆、文博单位等中医药古籍资源存藏、保护、整理和利用情况,分析河南省中医药古籍资源馆藏开发整理存在的问题,提出“加强中医药古籍保护与利用工作的领导与统筹”“深入挖掘整理河南省中医药古籍资源”“确定重点保护对象,推进中医药古籍多层级保护”“加大中医药古籍保护领域复合型人才培养力度”“加强中医药古籍艺术与文化价值的发掘与传播”等推动河南省中医药发展的举措。

彝族医药研究现状与思考

彝族医药是彝族文化的结晶,也是我国少数民族医药的重要组成部分。彝医药在漫长的历史长河中护佑着彝族人民的生命健康,发展至今仍有独特的文化内涵和临床效应。从彝族医药的研究现状、资源保护与利用、彝族医药发展中面临的问题三个方面进行归纳总结,并提出相应的对策,以期为彝族医药进一步发展提供参考。

山东海岸单叶蔓荆现状分析及保护对策

单叶蔓荆是蔓荆子药材的来源,也是重要的野生海岸保护植被,是聚社会、生态、药用价值于一体的重要资源。鉴于目前单叶蔓荆资源受到严重破坏实情,以第四次全国中药资源普查数据为基础,结合实地调研,对山东省单叶蔓荆资源分布情况和资源特点进行分析,并针对目前单叶蔓荆资源栖息地受损严重、种质资源单一、市场效益欠佳等主要问题,提出建立保护基地、选育新品种、多用途开发等多条针对性对策建议,旨在为沿海沙质海岸单叶蔓荆种源的保护和发展利用提供客观依据。

我国草原地区野生药材资源的法律保护

我国传统中医药在中华民族的发展史上是一颗璀璨的明珠,野生药材是中医发展的基础。基于生境(草原)+生物(野生药材资源)+文化(民族医药知识)整体系统观,分析我国草原地区野生药材资源的立法现状,发现我国草原地区野生药材资源立法冲突,草原生态补偿制度未将禁止采狩野生药材纳入到补偿范围内,草原地区野生药材资源法律保护未与民族区域自治和国家公园建设相衔接,草原地区野生药材遗传资源保护不足。因此,应当加强草原地区野生药材资源立法,将禁止采狩野生药材纳入到草原生态补偿范围,通过统一法律概念来促进野生药材资源立法的衔接,推动野生药材遗传资源的法律保护,促进我国生态文明建设。

贵州省雷山县中药资源多样性分析研究

目的:对雷山县野生中药资源开展调查研究,完成第四次全国中药资源普查任务,掌握雷山县中药资源现状。方法:通过野外样地调查和线路调查开展中药资源普查工作,查阅相关资料和文献对药用植物进行鉴定,对调查数据进行整理分析。结果:调查发现药用植物140科377属486种;被子植物占比最高,为91.36%;物种组成以单种科占比最高,为48.57%,优势科有菊科、豆科和百合科,所含种最多的为菊科,44个种;生活型以草本植物为主,为56.79%;药用部位以根和根茎类为主,全草类次之;中药资源重点品种共110种,其中样方内发现58种;国家重点保护野生药用植物18种。结论:雷山县药用植物资源具有物种丰富、类群多样、结构立体等特点,凸显高山冷凉区域植物多样性。该调查为开发和利用中药资源,丰富中药资源数据提供了依据。

青藏高原地区植物药材资源保护现状分析

随着社会的不断发展及大健康产业的不断壮硕,藏医药在全国乃至全世界的不断普及,国家支持中医药和民族医药发展的宏伟蓝图下,藏医药的市场需求剧增,尤其是植物药材的需求更是供不应求,同时如何解决植物药材可持续使用已成为迫在眉睫的大问题。藏药材主要来源于青藏高原地区,对推动卫生医疗进步和经济发展有巨大的潜在价值,也是青藏高原地区重要的科技、文化和生态资源,是世界屋脊给予人类宝贵的大健康资源。随着国家政策的大力支持,我国藏医药产业的发展已迈上了一个崭新的台阶。通过实地考察和访谈调研等方式,综合分析了青藏高原地区藏医药目前发展的状况、现有问题及建议方案。同时通过翻阅大量藏医药典籍及各地区使用植物药材现状,总结归纳,为今后植物药材的合理使用和资源保护等提供了参考。

野生动物资源的刑法保护体系完善研究

野生动物资源的刑法保护是重要和必要的,与野生动物的刑法保护理念发展同步,我国刑法有关野生动物资源的保护体系已逐渐走向精细化,“野生动物资源”法益的内涵亦随之更新。我国现行刑法对野生动物资源的保护存在保护类型粗放、入罪标准重心偏离、刑罚裁量较为轻缓等困境,难以满足野生动物资源法益完整保护的需要。不同类型的野生动物资源因核心法益内容,以及具体法益内容占比的不同,其刑法保护诉求也不尽相同。为此,刑法应在复合法益结构的基础上对野生动物资源进行类型化、个别化保护,并以此为基础实现我国野生动物资源刑法保护体系的完善:着重实现涉人工繁育野生动物资源之刑法保护体系的区分性构建;通过优化破坏野生动物资源犯罪价值核算适用标准,完善此类犯罪的入罪标准;在对破坏野生动物资源犯罪量刑时,要从严把握缓刑适用标准,并准确划定生态恢复措施的适用范围。

黑龙江省甘南县野生药用植物资源调查与评价

调查黑龙江省甘南县野生药用植物资源的分布、种类,分析该县域现有药用植物资源现状,为甘南县中药资源开发、保护和合理利用提供相应依据。依据全国中药资源普查技术规范和中药资源普查信息管理系统划分调查代表区域,结合样地调查、线路调查和访问调查等方法进行外业调查,样本收集,标本制作与鉴定,并对调查结果进行处理与分析。共调查了38个样地190个样方套,记录野生药用植物49科128属179种,其中含有重点药材品种15科27种。结论:黑龙江省甘南县药用植物资源种类较为丰富,应制定适宜的计划,加强管理,实现甘南县县域内中药资源的合理开发与可持续发展。

福建省漳平市药用植物资源的多样性研究

目的:调查福建省漳平市药用植物资源的现状及特点,为该市中药资源合理开发利用策略的制定提供科学依据。方法:依据第四次全国中药资源普查实施方案,采用样地与样线相结合的方法进行实地调查,对当地药用植物进行分类统计和分析。结果:本次调查收录到药用植物共计189科661属1212种,其中多年生草本植物的数量最多,药用部位使用频次最高的是根及根茎类药材。重点调查的中药资源71种,特色药用植物资源36种,国家重点保护的野生植物21种。结论:漳平市药用植物资源丰富,具有良好的生物多样性,但许多野生药用植物的蕴藏量呈减少趋势,建议结合当地实际情况,采取有效措施,确保当地中药资源的可持续发展。

探索中前行——《中药材保护和发展规划(2015—2020年)》实施与思考

中药材是关系国计民生的战略性资源,是中医药传承和发展几千年的重要物质基础。国家工业和信息化部、中医药局等12部门于2015年联合制定《中药材保护和发展规划(2015—2020年)》,重点部署中药材保护和发展七项主要建设任务。通过对《规划》实施情况总结评估研究可以看到,截至2020年,完成了总体发展目标及7项具体指标,重点解决了我国部分野生中药材资源流失、枯竭,中药材供应短缺的问题;推动缓解了滥用化肥、农药、生长调节剂等问题;有效改善了中药材生产经营管理粗放、供需信息交流不畅等问题。整体而言,达到以发展促保护、以保护促发展,通过科学发展中药材生产,减少对野生中药材的依赖,实现中药产业持续发展与生态环境保护相协调的目的,然而仍存在缺乏准确信息引导、价格形成机制尚未完全建立、中药材全过程追溯体系尚不健全等问题和不足。建议“十四五”时期,持续强化中药资源保护和可持续发展,立足新发展理念和新要求,着力构建中药材产业新发展格局。

广东荷包岛野生药用植物资源多样性研究

目的:通过实地调查,摸清广东省珠海市荷包岛野生药用植物资源分布状况,为该岛屿野生药用植物资源的保护和可持续发展提供参考依据。方法:根据第四次全国中药资源普查技术方案,通过走访调查、样地和样线调查,以及标本采集和文献查阅,对该地野生药用植物资源进行数据统计和特征分析,并与周边岛屿的药用植物资源状况进行比较。结果:荷包岛共有野生药用植物362种,隶属于104科,276属,其中重点调查野生药用植物22种,珍稀濒危野生药用植物6种。野生药用植物中以多年生草本植物为主,有103种。菊科为荷包岛野生药用植物的优势科。以根及根茎类部位入药的最多。结论:与周边岛屿相比,荷包岛野生药用植物资源较为丰富,但在特殊的生境条件下,该地生态系统较为脆弱。建议加强资源监测和科学研究,建立本土药用植物资源数据库,尽可能减少对生态环境的干扰,合理利用岛屿内的野生药用植物资源。

探析野生动物资源的保护及持续利用

野生动物资源在自然界中占据着十分重要的地位,对生态系统平衡有着极大的影响。近年来,随着生态文明理念深入人心,民众越来越关注野生动物资源的保护与利用工作。论述了野生动物资源的保护及持续利用的主要价值,分析了野生动物资源保护与利用现状以及现阶段存在的不足之处,提出了几点科学、合理的对策,以供相关人士参考。