Spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies against the background of the gully control and land consolidation project on the Loess Plateau,China

Studying the spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their interrelationships on the Loess Plateau against the background of the gully control and land consolidation(GCLC)project has significant implications for ecological protection and quality development of the Yellow River Basin.Therefore,in this study,we took Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province of China,as the study area,selected four typical ecosystem services,including soil conservation service,water yield service,carbon storage service,and habitat quality service,and quantitatively evaluated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services from 2010 to 2018 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)model.We also analysed the relationship between the GCLC project and regional ecosystem service changes in various regions(including 1 city,2 districts,and 10 counties)of Yan'an City and proposed a coordinated development strategy between the GCLC project and the ecological environment.The results showed that,from 2010 to 2018,soil conservation service decreased by 7.76%,while the other three ecosystem services changed relatively little,with water yield service increasing by 0.56% and carbon storage service and habitat quality service decreasing by 0.16% and 0.14%,respectively.The ecological environment of Yan'an City developed in a balanced way between 2010 and 2018,and the four ecosystem services showed synergistic relationships,among which the synergistic relationships between soil conservation service and water yield service and between carbon storage service and habitat quality service were significant.The GCLC project had a negative impact on the ecosystem services of Yan'an City,and the impact on carbon storage service was more significant.This study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of the ecological benefits of the GCLC project and the realization of a win-win situation between food security and ecological security.

Target Entities of Total Quality Management Based on the New TQM and Three-Dimensional Unification Value Models

In recent years, the method of TQM (Total Quality Management) is widely recognized. However, contents of target entities for assessment are various, and it is very difficult to define the whole scope of TQM. On the other hand, it is very important to define the whole target entities of quality management about the TQM because lack of important target entities may cause significant risk of loss in future. Furthermore, target entities of TQM should correspond to needs and priority of an objective requirement and that should be based on the consideration of basic principle of quality management. In the previous study, we have proposed the “framework of new TQM” of assessment for a total quality management of organizations based on the original concept of “TQM matrix”. On the other hand, we have proposed the view point of “Three-Dimensional Unification Value Models” for an evaluation of system product. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the target entities of whole assessment of quality management of organization totally based on the consideration of “New TQM framework” and the view point of “Three-Dimensional Unification Value Models”. Also, this paper proposes the result of verification based on the result of comparison between proposed target entities of assessment and American Malcolm Baldrige Prize for Performance Excellence.

General Frame Work of New TQM Based on the ISO/IEC25000 Series of Standard

Generally, for quality improvement of an organization management, TQM (Total Quality Management) is used worldwide and recognized. However, contents of activity are various, and it is difficult for organization to define the whole scope of TQM. It is very important that the activity theme about the TQM is based on the consideration of the needs and priority from the objective requirement, which should correspond to the basic consideration of quality management. If we have selected the wrong theme, and missed understanding about importance and priority of target for TQM, it may cause a significant risk in the organization management. For example, the company which got a high evaluation about the quality of management has poor management and disgraceful affair after several years, and it is a case reaching the bankruptcy. We worked on a study for improvement of technique for quality requirement and evaluation of system for many years, and have participated in the development of international standard for supporting the quality requirements and evaluation of system in ISO/IECJTC1/SC7. The organization having a specific purpose is a kind of system. It is thought that evaluation technique of the system quality is adaptive for a quality evaluation of the organization management. Therefore, this study suggests the new framework of TQM from the view point of the general framework of management defined in ISO/IEC25040 and TQM matrix. Furthermore, this paper presents the result of comparison between proposed action theme derived from a framework of new TQM and the example of existing TQM, and reports an inspection result of the effectiveness.

Common Management Process Model of New TQM Based on the Situation Analysis

In the previous study, we suggested the concept of new TQM based on the consideration of basic concept of Quality Control. Also, in the previous study, we suggested the target domains and entities of product and process based on the TQM Matrix and view point of Three Dimensional Unification Value Models for managing quality of organization systems. Furthermore, in the previous study, we suggest the Common Management Process of organizations. Based on the above suggestion, in this paper, we would like to propose the Common Management Process Model of Total Quality Management based on the consideration of situation analysis and more precise definition of TQM Matrix and Three Dimensional Unification Value Model of “Product and Process”. Improvement of quality and efficiency of organization management can be expected by the integration of conventional different management such as quality assurance, quality improvement, risk management, investment individually from the view point of common management process.

浅议油气田地面建设工程质量管理DiscussiononQualityManagementofGroundConstructionProjectinOilandGasField

本文以油气田地面工程质量管理为切入点,在概述油气田地面建设工程质量管理应遵守的原则的基础上,分析油气田地面建设工程质量管理中存在的问题,探讨了加强油气田地面建设工程质量管理的策略,旨在说明质量管理在油气田地面建设工程建设中的重要性,以期指导实践。

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus by HPLC-DAD and chemometric methods

An efficient method for quality control of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus (FAI),a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was established. A simple and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD) procedure coupled with chemometric methods was developed for fingerprint analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitative determination of this herb. In qualitative and quantitative analyses,heuristic evolving latent projection (HELP) method was employed to resolve the overlapping peaks of the tested samples. Two bioactive components,namely hesperidin and naringin,are confirmed and determined,together with four flavonoids compounds tentatively identified including two new ones. From fingerprint analysis,the fingerprint data were processed with correlation coefficients for quantitative expression of their similarity and dissimilarity. The developed method based on an integration of chromatographic fingerprint and quantitative analysis is scientific,and the obtained results can be applied to the quality control of herb medicine.

白蚁防治工程质量第三方评估体系初探

白蚁防治工程质量控制是开展项目管理的核心目标和重要工作内容之一。基于行业管理现状和发展趋势,提出采用第三方评估的模式来加强白蚁防治职能部门的质控力度。初步构建了白蚁防治工程质量第三方评估的基本体系框架,确定了评估的目标、原则、流程与内容,认为第三方评估应坚持“公平、公正、公开”等原则,实现全流程控制和全过程管理,对白蚁防治工程项目的技术方案、防治用品、实施人员、施工操作、质量和效果等方面进行全面系统地评估,确保项目规范实施,提升白蚁防治公益服务效能。

数字时代企业的业财融合与组织韧性研究

数字时代组织的形式、边界和运营方式发生了重大转变,企业的外部经营环境也面临着宏观环境不确定性、风险突发性、多变性等多重考验,这使得组织韧性成为管理与实践领域新的研究重点。基于此,本文将业财融合这一数字时代新兴的管理模式上升至组织战略层面,基于2006—2021年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,采用双向固定效应模型实证检验业财融合对组织韧性的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:业财融合能够提升组织韧性;业财融合对高数字化转型程度企业、CEO具有财务背景企业、高业务复杂度企业组织韧性的提升作用更显著;业财融合通过加强内部控制质量和提高投资效率提升组织韧性。本文的研究结论对企业在数字时代提升组织韧性和克服传统风险管理所面临的问题具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。

内部控制质量、融资约束与投融资期限错配——基于采矿业上市公司的实证分析

针对内部控制质量、融资约束与投融资期限错配的关系问题,以2012—2021年采矿业上市公司为研究样本,采用实证研究的方法,分析内部控制质量、融资约束与投融资期限错配之间的关系。研究表明:内部控制质量与投融资期限错配显著负相关;内部控制质量与融资约束显著负相关;内部控制质量通过缓解融资约束减少投融资期限错配,融资约束在内部控制质量与投融资期限错配的关系中发挥部分中介效应;内部控制质量对投融资期限错配的影响在非国有企业和金融资产配置水平较低的企业中更显著。研究结论为提高企业内部控制质量、缓解融资约束、减少投融资期限错配提供参考。

基于价值链理论的公立医院修缮工程投资控制探索与实践

目的 公立医院修缮工程为医院各项工作提供环境基础,也为医院发展提供安全保障,通过投资管理促使医院修缮工程实现成本最低、效率最高、满足患者就医需求、提高核心竞争力的目标。方法 基于价值链理论分析公立医院修缮工程投资控制的基本活动,对投资控制影响较大的事项进行针对性改进。结果 基于价值链理论的投资管理能够帮助医院完善管理的组织架构,促使管理过程更加精细,提高了修缮工程管理效率,促使工程造价更加合理。结论 基于价值链视角能够针对公立医院修缮工程投资控制的关键性工作,提出有效的管理和改进措施,提升了投资控制管理效果,丰富了投资控制的管理理论。

某机构药物临床试验自查发现问题及管理措施探讨

目的对某机构药物临床试验数据自查收集的问题进行分析,探究临床试验开展过程中问题发生原因,提出临床试验质量提高的建议和看法,为项目管理和其他机构提供参考。方法收集某机构156个项目自查发现问题,对照《药品注册核查要点与判定原则(药物临床试验)(试行)》进行分类,对发现问题进行统计和分析。结果130个项目存在违反药品注册核查要点与判定原则的不合格项共计1069项,其中在临床试验许可与条件方面存在不合格项132项(占12.35%);在临床试验实施过程方面存在不合格项799项(占74.74%);在试验用药品管理方面存在不合格项61项(占5.71%);在生物样品管理方面存在不合格项46项(占4.30%)。结论本次研究显示,该机构在临床试验实施过程、临床试验许可与条件两方面发现问题占比较大,建议应完善质量控制模式、开展药物临床试验自查、实施信息化管理,对提高药物临床试验质量具有可借鉴性意义。

对外直接投资多元化、海归高管与内部控制审计--OFDI企业的内部控制审计师选择思路

以2012—2018年的A股OFDI企业为样本,在企业国际多元化发展的视角下研究了OFDI企业选聘内部控制审计师的问题。实证结果表明,企业内外部国际化发展特征越明显,企业越倾向于选择高国际声誉的审计师,具体表现为当企业的海外背景高管比例越高,企业对外直接投资的程度越高时,企业越倾向于选择“国际四大”。进一步的研究还表明,企业东道国的经济发展水平越高,不仅会约束自身的盈余管理倾向,还能督促“国际四大”提高审计质量,说明东道国的制度环境与“国际四大”存在监管的协同作用。

TOFD在亭子口水利枢纽电站蜗壳焊缝质量检测中的应用

超声波衍射时差法(TOFD)可以弥补常规无损检测进行焊缝质量检测时的局限性,有效提高缺陷检出率。介绍了TOFD在亭子口水利枢纽工程蜗壳焊缝质量检测中的应用,对超声波探伤和TOFD检测结果进行了比较。实践表明,TOFD技术不仅可以改善施工条件、提高焊接质量,还可以缩短工期、减少环保潜在风险。

信息化管理平台下造价咨询项目实施进度跟踪与质量管控策略

为了提高造价咨询项目实施进度跟踪效率与质量管控水平,在信息化管理平台下,开展了造价咨询项目实施进度跟踪与质量管控策略研究。分析信息化管理平台的功能与特点,基于其功能与特点,构建集信息采集、存储、处理、分析、共享和管理于一体的信息化管理平台,在此基础上,提出了以制定造价咨询项目实施计划、建立进度跟踪体系、实施进度跟踪与调整、规范化造价咨询项目审计工作、建立质量管控机制为核心的项目实施进度跟踪与质量管控策略,为项目实施进度跟踪与质量管控提供基础保障。

PPP项目实施全过程投资控制研究

研究了当前PPP项目投资方面的常见问题,包括产业导入与招商引资力度不够、前期经济性评价不客观、投资过程控制力度弱、项目运营缺少投资管控等,并以莱西市海绵城市建设项目为案例,剖析了在PPP项目全过程投资控制中的具体做法,强调要客观科学地开展PPP项目前期经济性评价,严格管控PPP项目实施各环节的成本,提高PPP项目投资成本控制的成效。

加油站工程建设投资控制

为了更好地控制加油站工程建设项目的建设成本,避免竣工结算超出批复投资估算,保障加油站建设项目的经济效益,建设单位应采取必要的措施对项目进行全周期的投资控制。文章针对加油站工程建设中投资控制常见的问题及难点进行了剖析,并结合工程建设实践,提出了相应的控制措施,希望对加油站工程建设投资控制研究起到借鉴作用。

石化项目超概算原因分析及控制投资建议

根据《成品油与新能源蓝皮书》,2022年国内总炼油能力、乙烯产能均成为世界第一。国内炼油、化工向大型化、一体化、基地化、园区化、数字化和绿色化发展。随着工程规模增大、技术更新加快,投资控制的难度也在日益增加,项目超概算现象时有发生。项目参与各方面对超概算没有行之有效的管理办法,文章结合石化项目案例对比分析超概原因,并提出一些控制投资建议供参考。