Under the background of“co-construction,co-governance,and sharing,”the role of the grassroots level is becoming increasingly important.In the past,the governance body was single with blocked information,and the inef...Under the background of“co-construction,co-governance,and sharing,”the role of the grassroots level is becoming increasingly important.In the past,the governance body was single with blocked information,and the inefficient governance mode required gradual transformation.In order to achieve collaborative governance and break through the obstacles in grassroots governance,the key lies in how to play the role of the community,coordinate the relationship between citizens and the community,and allow the community to better play the role of grassroots governance.Under the guidance of the concept of collaborative governance and combined with relevant data,this paper discusses the problems and current situation of community governance in Daqing City,China,explores the path to improve the efficiency of urban community governance,and puts forward relevant constructive suggestions to better realize the role of community in grassroots governance.展开更多
In this article we use the Urban Political Ecology approach to show that by analysing governance networks we can better understand the production of certain socio-environmental transformations that negatively affect s...In this article we use the Urban Political Ecology approach to show that by analysing governance networks we can better understand the production of certain socio-environmental transformations that negatively affect some social groups while benefiting others. Drawing upon two case studies in the UK, the article explores the dialectical relationships between different modes of urban governance on one hand and the socio-environmental transformations fulfilled in each case study on the other hand. The article concludes that although urban regeneration policies are always constrained by the neoliberal established framework of power relations, policy outputs and outcomes could be very different from one place to another, shaping uneven socio-environmental constructions. Finally, we make some recommendations in order to stimulate the production of more sustainable communities in the future.展开更多
As China’s socio-economic development is entering into a transitioning era,urban residents’demands are becoming more diversified,complicated,and fragmented.Ought to address issues regarding community environmental r...As China’s socio-economic development is entering into a transitioning era,urban residents’demands are becoming more diversified,complicated,and fragmented.Ought to address issues regarding community environmental renovation,infrastructure and facilities constructions,and efficient public service supplies,measures should be adopted to adjust the urban community governance model in China to face emergent challenges.Against this background,this paper argues that the"participating actors,""community management and organization framework,""related laws,regulations,and policies,"and"resources allocation and management"are the four crucial dimensions in urban community governance.We then adopted these four underpinnings as the theoretical framework to unravel the complex dynamics of community governance in contemporary urban China.This paper argues that the current community governance system falls short in accommodating the growing demands of community development due to"ambiguity of participating actors,""excessive administrative intervention on community management,""insufficient legislation supports,"and a"deficiency in financing management system."Therefore,this paper argues that through the pluralization of public participation,diversification of community organization modes,and the enhancement of participation accessibility,community governance performance in urban China could be drastically improved.Therefore,a pluralistic and participatory community governance model is proposed in this paper to provide additional policy implications for community governance in urban China.展开更多
Noise exposure is becoming extremely common in urban area,but its specific impact on sleep remains controversial.Considering the limitations of previous researches,a field study which can conduct both horizontal and l...Noise exposure is becoming extremely common in urban area,but its specific impact on sleep remains controversial.Considering the limitations of previous researches,a field study which can conduct both horizontal and longitudinal analysis was designed.Urban participants were tested during two weeks in their homes,and the noise level of bedroom was artificially regulated by changing the status of window and door.During the 1050 test nights in 75 households,noise exposure was reflected from both instrument monitoring at night and perception questionnaire in the morning,and sleep quality was accessed from actigraphy and questionnaire.The analysis results showed that,92.3%of the bedroom acoustic environment did not meet the minimum requirements of Chinese standards,and 87.9%of subjects had ever experienced harmful noise during the test period.Furthermore,sleep quality was affected by noise exposure from the perspective of both physiological and psychological;the duration of rapid eye movement(REM)sleep was significantly(p<0.05)shortened with the increase of sound intensity,the duration of deep sleep shortened and subjective sleep quality worsened significantly(p<0.05)with the increase of acoustic sensation vote.In addition,females were more sensitive to noise exposure and their subjective sleep quality was more likely to be influenced by emotions.This study has important implications for acoustic environment design of bedrooms in cities,and suggested more attention should be paid to the anxiety caused by noise exposure.展开更多
On Jun.12,2017,the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Strengthening and Improving the Urban and Rural Community Governance were issued.They put forward an overall goal in which by 2020 a mu...On Jun.12,2017,the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Strengthening and Improving the Urban and Rural Community Governance were issued.They put forward an overall goal in which by 2020 a multi-participator and co-governance urban and rural community governance system should have been formed that展开更多
The past several years witnessed an obvious development in the public service of urban community in China although some dissatisfaction still exists. This paper analyzes the reasons and presents thoughts and suggestio...The past several years witnessed an obvious development in the public service of urban community in China although some dissatisfaction still exists. This paper analyzes the reasons and presents thoughts and suggestions on improving the public service of urban community.展开更多
Background:Asia is a region that is rapidly urbanising.While overall urban health is above rural health standards,there are also pockets of deep health and social disadvantage within urban slum and peri-urban areas th...Background:Asia is a region that is rapidly urbanising.While overall urban health is above rural health standards,there are also pockets of deep health and social disadvantage within urban slum and peri-urban areas that represent increased public health risk.With a focus on vaccine preventable disease and immunisation coverage,this commentary describes and analyses strengths and weaknesses of existing urban health and immunisation strategy,with a view to recommending strategic directions for improving access to immunisation and related maternal and child health services in urban areas across the region.The themes discussed in this commentary are based on the findings of country case studies published by the United Nations Childrens Fund(UNICEF)on the topic of immunisation and related health services for the urban poor in Cambodia,Indonesia,Mongolia,Myanmar,the Philippines,and Vietnam.Main body:Although overall urban coverage is higher than rural coverage in selected countries of Asia,there are also wide disparities in coverage between socio economic groups within urban areas.Consistent with these coverage gaps,there is emerging evidence of outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases in urban areas.In response to this elevated public health risk,there have been some promising innovations in operational strategy in urban settings,although most of these initiatives are project related and externally funded.Critical issues for attention for urban health services access include reaching consensus on accountability for management and resourcing of the strategy,and inclusion of an urban poor approach within the planning and budgeting procedures of Ministries of Health and local governments.Advancement of local partnership and community engagement strategies to inform operational approaches for socially marginalised populations are also urgently required.Such developments will be reliant on development of municipal models of primary health care that have clear delegations of authority,adequate resources and institutional capabilities to implement.Conclusions:The development of urban health systems and immunisation strategy is required regionally and nationally,to respond to rapid demographic change,social transition,and increased epidemiological risk。展开更多
文摘Under the background of“co-construction,co-governance,and sharing,”the role of the grassroots level is becoming increasingly important.In the past,the governance body was single with blocked information,and the inefficient governance mode required gradual transformation.In order to achieve collaborative governance and break through the obstacles in grassroots governance,the key lies in how to play the role of the community,coordinate the relationship between citizens and the community,and allow the community to better play the role of grassroots governance.Under the guidance of the concept of collaborative governance and combined with relevant data,this paper discusses the problems and current situation of community governance in Daqing City,China,explores the path to improve the efficiency of urban community governance,and puts forward relevant constructive suggestions to better realize the role of community in grassroots governance.
文摘In this article we use the Urban Political Ecology approach to show that by analysing governance networks we can better understand the production of certain socio-environmental transformations that negatively affect some social groups while benefiting others. Drawing upon two case studies in the UK, the article explores the dialectical relationships between different modes of urban governance on one hand and the socio-environmental transformations fulfilled in each case study on the other hand. The article concludes that although urban regeneration policies are always constrained by the neoliberal established framework of power relations, policy outputs and outcomes could be very different from one place to another, shaping uneven socio-environmental constructions. Finally, we make some recommendations in order to stimulate the production of more sustainable communities in the future.
文摘As China’s socio-economic development is entering into a transitioning era,urban residents’demands are becoming more diversified,complicated,and fragmented.Ought to address issues regarding community environmental renovation,infrastructure and facilities constructions,and efficient public service supplies,measures should be adopted to adjust the urban community governance model in China to face emergent challenges.Against this background,this paper argues that the"participating actors,""community management and organization framework,""related laws,regulations,and policies,"and"resources allocation and management"are the four crucial dimensions in urban community governance.We then adopted these four underpinnings as the theoretical framework to unravel the complex dynamics of community governance in contemporary urban China.This paper argues that the current community governance system falls short in accommodating the growing demands of community development due to"ambiguity of participating actors,""excessive administrative intervention on community management,""insufficient legislation supports,"and a"deficiency in financing management system."Therefore,this paper argues that through the pluralization of public participation,diversification of community organization modes,and the enhancement of participation accessibility,community governance performance in urban China could be drastically improved.Therefore,a pluralistic and participatory community governance model is proposed in this paper to provide additional policy implications for community governance in urban China.
基金This work was supported by the ASHRAE project 1837-RP“Effects of ventilation in sleeping environments”,2019–2022 and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52078291).
文摘Noise exposure is becoming extremely common in urban area,but its specific impact on sleep remains controversial.Considering the limitations of previous researches,a field study which can conduct both horizontal and longitudinal analysis was designed.Urban participants were tested during two weeks in their homes,and the noise level of bedroom was artificially regulated by changing the status of window and door.During the 1050 test nights in 75 households,noise exposure was reflected from both instrument monitoring at night and perception questionnaire in the morning,and sleep quality was accessed from actigraphy and questionnaire.The analysis results showed that,92.3%of the bedroom acoustic environment did not meet the minimum requirements of Chinese standards,and 87.9%of subjects had ever experienced harmful noise during the test period.Furthermore,sleep quality was affected by noise exposure from the perspective of both physiological and psychological;the duration of rapid eye movement(REM)sleep was significantly(p<0.05)shortened with the increase of sound intensity,the duration of deep sleep shortened and subjective sleep quality worsened significantly(p<0.05)with the increase of acoustic sensation vote.In addition,females were more sensitive to noise exposure and their subjective sleep quality was more likely to be influenced by emotions.This study has important implications for acoustic environment design of bedrooms in cities,and suggested more attention should be paid to the anxiety caused by noise exposure.
文摘On Jun.12,2017,the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Strengthening and Improving the Urban and Rural Community Governance were issued.They put forward an overall goal in which by 2020 a multi-participator and co-governance urban and rural community governance system should have been formed that
文摘The past several years witnessed an obvious development in the public service of urban community in China although some dissatisfaction still exists. This paper analyzes the reasons and presents thoughts and suggestions on improving the public service of urban community.
基金Funding for this research was provided through the Regional Office of UNICEF in Bangkok,Thailand.
文摘Background:Asia is a region that is rapidly urbanising.While overall urban health is above rural health standards,there are also pockets of deep health and social disadvantage within urban slum and peri-urban areas that represent increased public health risk.With a focus on vaccine preventable disease and immunisation coverage,this commentary describes and analyses strengths and weaknesses of existing urban health and immunisation strategy,with a view to recommending strategic directions for improving access to immunisation and related maternal and child health services in urban areas across the region.The themes discussed in this commentary are based on the findings of country case studies published by the United Nations Childrens Fund(UNICEF)on the topic of immunisation and related health services for the urban poor in Cambodia,Indonesia,Mongolia,Myanmar,the Philippines,and Vietnam.Main body:Although overall urban coverage is higher than rural coverage in selected countries of Asia,there are also wide disparities in coverage between socio economic groups within urban areas.Consistent with these coverage gaps,there is emerging evidence of outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases in urban areas.In response to this elevated public health risk,there have been some promising innovations in operational strategy in urban settings,although most of these initiatives are project related and externally funded.Critical issues for attention for urban health services access include reaching consensus on accountability for management and resourcing of the strategy,and inclusion of an urban poor approach within the planning and budgeting procedures of Ministries of Health and local governments.Advancement of local partnership and community engagement strategies to inform operational approaches for socially marginalised populations are also urgently required.Such developments will be reliant on development of municipal models of primary health care that have clear delegations of authority,adequate resources and institutional capabilities to implement.Conclusions:The development of urban health systems and immunisation strategy is required regionally and nationally,to respond to rapid demographic change,social transition,and increased epidemiological risk。
