Underlying Beliefs Influencing Vietnamese Nurses and Doctors in Screening for Victims of Domestic Violence: An Exploratory Study

Many health professionals in Vietnam have limited knowledge and experience in coordinating care for victims of Domestic Violence (DV). This qualitative study aimed to elicit the beliefs of nurses and doctors that are influencing the care of victims of DV. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews with nineteen nurses and doctors. Data were analyzed by content analysis and organized by three main themes;behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs. The outcomes of this study will inform the development of intervention strategies that will enable health professionals to better respond to and manage care for women who experience domestic violence in Vietnam.

The development of an interdisciplinary nurse educator doctoral program: Issues for consideration and goals for success

The nursing shortage is exacerbated by the faculty shortage, as faculty approach retirement age and too few faculty exist to replace them. Masters-prepared nurse with limited preparation for teaching may be unable to attend traditional educational programs because of work and family commitments. Without further academic preparation, these nurses are illprepared for the faculty role. The College of Nursing partnered with the College of Education to develop a nurse educator degree program to prepare nurses for the faculty role. Blended and online courses are provided by the Colleges of Nursing. The EdD. in Instructional Leadership for Nurse Educators degree can be completed in three years of coursework followed by dissertation research.

Venous thromboembolism in the emergency department:A survey of current best practice awareness in physicians and nurses in China

BACKGROUND: For emergency department(ED) patients, risk assessment, prophylaxis, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of venous thromboembolism(VTE) are essential for preventing morbidity and mortality. This study aimes to investigate knowledge amongst emergency medical staff in the management of VTE. METHODS: We designed a questionnaire based on multiple scales. The questionnaire was distributed to the medical and nursing clinical staff in the large urban ED of a medical center in Northern China. Data was described with percentages and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare ranked data between different groups. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 22.0 software.RESULTS: In this survey, 180 questionnaires were distributed and 174 valid responses(response rate of 96.67%) were collected and analyzed. In scores of VTE knowledge, no signifi cant differences were found with respect to job(doctor vs. nurse), the number of years working in clinical medicine, education level, and current position, previous hospital experience and nurses' current work location within the ED. However, in pair wise comparison, we found participants who worked in ED for more than 5 years(n=83) scored signifi cantly higher on the questionnaire than those under 5 years(n=91)(95.75 vs. 79.97, P=0.039). There was a signifi cant difference in some questions based on gender, age, job, and nurse work location, number of working years, education level, and different ED working lifetime.CONCLUSION: Our survey has shown defi ciencies among ED medical staff in knowledge and awareness of the management of VTE. We recommend several changes be considered, such as the introduction of an interdisciplinary workshop for medical staff; the introduction of a standardized VTE protocol; a mandatory study module on VTE for new physicians and nurses; the introduction of a mandatory reporting system for adverse events(including VTE).

Reviewing the trends of nursing doctoral thesis research in Hong Kong

This review aimed to analyze the trends and contributions of nursing doctoral theses produced in Hong Kong. A total of 56 nursing doctoral theses were included in this review. The most often studied topic was cardiovascular rehabilitation care (n = 9, 16%). More recently, the most often studied topics has been health technology advancements in nursing care (n = 6, 10.7%). The common trend of study methods was to be quantitative in nature. Of the total, 35 out of 56 were quantitative studies. Half were experimental/ quasi-experimental research studies (n = 28, 50%). For theoretical foundations or applications, the majority (n = 21, 36%) of doctoral theses had no specific theoretical/conceptual models as study frameworks. This trend indicates that there is space for improving the theoretical and philosophical foundation of nursing research in Hong Kong. For the contributions of doctoral thesis research, Hong Kong nursing scholars place more emphasis on direct enhancement of clinical practice or the improvement of patient outcomes. This review provides concrete evidence of the status of nursing research and knowledge development in Hong Kong nursing.

Physical assessment ability of nurses and midwives on maternal care in Mongolia

This study examined the physical assessment ability of Mongolian nurses and midwives engaged in maternal care and the factors that could influence this ability. We found that nurses and midwives from prefectural hospitals had higher scores than those from national and district (soum) hospitals. The latter group could not perform more than half of the 28 tested procedures on their own, even though most had over 10 years’ experience. Therefore, to decrease the Mongolian maternal mortality ratio, we argue that in-service training for nurses and midwives in both the capital city and peripheral areas is needed.

Awareness and Practice of Proper Health Seeking Behaviour and Determinant of Self-Medication among Physicians and Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria

Background: There is generally a lack of good health-seeking practices among health professionals due to a variety of factors, including the intensity of the medical practice itself. Doctors and nurses are perceived to have a good knowledge of ideal health-seeking behaviors and as such, it is important to determine the level of their awareness and estimate whether this knowledge is put into practice. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the level of awareness and practices of proper health-seeking behavior and to identify the factors responsible for self-medication among doctors and nurses in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between April and may 2018 among 106 doctors and 164 nurses in a tertiary health facility in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique by balloting was performed from the list of doctors and nurses in the hospital to select doctors and nurses that participated in the study. A pretested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was designed and used to collect data. The data were entered into the computer software and analyzed using SPSS version 20. P ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Result: Out of 106 doctors and 164 nurses recruited, only 102 doctors and 143 nurses filled the questionnaire completely and returned for analysis. One hundred and four respondents (42.4%) fall within the ages of 31 - 40 years with a male to female ratio of 1:1.23. Awareness of proper health seeking behavior among both doctors and nurses was high among the two groups with no statistically significant difference between them. Twenty-nine (28.0%) doctors compared with thirty-four (23.8%) nurses go for a regular medical check-up with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.411). Out of these, 5 (17.2%) doctors and 7 (23.8%) nurses visit at an interval of less than 6 month (p = 0.736). There is a statistically significant difference in the number of doctors (60.8%) compared with nurses (41.3%) that have consulted a doctor in the last one year (p = 0.003). More than half (51.6%) of this consultation among doctors was over the phone whereas 64.4% of such among nurses were via clinic appointment (p = 0.008). More doctors (90.2%) comply with their treatment prescription from physicians compared with nurses (77.6%) (p = 0.010). More nurses compared with doctors self-medicate when ill [Doctor 61.8% (63), Nurses 78.3% (112)] (p = 0.005) and had also self-medicated in the last one year [Doctor 34.3% (35), Nurses 42.7% (61)] (p = 0.187). Decreasing age, decreasing years of experience, increasing working hours, lack of health insurance, fear of confidentiality and lack of satisfaction with health services are factors that significantly increased the likelihood of self-medication among doctors and nurses within the last one year. Conclusion: Awareness of proper health seeking behavior was high but this did not translate into proper health-seeking practices among doctors and nurses. There is apathy for regular medical check-up and self-medication was also high among this group of health workers. Decreasing age and years of experience, increasing working hours, lack of health insurance, fear of confidentiality and lack of satisfaction with health services were factors were identified to significantly increase the likelihood of self-medication.

家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷的开发与应用

目的:开发并应用家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷。方法:选取我国8469名已经或即将从事家庭医生工作的基层卫生机构医生为研究对象,采用自行开发的家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷对其进行调查。结果:基本医疗服务能力7项职责中,家庭医生具备承担常见病、多发病诊治职责能力的比例最高,为94.69%,社区康复服务和合理用药、用械职责能力的比例相对较高,分别为90.94%和90.75%。基层医生具备承担危急重症应急处置、医疗服务协同等职责能力的比例较低,分别为53.74%和56.68%。73.27%的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分,东、中、西部地区的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分者分别占73.72%、77.03%、67.49%。农村地区的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力得分≥4分者占74.62%,高于城市地区(70.63%)。全科医生基本医疗服务能力得分为7分者占比最高(27.48%),执业医师占比为19.99%。结论:本研究构建的家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷可行性和可靠性较高,家庭医生服务能力自我评估调查问卷的应用有利于识别基层医生服务能力短板,能够反映家庭医生实际能力水平,符合基层工作实际情况,城乡家庭医生和不同类别的家庭医生基本医疗服务能力存在差别。

血液透析护理人力资源配置方法探索与现况调查

目的探索血液透析护理人力资源配置计算方法,了解血液透析护理人力资源配置现状,为医疗行政部门完善相关管理政策提供依据。方法建立血液透析护理人力资源配置护患比计算方法,采用自行设计的调查问卷对陕西省178所医院血液透析室护理人力资源情况进行调查。结果陕西省血液透析室全天护患比为1∶6.09(4.93,7.03),达到时点护患比1∶6.67的医院122所(68.54%)。不同性质、等级、开设班次医院全天护患比达标率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。81.46%医院血液透析护理人力资源年实际配置总人数达到理论配置总人数。结论陕西省血液透析总体护理人力配置及时点护理人力资源配置整体基本达标。建议在血液透析护理人力配比及各班次时点排班时,参考时点护患比临界值及护士人力资源总体配置数量计算方法,合理安排护理人力,以减轻护士工作压力,确保患者的透析质量和安全。

综合公立医院“医护管”一体化慢病全程管理模式探索

慢病是导致我国居民死亡的主要原因,老龄化程度的加深以及疾病年轻化趋势加剧慢病防控形势。目前以基层医疗机构为主的慢病防控模式的实际效果并不理想,同时也无法满足慢病患者对优质医疗资源的需求。为帮助解决慢病患者就医随访等问题,推动形成公立医院医防融合服务新模式,四川大学华西医院探索构建了“医护管”一体化团队协同慢病全程管理模式,为加强慢病管理提供一种新的解决方案。

基于医护患一体化护理模式在急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿化疗期间的应用效果

目的:探讨医护患一体化护理模式在急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患儿中的应用效果。方法:选择2022年1月—2023年7月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院收治的80例ALL患儿作为研究对象。随机将其分为对照组(常规健康教育)及观察组(在对照组基础上给予医护患一体化护理模式),各40例。比较两组护理效果、治疗依从性及家属满意度。结果:观察组护理总有效率为95.00%,高于对照组的77.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组总依从率为92.50%,高于对照组的75.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组家属满意度为95.00%,高于对照组的77.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:医护一体化护理模式在ALL患儿化疗期间,可进一步提升临床疗效及依从性,提高家属满意度。

MDT联合Mini-CEX模式在肿瘤学专培生护理教学中的应用价值

目的 探讨多学科会诊联合迷你临床演练评估(multiple disciplinary team+mini-clinical evaluation exercise,MDT+Mini-CEX)模式在肿瘤学专培生护理教学中的应用价值。方法 2019级9月—2021级9月,选择四川大学华西医院60名2019级—2021级肿瘤学专科医生规范化培训(简称“专培”)护理生,使用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各30名。对照组使用传统教学方法,观察组使用MDT联合Mini-CEX模式。课程结束后对2组学生进行实践操作考核、理论知识考核和问卷调查,调查教学效果。结果 观察组实践操作考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组理论知识考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。问卷调查中观察组“是”选项比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 将MDT联合Mini-CEX模式应用于肿瘤学专培生护理教学中,可以增强学生的临床实践能力,提高理论成绩,提升综合素质。

医护药共同管理模式对心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝管理的效果研究

目的评估医护药共同管理模式对心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝管理的效果,以探索心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝管理的新模式。方法采用整群抽样法选取2022—2023年海南省人民医院心脏外科收治的264例心脏瓣膜置换术患者作为研究对象,其中2022年1~6月收治的132例患者纳入对照组,实施医护共同管理模式;2023年1~6月收治的132例患者纳入干预组,实施医护药共同管理模式。分别于出院时和出院后6个月采用华法林抗凝知识问卷调查表、华法林抗凝治疗依从性问卷调查表、华法林抗凝监测记录表、抗凝宣教满意率问卷调查表评价两组患者的抗凝知识掌握程度、抗凝依从性(包括服药依从性、监测依从性和生活方式依从性)、INR值达标率、抗凝不良事件发生率和抗凝宣教满意率。结果出院时和出院后6个月,干预组患者的抗凝知识掌握程度好的患者分别为102例(72.7%)和74例(56.1%),明显高于对照组的82例(62.1%)和37例(28.1%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院时和出院后6个月,两组患者的抗凝依从性总分和三个维度得分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者出院时和出院后6个月的INR值达标率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两组患者出院后的INR值达标率均明显低于出院时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);出院时和出院后6个月,两组患者的抗凝不良事件发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但出院后6个月,两组患者的抗凝不良事件发生率均高于出院时,差异均具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);出院时两组患者的抗凝宣教满意率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),出院后6个月的抗凝宣教满意率比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05),同时,出院后6个月两组患者的抗凝宣教满意率均低于出院时,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医护药共同管理模式能够提高心脏瓣膜置换术后患者的抗凝知识掌握程度和抗凝宣教满意率,适用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者的抗凝管理。但即便引入临床药师增强了住院期间抗凝管理力度,对出院后的抗凝管理效果仍然影响甚微,需要继续探索心脏瓣膜置换术后患者出院后的抗凝管理新思路。

异基因造血干细胞移植输血不良反应风险预警模型的构建及验证

目的:探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)输血不良反应的危险因素,建立风险预警模型。方法:选取2018年1月—2023年2月我院收治的115例allo-HSCT病人作为研究对象,将其分为建模组(73例)和验证组(42例)。对病人一般资料进行调查,对病人血清中C反应蛋白(CRP)、白蛋白(ALB)、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞进行检验,计算CRP/ALB和中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR),采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析筛选allo-HSCT输血不良反应的危险因素,构建风险预警模型并转化为风险评分系统;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L)检验评价模型的区分度与校准度;对预警模型进行验证。结果:发生输血不良反应组CRP/ALB和NLR高于未发生输血不良反应组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,输血次数≥3次、有原发性血液病史、有输血史、有过敏史、病人基础体温≥38℃、发血至输血时间≥30 min、输注红细胞滴速每分钟≥50滴、输注血小板滴速每分钟≥90滴以及CRP/ALB≥0.90和NLR≥1.37是allo-HSCT发生输血不良反应的危险因素(均P<0.05)。建模组ROC曲线下面积为0.841,H-L检验结果显示P=0.856,模型的灵敏度为0.909,特异度为0.775,Youden指数为0.684。验证组ROC曲线下面积为0.798,H-L检验结果显示P=0.813,灵敏度为0.818,特异度为0.775,Youden指数为0.593。结论:构建的allo-HSCT输血不良反应风险预警模型预测效能较好,可为allo-HSCT输血不良反应的护理提供针对性的指导。

护理学博士研究生导师队伍与招生情况分析

目的了解中国护理学一级学科授权点博士研究生导师队伍结构及招生情况,为护理学科发展提供参考。方法收集并整理2021年24所院校中护理学博士研究生导师信息,分析护理学博士研究生导师数量、结构、分布、招生数量及招生方向。结果24所院校护理学博士研究生导师共计120名,招收108名博士,师均招生不足1人。护理学博士研究生导师以女性为主(77.5%),年龄集中于50~59岁(60.0%),职称以正高级为主(95.0%),最高学历以博士为主(76.7%)。导师分布与招生主要集中于东部地区、双一流院校、综合院校、学科等级为B级的院校,招生集中于25个方向。结论护理学博士点数量少,现有博士导师数量不足,结构不合理,分布不均衡,招生方向不规范。建议通过增加授权点,加强导师队伍建设,合理配置导师资源,优化导师结构,明确护理二级学科方向等措施来改善以上问题。

双元制度逻辑视角下医养结合机构的医生身份认同研究——基于清晰集定性比较分析

目的:研究影响医养结合机构医生身份认同的制度逻辑,为提升医养结合机构医生的岗位吸引力、降低流失率提供启示。方法:基于制度逻辑理论,运用清晰集定性比较分析方法,分析影响医养结合机构医生身份认同的制度逻辑。结果:政府逻辑通过多重政策调控,影响医养结合机构医生身份认同;市场逻辑的影响路径有3条,是效率、利润、开拓市场、打造品牌四个因素的不同组合;政府逻辑与市场逻辑兼容作用的影响路径表现为“政策倾斜加强机构合法性实现经济效益”和“资源帮扶助力机构发展”的共同联动;政府逻辑与市场逻辑冲突作用的有效路径为“对政府购买项目过度依赖会弱化医养结合机构的市场竞争能力”。结论:制度逻辑的单一作用以及交互作用均会对医养结合机构医生的身份认同产生影响,对此应充分发挥政府的规划引领作用,合理运用市场功能,通过政府的资源助力机构发展,同时减少机构对政府购买服务的依赖性,从而提升医养结合机构医生的身份认同。

利益相关者视角下开业护士在糖尿病管理中角色期望的质性研究

目的探讨利益相关者对开业护士糖尿病管理角色的期望。方法采取目的抽样法选取34名在不同省市工作的卫生行政管理者、内分泌科医生和护士,以及12例糖尿病患者及11名家庭成员作为研究对象进行半结构化访谈,采用内容分析法分析资料、提炼主题。结果共提炼出职业多元化角色(高级临床护理实践者,教育与咨询者,协调者,领导者),糖尿病管理职责(糖尿病评估与诊断,药物与非药物处方权限,长期管理与随访),开业护士的培训(教育模式探索,理论与实践相结合),角色推动因素与困难(推动因素,面临多种困难)4个主题及11个亚主题。结论开业护士参与糖尿病管理具有角色多元、责职具体,有待培训和面临较多困难等情况。

医护患一体化管理模式在神经外科躁动患者管理中的应用价值

目的探讨神经外科躁动患者管理中应用医护患一体化管理模式的临床效果。方法选取2020年10月至2021年10月收治的86例神经外科重症颅脑损伤躁动患者纳入研究。按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用医护患一体化管理模式,比较2组的Riker镇静和躁动评分量表(RSAS)评分、医用管道的意外拔管情况、不良事件发生率、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分和护理满意度。结果观察组和对照组干预后的RSAS评分分别为(1.15±0.11)分和(1.49±0.23)分,2组的RSAS评分低于干预前,且观察组的RSAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组医用管道的意外拔管率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率为2.33%,低于对照组的18.60%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组干预后的GSES评分分别为(36.86±3.17)分和(30.75±3.13)分,2组的GSES评分高于干预前,且观察组的GSES评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组护患沟通评分分别为(3.61±0.22)分和(2.89±0.16)分,护理服务态度评分分别为(3.57±0.22)分和(2.76±0.17)分,心理干预评分分别为(3.47±0.12)分和(2.89±0.15)分,健康宣教评分分别为(3.56±0.11)分和(2.51±0.06)分,护理操作技能评分分别为(3.55±0.13)分和(2.76±0.05)分,护理满意度总评分分别为(18.12±0.15)分和(16.47±0.22)分,观察组的护理满意度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经外科躁动患者管理中应用医护患一体化管理模式,能有效缓解患者躁动症状,降低医用管道意外拔管和不良事件发生率,提高患者自我效能感和护理满意度。

组合赋权法与Topsis分析法联用对整体护理质量的评价

以专家排序法、秩和比法和专家咨询法(Delphi)为基本赋权方法,对所赋权重进行组合,消除各种赋权方法的缺点。利用组合赋权法与Topsis分析法对11个科室进行综合评价,探讨整体护理质量评价方法,为整体护理质量评价提供客观、科学的依据。

基于HALF分级的上尿路结石围手术期感染预防和管理的应用研究

目的:评价基于HALF(高风险high risk,H;无症状菌尿asymptomatic bacteriuria,A;低风险low risk,L;发热fever,F)分级的医护协作管理在改善上尿路结石围术期感染预防和治疗的效果。方法:检索证据,形成以分级管理、尿脓毒症筛查和1 h集束化管理为主的方案。采用非同期前后对照研究,以重庆医科大学附属第一医院2023年1至12月收治的上尿路结石患者为干预组(n=2142),实施以HALF分组为基础的围术期预防和管理;2022年1至12月的病例为对照组(n=1938),实施常规管理。比较2组患者抗菌药疗程合理率、全身炎症反应综合征检出率、脓毒症发生率等。结果:与对照组相比,干预组抗菌药术前使用疗程合理率提高(60.99%vs.76.24%,P=0.000),术后疗程合理率提高(76.62%vs.83.94%,P=0.000);全身炎症反应综合征检出率提高(5.21%vs.6.91%,P=0.024),术后脓毒症发生率下降(0.98%vs.0.42%,P=0.030),脓毒症抗菌药物使用窗口期缩短[(57.45±17.32)min vs.(50.90±16.08)min,P=0.039],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于HALF分级的医护协作管理能改善上尿路结石的围术期感染预防和治疗效果,值得推广。

医护患共同决策模式在甲状腺癌手术患者中的应用

目的:探讨医护患共同决策模式在甲状腺癌手术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1月1日~2023年4月1日行甲状腺癌手术的158例患者随机分为对照组和研究组各79例,对照组给予常规护理干预,研究组给予医护患共同决策模式。比较两组干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)评分、健康信念评分、中文版癌症治疗功能评价系统量表(FACT-G)评分、护理满意度。结果:干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组GSES评分高于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组SCSQ中积极应对评分高于干预前(P<0.05),消极应对评分低于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组优于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组健康信念、FACT-G评分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01);研究组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:将医护患共同决策模式应用于甲状腺癌手术患者,可有效缓解其负性情绪,提高自我效能感,使患者积极应对疾病,提高健康信念、生活质量和护理满意度。