We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the fo...We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the forwarding resources at a network node. Two buffers are setup on the node to temporarily store the packets for these two types of video applications. For streaming video, a big buffer is used as the associated delay constraint of the application is moderate and a very small buffer is used for conversational video to ensure that the forwarding delay of every packet is limited. A scheduler is located behind these two buffers that dynamically assigns transmission slots on the outgoing link to the two buffers. Rate-distortion side information is used to perform RD-optimized frame dropping in case of node overload. Sharing the data rate on the outgoing link between the con- versational and the streaming videos is done either based on the fullness of the two associated buffers or on the mean incoming rates of the respective videos. Simulation results showed that our proposed RD-optimized frame dropping and scheduling ap- proach provides significant improvements in performance over the popular priority-based random dropping (PRD) technique.展开更多
The Burst Time Plan(BTP) generation is the key for resource allocation in Broadband Satellite Multimedia(BSM) system.The main purpose of this paper is to minimize the system response time to users' request caused ...The Burst Time Plan(BTP) generation is the key for resource allocation in Broadband Satellite Multimedia(BSM) system.The main purpose of this paper is to minimize the system response time to users' request caused by BTP generation as well as maintain the Quality of Service(QoS) and improve the channel utilization efficiency.Traditionally the BTP is generated periodically in order to simplify the implementation of the resource allocation algorithm.Based on the analysis we find that Periodical BTP Generation(P-BTPG) method cannot guarantee the delay performance,channel utilization efficiency and QoS simultaneously,especially when the capacity requests arrived randomly.The Optimized BTP Generation(O-BTPG) method is given based on the optimal scheduling period and scheduling latency without considering the signaling overhead.Finally,a novel Asynchronous BTP Generation(A-BTPG) method is proposed which is invoked according to users' requests.A BSM system application scenario is simulated.Simulation results show that A-BTPG is a trade-off between the performance and signaling overhead which can improve the system performance insensitive to the traffic pattern.This method can be used in the ATM onboard switching satellite system and further more can be expended to Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel Satellite(DVB-RCS) system or IP onboard routing BSM system in the future.展开更多
Even though Ethiopia marked a notable event in the history of world cinema by experiencing film viewing at the very early stage of the development of world cinematic art in 1897, the practice could not maintain sustai...Even though Ethiopia marked a notable event in the history of world cinema by experiencing film viewing at the very early stage of the development of world cinematic art in 1897, the practice could not maintain sustainability due to various socio-economic and political factors. The pace in which the film industry was initiated was so crawling that it drastically lagged behind those countries that were exposed to the art years later after cinema was introduced in Ethiopia. Cinema in Ethiopia took almost a century to establish itself as a culture medium; but flourished late in the last decade as video formatted productions in Addis Ababa. The increase in number of film productions in the early years of the new millennium, together with the awareness created from the past experiences of American and European embassies and cultural centers that attempted to run film festivals annually in the city, seems to have motivated few interested-groups to organize local film festivals. Of all those ambitious groups, it is the EIFF that succeeded in organizing and running film festival successively on annual bases, blending national and international film exhibitions. This paper thus attempts to provide a picture of the 7th edition of the Ethiopian Intemational Film Festival that took place in Addis Ababa from 26 November to 2 December 2012. The paper hopefully would give a picture of an aspect of Ethiopian cinema for those International scholars with academic interest in African film in particular, and world cinema in general.展开更多
Video transcoding is to create multiple representations of a video for content adaptation.It is deemed as a core technique in Adaptive BitRate(ABR)streaming.How to manage video transcoding affects the performance of A...Video transcoding is to create multiple representations of a video for content adaptation.It is deemed as a core technique in Adaptive BitRate(ABR)streaming.How to manage video transcoding affects the performance of ABR streaming in various aspects,including operational cost,streaming delays,Quality of Experience(QoE),etc.Therefore,the problems of implementing video transcoding in ABR streaming must be systematically studied to improve the overall performance of the streaming services.These problems become more worthy of investigation with the emergence of the edge-cloud continuum,which makes the resource allocation for video transcoding more complicated.To this end,this paper provides an investigation of the main technical problems related to video transcoding in ABR streaming,including designing a rate profile for video transcoding,providing resources for video transcoding in clouds,and caching multi-bitrate video contents in networks,etc.We analyze these problems from the perspective of resource allocation in the edge-cloud continuum and cast them into resource and Quality of Service(QoS)optimization problems.The goal is to minimize resource consumption while guaranteeing the QoS for ABR streaming.We also discuss some promising research directions for the ABR streaming services.展开更多
针对多用户视频流在下行正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中的资源调度问题,重点研究基于可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)的视频流调度机制。SVC作为一种具有空间、时间和质量3个维度的...针对多用户视频流在下行正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中的资源调度问题,重点研究基于可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)的视频流调度机制。SVC作为一种具有空间、时间和质量3个维度的可伸缩性视频编码方案,能够为视频流在无线环境中提供灵活的传输方式,因此,研究提出一种OFDM系统中基于内容感知的SVC视频流调度算法,充分考虑不同SVC视频流分组的优先级与延迟约束,并利用OFDM技术在无线资源(时域、频域及功率)分配上的灵活性对分组进行调度。最后,研究通过仿真实验,对比了基于内容感知的SVC视频流调度算法与传统算法的性能特性,仿真结果表明所提出的调度机制相对于传统算法最高有3.2d B的平均峰值信噪比(PSNR,Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)增益。展开更多
Resource allocation is an important problem in ubiquitous network. Most of the existing resource allocation methods considering only wireless networks are not suitable for the ubiquitous network environment, and they ...Resource allocation is an important problem in ubiquitous network. Most of the existing resource allocation methods considering only wireless networks are not suitable for the ubiquitous network environment, and they will harm the interest of individual users with instable resource requirements. This paper considers the multi-point video surveillance scenarios in a complex network environment with both wired and wireless networks. We introduce the utility estimated by the total costs of an individual network user. The problem is studied through mathematical modeling and we propose an improved problem-specific branch-and-cut algorithm to solve it. The algorithm follows the divide-and-conquer principle and fully considers the duality feature of network selection. The experiment is conducted by simulation through C and Lingo. And it shows that compared with a centralized random allocation scheme and a cost greed allocation scheme, the proposed scheme has better per- formance of reducing the total costs by 13.0% and 30.6% respectively for the user.展开更多
The author designed two algorithms for distributed cooperation among multiple video streams sharing common communication resources. The algorithms take advantage of an optimization framework that characterizes video p...The author designed two algorithms for distributed cooperation among multiple video streams sharing common communication resources. The algorithms take advantage of an optimization framework that characterizes video packets such that joint resource allocation can be implemented not only over the packets of a single stream, but also across packets of different streams. The first algorithm enables collaboration among multiple video senders in an 802.11 CSMA/CA wireless network such that their joint performance is maximized. Via the algorithm, the users cooperatively establish transmission priorities based on the assigned characterizations of their video packets. The second technique allows for low-complexity joint bandwidth adaptation of multiple video streams at intermediate network nodes in the Internet in order to maximize the overall network performance. The author analyzes the advantages of the proposed algorithms over conventional solutions employed in such scenarios. It is shown that depending on system parameters such as available network data rate the proposed techniques can provide substantial gains in end-to-end performance.展开更多
提到多媒体文件合并工具，你一定知道不少，比如：用豪杰解霸可以合并MPG文件；Movie Maker可以全并ASF或WMV文件；VirtualDub可以用来合并AVI文件……这些工具虽然可以合并多媒体文件，但很多都只能合并单一的文件，如果你需要将这些...提到多媒体文件合并工具，你一定知道不少，比如：用豪杰解霸可以合并MPG文件；Movie Maker可以全并ASF或WMV文件；VirtualDub可以用来合并AVI文件……这些工具虽然可以合并多媒体文件，但很多都只能合并单一的文件，如果你需要将这些不同格式的文件合并成一个多媒体文件，该怎么办呢?有了Zealot All Video Joiner这将不再是什么难事。展开更多
The increasing need of video based applications issues the importance of parsing and organizing the content in videos. However, the accurate understanding and manag- ing video contents at the semantic level is still i...The increasing need of video based applications issues the importance of parsing and organizing the content in videos. However, the accurate understanding and manag- ing video contents at the semantic level is still insufficient. The semantic gap between low level features and high level semantics cannot be bridged by manual or semi-automatic methods. In this paper, a semantic based model named video structural description （VSD） for representing and organizing the content in videos is proposed. Video structural descrip- tion aims at parsing video content into the text information, which uses spatiotemporal segmentation, feature selection, object recognition, and semantic web technology. The pro- posed model uses the predefined ontologies including con- cepts and their semantic relations to represent the contents in videos. The defined ontologies can be used to retrieve and organize videos unambiguously. In addition, besides the de- fined ontologies, the semantic relations between the videos are mined. The video resources are linked and organized by their related semantic relations.展开更多
基金Project (No. STE1093/1-1) supported by the German ResearchFoundation, Germany
文摘We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the forwarding resources at a network node. Two buffers are setup on the node to temporarily store the packets for these two types of video applications. For streaming video, a big buffer is used as the associated delay constraint of the application is moderate and a very small buffer is used for conversational video to ensure that the forwarding delay of every packet is limited. A scheduler is located behind these two buffers that dynamically assigns transmission slots on the outgoing link to the two buffers. Rate-distortion side information is used to perform RD-optimized frame dropping in case of node overload. Sharing the data rate on the outgoing link between the con- versational and the streaming videos is done either based on the fullness of the two associated buffers or on the mean incoming rates of the respective videos. Simulation results showed that our proposed RD-optimized frame dropping and scheduling ap- proach provides significant improvements in performance over the popular priority-based random dropping (PRD) technique.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (No. 60972061,60972062,and 61032004)the Na-tional High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program) (No. 2008AA12A204,2008AA12Z307)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2009060)the"Triple Three" High Level Talent Development Plan of Jiangsu Province
文摘The Burst Time Plan(BTP) generation is the key for resource allocation in Broadband Satellite Multimedia(BSM) system.The main purpose of this paper is to minimize the system response time to users' request caused by BTP generation as well as maintain the Quality of Service(QoS) and improve the channel utilization efficiency.Traditionally the BTP is generated periodically in order to simplify the implementation of the resource allocation algorithm.Based on the analysis we find that Periodical BTP Generation(P-BTPG) method cannot guarantee the delay performance,channel utilization efficiency and QoS simultaneously,especially when the capacity requests arrived randomly.The Optimized BTP Generation(O-BTPG) method is given based on the optimal scheduling period and scheduling latency without considering the signaling overhead.Finally,a novel Asynchronous BTP Generation(A-BTPG) method is proposed which is invoked according to users' requests.A BSM system application scenario is simulated.Simulation results show that A-BTPG is a trade-off between the performance and signaling overhead which can improve the system performance insensitive to the traffic pattern.This method can be used in the ATM onboard switching satellite system and further more can be expended to Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel Satellite(DVB-RCS) system or IP onboard routing BSM system in the future.
文摘Even though Ethiopia marked a notable event in the history of world cinema by experiencing film viewing at the very early stage of the development of world cinematic art in 1897, the practice could not maintain sustainability due to various socio-economic and political factors. The pace in which the film industry was initiated was so crawling that it drastically lagged behind those countries that were exposed to the art years later after cinema was introduced in Ethiopia. Cinema in Ethiopia took almost a century to establish itself as a culture medium; but flourished late in the last decade as video formatted productions in Addis Ababa. The increase in number of film productions in the early years of the new millennium, together with the awareness created from the past experiences of American and European embassies and cultural centers that attempted to run film festivals annually in the city, seems to have motivated few interested-groups to organize local film festivals. Of all those ambitious groups, it is the EIFF that succeeded in organizing and running film festival successively on annual bases, blending national and international film exhibitions. This paper thus attempts to provide a picture of the 7th edition of the Ethiopian Intemational Film Festival that took place in Addis Ababa from 26 November to 2 December 2012. The paper hopefully would give a picture of an aspect of Ethiopian cinema for those International scholars with academic interest in African film in particular, and world cinema in general.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20200486.
文摘Video transcoding is to create multiple representations of a video for content adaptation.It is deemed as a core technique in Adaptive BitRate(ABR)streaming.How to manage video transcoding affects the performance of ABR streaming in various aspects,including operational cost,streaming delays,Quality of Experience(QoE),etc.Therefore,the problems of implementing video transcoding in ABR streaming must be systematically studied to improve the overall performance of the streaming services.These problems become more worthy of investigation with the emergence of the edge-cloud continuum,which makes the resource allocation for video transcoding more complicated.To this end,this paper provides an investigation of the main technical problems related to video transcoding in ABR streaming,including designing a rate profile for video transcoding,providing resources for video transcoding in clouds,and caching multi-bitrate video contents in networks,etc.We analyze these problems from the perspective of resource allocation in the edge-cloud continuum and cast them into resource and Quality of Service(QoS)optimization problems.The goal is to minimize resource consumption while guaranteeing the QoS for ABR streaming.We also discuss some promising research directions for the ABR streaming services.
文摘针对多用户视频流在下行正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中的资源调度问题,重点研究基于可伸缩视频编码(Scalable Video Coding,SVC)的视频流调度机制。SVC作为一种具有空间、时间和质量3个维度的可伸缩性视频编码方案,能够为视频流在无线环境中提供灵活的传输方式,因此,研究提出一种OFDM系统中基于内容感知的SVC视频流调度算法,充分考虑不同SVC视频流分组的优先级与延迟约束,并利用OFDM技术在无线资源(时域、频域及功率)分配上的灵活性对分组进行调度。最后,研究通过仿真实验,对比了基于内容感知的SVC视频流调度算法与传统算法的性能特性,仿真结果表明所提出的调度机制相对于传统算法最高有3.2d B的平均峰值信噪比(PSNR,Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)增益。
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (No.2011ZX03005-004-04)the National Grand Fundamental Research 973 Program of China (No.2011CB302-905)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61170058,61272133,and 51274202)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20103402110041)the Suzhou Fundamental Research Project (No.SYG201143)
文摘Resource allocation is an important problem in ubiquitous network. Most of the existing resource allocation methods considering only wireless networks are not suitable for the ubiquitous network environment, and they will harm the interest of individual users with instable resource requirements. This paper considers the multi-point video surveillance scenarios in a complex network environment with both wired and wireless networks. We introduce the utility estimated by the total costs of an individual network user. The problem is studied through mathematical modeling and we propose an improved problem-specific branch-and-cut algorithm to solve it. The algorithm follows the divide-and-conquer principle and fully considers the duality feature of network selection. The experiment is conducted by simulation through C and Lingo. And it shows that compared with a centralized random allocation scheme and a cost greed allocation scheme, the proposed scheme has better per- formance of reducing the total costs by 13.0% and 30.6% respectively for the user.
文摘The author designed two algorithms for distributed cooperation among multiple video streams sharing common communication resources. The algorithms take advantage of an optimization framework that characterizes video packets such that joint resource allocation can be implemented not only over the packets of a single stream, but also across packets of different streams. The first algorithm enables collaboration among multiple video senders in an 802.11 CSMA/CA wireless network such that their joint performance is maximized. Via the algorithm, the users cooperatively establish transmission priorities based on the assigned characterizations of their video packets. The second technique allows for low-complexity joint bandwidth adaptation of multiple video streams at intermediate network nodes in the Internet in order to maximize the overall network performance. The author analyzes the advantages of the proposed algorithms over conventional solutions employed in such scenarios. It is shown that depending on system parameters such as available network data rate the proposed techniques can provide substantial gains in end-to-end performance.
文摘提到多媒体文件合并工具，你一定知道不少，比如：用豪杰解霸可以合并MPG文件；Movie Maker可以全并ASF或WMV文件；VirtualDub可以用来合并AVI文件……这些工具虽然可以合并多媒体文件，但很多都只能合并单一的文件，如果你需要将这些不同格式的文件合并成一个多媒体文件，该怎么办呢?有了Zealot All Video Joiner这将不再是什么难事。
文摘The increasing need of video based applications issues the importance of parsing and organizing the content in videos. However, the accurate understanding and manag- ing video contents at the semantic level is still insufficient. The semantic gap between low level features and high level semantics cannot be bridged by manual or semi-automatic methods. In this paper, a semantic based model named video structural description （VSD） for representing and organizing the content in videos is proposed. Video structural descrip- tion aims at parsing video content into the text information, which uses spatiotemporal segmentation, feature selection, object recognition, and semantic web technology. The pro- posed model uses the predefined ontologies including con- cepts and their semantic relations to represent the contents in videos. The defined ontologies can be used to retrieve and organize videos unambiguously. In addition, besides the de- fined ontologies, the semantic relations between the videos are mined. The video resources are linked and organized by their related semantic relations.
