Diagnosing early scar pregnancy in the lower uterine segment after cesarean section by intracavitary ultrasound

BACKGROUND Early scar pregnancy(CSP)in the lower uterine segment after cesarean section is a type of ectopic pregnancy that can cause major complications if left untreated.Transabdominal ultrasound is a common procedure but is influenced by external factors.Thus,intracavitary ultrasound may have better diagnostic efficiency for CSP.AIM To assess the value of intracavitary ultrasound for diagnosing CSP in the lower uterine segment after cesarean section.METHODS Patients diagnosed with CSP in our hospital from October 2019 to April 2021 were recruited.Transabdominal and intracavitary ultrasound examinations were performed to compare the diagnostic differences for CSP and its types.RESULTS Sixty-three patients were diagnosed during the study period.The diagnostic accuracy for CSP was higher in intracavitary ultrasound(96.83%)than in transabdominal ultrasound(84.13%)(P<0.05).The missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates did not differ among the ultrasound types(intra:0.00%and 3.17%;trans:4.76%and 11.11%,respectively;P>0.05).For the diagnostic rates for the CSP types,the rates for gestational sac(100.00%vs 90.48%),heterogeneous mass(93.75%vs 75.00%),and part of the uterine cavity(80.00%vs 60.00%)were higher in intracavitary ultrasound than in transabdominal ultrasound,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).For gestational sac CSP patients,intracavitary ultrasound showed that the gestational sac was located in the lower uterine segment scar with abundant peripheral blood flow;the distance between the gestational sac and the serosal layer was 2.42±0.50 cm.Intracavitary ultrasound for heterogeneous mass CSP patients indicated that the mass mainly occurred in the lower anterior uterine wall,protruding into the bladder,and was surrounded by abundant internal and peripheral blood flow;the distance between the mass and serosal layer was 1.79±0.30 cm.For CSP type partly located in the uterine cavity,the gestational sac was partly located in the lower uterine cavity and partly in the scar with abundant internal and peripheral blood flow;the distance between the gestational sac and the serosal layer was 2.29±0.28 cm.CONCLUSION Intracavitary ultrasound had a higher diagnostic accuracy and application value for diagnosing CSP than transabdominal ultrasound,with reduced risk of missed diagnoses and misdiagnosis,thereby preventing delayed treatment.

General Anesthesia for Cesarean Section in a Pregnant Woman with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Background: Management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) during pre- gnancy can be challenging, particularly by identifying a threshold for safe administration of neuraxial/general anesthesia and minimizing postpartum hemorrhage. There is controversy over the safety of cesarean section (CS) in ITP patients. In this case report, we discuss general anesthesia management in a patient with ITP with severe thrombocytopenia. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old female with relapsed/refractory ITP and severe thrombocytopenia underwent general anesthesia and emergent cesarean section with successful outcomes and minimal bleeding. Platelet counts before CS were 5000 × 109 L, the patient received 1 unit of platelets before the procedure and 1 unit of platelet and tranexamic acid 500 mg was injected slowly during the procedure. No evidence of bleeding and no complications were observed in the patient or newborn. Conclusions: In an emergent circumstance, general anesthesia and cesarean section procedure were performed safely in a patient with severe thrombocytopenia, no hemorrhagic complications were seen for this patient or neonate. Objective of This Manuscript: To share our experience of a safe emergent CS procedure and general anesthesia in a patient with severe thrombocytopenia. Our experience may guide the management of ITP patients in emergent delivery circumstances.

Pregnancy Outcomes of Repeat Cesarean Section in Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Objective To evaluate the effect of elective repeat cesarean section on the maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods A retrospective clinicand hospital-based survey was designed for comparing the maternal and neonatal outcomes of elective repeat cesarean section [RCS group (one previous cesarean section) and MRCS group (two or more previous cesarean sections)] and primary cesarean section (FCS group) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1998 to December 2007. Results The incidence of repeat cesarean section increased from 1.26% to 7.32%. The mean gestational age at delivery in RCS group (38.1±1.8 weeks) and MRCS group (37.3±2.5 weeks) were significantly shorter than that in FCS group (38.9±2.1 weeks, all P<0.01). The incidence of complication was 33.8% and 33.3% in RCS group and MRCS group respectively, and was significantly higher than that in FCS group (7.9%, P<0.05). Dense adhesion (13.5% vs. 0.4%, OR=7.156, 95% CI: 1.7-30.7, P<0.01) and uterine rupture (1.0% vs. 0, P<0.05) were commoner in RCS group compared with FCS group. Neonatal morbidity was similar among three groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Repeat cesarean section is associated with more complicated surgery technique and increased frequency of maternal morbidity. However, the incidence of neonatal morbidity is similar to primary cesarean section.

Reproductive Outcomes in Women with Prior Cesarean Section Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization:A Retrospective Case-control Study

The impact of prior cesarean section（CS） on the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer（IVF-ET） was investigated. A retrospective analysis was performed on 144 patients with prior CS between January 2013 and December 2015. The pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes of patients who had previous CS delivery and received IVF-ET were analyzed. The control group comprised 166 patients who had only previous vaginal delivery（VD） and received IVF-ET during the same period. The results showed that the basal follicle stimulating hormone level, estradiol level on human chorionic gonadotropin（h CG） day, gonadotrophin dosage, duration of stimulation, retrieved oocytes, fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, multiple birth rate, abortion rate and ectopic pregnancy rate had no significant difference between the two groups（P〉0.05）. The pregnancy rate（40.28% vs. 54.22%） and implantation rate（24.01% vs. 34.67%） were significantly lower（P〈0.05）, and the ratio of embryo difficulty transfer（9/144 vs. 0/166） was significantly higher in CS group than in VD group. The risk of pernicious placenta previa and postpartum hemorrhage in twin deliveries was significantly increased in CS group as compared with that in VD group（P〈0.05）, and gestational age and neonatal birth weight were significantly reduced in twin deliveries as compared with singleton deliveries in both groups（P〈0.05）. It was suggested that the existence of CS scar may impact embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy outcome, and increase the difficulty of ET. We should limit the number of transfer embryos to avoid multiple pregnancies and strengthen gestational supervision in patients with cesarean scar.

Unavoidable myomectomy during cesarean section: a case report

Since myomectomy throughout cesarean deliv- ery may lead to hemorrhage and uterinal atony, it is not recommended. But, myomectomy has been reported during cesarean section in recent studies. We presented a patient with large in- tramural myoma who was diagnosed at 34 weeks of pregnancy and operated with an unavoidable cesarean-combined myomectomy. A 33-year-old unpursued primigravida was referred to emer- gency department with abdominal pain and amenorrhea of 34 weeks duration. A sonographic diagnosis of myoma in pregnancy was made. Cesarean section was required for fetal distress and alive 2300 g weighted male infant with Ap- gar score of 6 at one minute, was born. As uterine incision could not be closed because of the myoma, myomectomy was performed dur- ing cesarean section unavoidably. A single 970 g and 15 × 18 cm sized myoma was removed. The physical examinations were unremarkable in the postoperative period. Although there are case series that have demonstrated the safety of myomectomy during cesarean section, we con-cluded that myomectomy during cesarean section is not a safe procedure accept inevitable situa-tions.

Outcome of cesarean delivery in women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of excessive weight gain during pregnancy on the outcome of cesarean delivery. It was a cohort study comparing the outcome of cesarean delivery between 56 pregnant women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy and 75 pregnant women with no excessive weight gain during pregnancy, consecutively recruited at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon. In women delivered by cesarean section, excessive weight gain during pregnancy was found to predispose to: time interval from parietal incision to fetal extraction of more than five minutes, duration of cesarean section more than 60 minutes, blood loss more than 1000 ml during surgery, post-operative maternal complications, especially sepsis, fetal weight >3.5 kg and macrosomia. A systematic screening of excessive weight gain should be offered to all pregnant women, so as to prevent the adverse effects of excessive gestational weight gain on cesarean outcome.

Cesarean scar pregnancy

Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is a consequence of a scar from previous cesarean section.It is rare and is associated with catastrophic complications of early pregnancy.It can occur in women with only one prior cesarean delivery.With increasing rate of cesarean section worldwide,more and more cases are diagnosed and reported.The incidence is likely to rise substantially in the near future.A delay in diagnosis and the treatment can lead to uterine rupture,major haemorrhage,hysterectomy and serious maternal morbidity.Early diagnosis can offer treatment options of avoiding uterine rupture and haemorrhage,thus preserving the uterus and future fertility.Aim of this article is to find the demography,pathophysiology,clinical presentation,most appropriate methods of early diagnosis and management.

Female urinary incontinence during pregnancy and after delivery: Clinical impact and contributing factors

Urinary incontinence(UI) is a common condition affecting adult women of all ages and it could have a negative infl uence on quality of life. The etiology of UI is multifactorial, but some of the most important risk factors are obesity and ageing, as well as adverse obstetric events. Pregnancy and delivery per se have been implicated in the etiology of UI. Although several studies have demonstrated a direct association between UI and vaginal delivery in short, medium and long-term, the role of childbirth on the risk of UI remains controversial. The mechanical strain during delivery may induce injuries to the muscle, connective and neural structures. Vaginal birth can be associated with relaxation or disruption of fascial and ligamentous supports of pelvic organs. Parity, instrumental delivery, prolonged labor and increased birth weights have always been considered risk factors for pelvic floor injury. Also genetic factors have been recently raised up but still there are not appropriate guidelines or measures to reduce signifi cantly the incidence of UI. The role of pelvic fl oor muscle training(PFMT) in the prevention and treatment of UI is still unclear. However, PFMT seems to be useful when supervised training is conducted and it could be incorporated as a routine part of women's exercise programmes during pregnancy and after childbirth.

Simultaneous Repair of Para-Umbilical Hernia during Cesarean Section (CS): A Novel Approach

Background: Pregnant women that are complaining from paraumbilical hernia postpone its repair until they get birth. We hypothesized that it will be better to perform hernia repair of such type of hernia simultaneously during performing cesarean section (CS) which will help to decrease future morbidity re-operation, avoid complications and further skin incision. In this study we aimed to compare the value of performing para-umbilical hernia repair simultaneously during performing CS through the same skin incision with performing para-umbilical hernia repair simultaneously during performing CS through another infra- or supra-umbilical skin incision and performing para-umbilical hernia repair electively later on after healing of a CS skin incision in relation to clinical recovery and patient satisfaction. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective cohort study, where we included 45 pregnant female patients who will give birth by CS, and we have divided them into 3 groups: the first group of patients (A) included 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by pre-peritoneal mesh insertion through CS incision, the second group of patients (B) in-cluded 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by infra- or supra-umbilical incision during CS incision and the third group of patients (C) included 15 patients that undergoing paraumbilical hernia repair by infra- or supra-umbilical incision later on after healing of the CS wound. We have evaluated advantages of that novel approach e.g. operation time, severity of pain, peri-partum and post-operative complications, financial cost, duration of hospital stay, clinical recovery, mesh rejection, and patient satisfaction. Results: In group A there is shorter duration of hospital stay, no new skin incision (p 0.002). Conclusions: Performing para-umbilical hernia repair by insertion of a pre-peritoneal mesh simultaneously during performing CS through the same skin incision is the best method of management of para-umbilical hernia in pregnant woman.

Local metothrexate treatment of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy

Myometrial pregnancy developing in a previous caesarean section scar is the rarest of all ectopic pregnancies (EP) and probably one of the most dangerous of all because of the risk of rupture and hemorrhage. The recent recognition of this problem means that diagnosis and management are still in their infancy, and there is no consensus regarding the best management of CSP. Methotrexate (MTX) can be administered systemically or locally, or in both ways, with the aid of ultrasound. Patients diagnosed with caesarean scar pregnancies (CSP) in our clinic underwent transvaginal treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Safe and short treatment under transvaginal ultrasonographic (USG) guidance was performed uneventfully in all cases. The operating time ranged from 5 to 10 minutes with no blood loss. Serum β-hCG (β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin) levels declined to normal levels within a month, and patients were discharged without further complications in two or three hours after the procedure. Our cases show that this treatment is effective, safe, and minimally invasive for patients diagnosed with CSP.

Maternal choledochal cysts in pregnancy:A systematic review of case reports and case series

BACKGROUND Choledochal cysts(CC)are cystic dilatations of the biliary tract,usually diagnosed during childhood,with an estimated incidence in the general population of 1:100000.Complications related to CC include rupture,biliary obstruction,and cholangitis.Maternal CC in pregnancy are rarely reported,and there are no guidelines on optimal management.AIM To systematically review maternal CC diagnosed during pregnancy or postpartum with regard to the clinical presentation of CC,the mode of treatment and delivery,and maternal outcomes.METHODS A literature search of cases and case series of maternal CC in pregnancy and postpartum was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science,Google Scholar,and Embase.There were no restrictions on language or publication year.Databases were lastly accessed on September 1,2022.RESULTS Overall,71 publications met the inclusion criteria,reporting 97 cases.Eighty-eight cases were diagnosed during pregnancy and nine in the puerperium.The most common symptoms were abdominal pain(81.2%)and jaundice(60.4%).Interventions for CC complications were required in 52.5%of the cases,and 34%of pregnancies were induced.Urgent cesarean section(CS)was done in 24.7%.The maternal mortality was 7.2%,while fetal mortality was inconsistently reported.Cholangitis,CC>15 cm,and bilirubin levels>80 mmol/L were associated with a higher likelihood of urgent CS and surgical intervention for CC.Bilirubin levels positively correlated with CC size.There was no correlation between age and cyst dimension,gestational age at cyst discovery,and CC size.CONCLUSION Although rare,maternal CC in pregnancy should be included in the evaluation of jaundice with upper abdominal pain.Symptomatology and clinical course are variable,and treatment may range from an expectative approach to emergent surgical CC treatment and urgent CS.While most cases were managed by conservative measures or drainage procedures,CC>15 cm and progressive cholangitis carry the risk of CC rupture and septic complications,which may increase the rates of unfavorable maternal and fetal outcomes.Therefore,such cases require specific surgical and obstetric interventions.

不同类型剖宫产瘢痕妊娠的病例特点与诊治分析

背景现行剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)分型依据仅参照超声影像特点,目前尚缺乏该分型标准下不同类型CSP病例临床特点的分析总结。目的探讨不同类型CSP的病例特点及诊治差异。方法纳入北京大学第三医院妇产科2014年7月—2022年6月收治的CSP患者共862例为研究对象,根据超声分型标准分为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型组,并对其临床特点及诊治指标进行回顾性分析。结果本研究CSP患者中Ⅰ型组占36.5%(315/862),Ⅱ型组占53.1%(458/862),Ⅲ型组占10.3%(89/862)。3组患者的年龄、孕产史、既往宫腔手术史比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CSP患者中腹痛发生率为24.2%(209/862),阴道出血发生率为65.0%(560/862)。3组CSP患者腹痛及阴道出血发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.261、0.062)。Ⅲ型组患者诊断时停经时间为55(46,64)d,妊娠物中位径线长29.6(19.1,43.3)mm,术前血β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)水平为60673(17164,122203)mU/mL,需辅助药物杀胚治疗、腹腔镜监视下手术、子宫动脉阻断率分别为27.0%(24/89)、33.7%(30/89)、32.6%(29/89),手术时长101(67,125)min,住院时间4(3,7)d,治疗花费11933.7(8760.7,15250.6)元,术后24 h累计出血量、出血≥200 mL发生率及输血率分别为83(33,178)mL、24.7%(22/89)、7.9%(7/89),均高于其他两组(P<0.001)。所有患者持续性CSP发生率为3.1%(27/862),3组持续性CSP发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.353,P=0.187)。结论不同类型CSP患者的年龄、孕产史、既往宫腔手术史及腹痛、阴道出血等临床特点无明显差异。Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型患者治疗侵入性较小,Ⅲ型患者的医疗资源消耗较多,对多学科团队及个体化管理有较高要求。不同类型患者经规范管理,其治疗预后均较理想。

基于多模态超声建构胎儿先天性心脏病决策树模型及其应用价值

目的:分析基于多模态超声建构胎儿先天性心脏病决策树模型及其应用价值。方法:随机选取2021年4月-2023年7月在本院产前超声检查孕中期孕妇300例,常规产科超声检查确定胎儿生长程度,核实孕周,采用超声多断面模式方法对胎儿心脏进行多断面检测,包括四腔心断面、三血管断面、主动脉弓断面、左室流出道断面、右室流出道断面。对正常分娩的新生儿进行心脏多断面超声检测。对300例胎儿进行多断面模式超声检测,分析胎儿是否伴有先天性心脏畸形,对比超声检查与随访结果符合情况。结果:超声检出21例先天性心脏畸形胎儿,8例选择引产,余13例正常分娩。超声诊断与随访结果对比,卵圆孔直径增大、法洛四联症、完全型心内膜垫缺损、二尖瓣闭锁、右室发育不良综合征、左室发育不良综合征、大动脉转位、永存动脉干、单心室、三尖瓣下移符合率均为100%,超声诊断室间隔缺损7例,随访发现室间隔诊断5例,诊断符合率71.4%。279例超声诊断无先天性心脏畸形胎儿出生后经超声诊断发现有1例卵圆孔未闭、3例室间隔缺损,共4例漏诊患儿,漏诊率0.54%。四腔心断面、三血管断面、主动脉弓断面、左室流出道断面、右室流出道断面诊断胎儿畸形率分别为3.95%、0.63%、2.76%、3.27%、3.25%。由决策树模型可得,产前超声检查发现胎儿心脏可疑异常、高龄孕妇、孕妇接受药物治疗或射线暴露、孕妇有先天性心脏病家族史是胎儿存在先天性心脏病的独立危险因素,其中产前超声检查发现胎儿心脏可疑异常的影响最为显著。结论:孕中期胎儿产前超声多断面模式筛查胎儿先天性心脏病,能够对多数胎儿先天性心脏病进行诊断。

超声引导定位下椎管内麻醉在肥胖妊高症患者剖宫产中的应用效果

目的探讨肥胖妊高症患者剖宫产中应用超声引导定位下椎管内麻醉的临床效果。方法纳入保定市妇幼保健院2020年1月至2022年7月收治的肥胖妊高症患者80例为研究对象,随机分2组,每组40例。研究组实施超声引导定位下椎管内麻醉,对照组采用传统触诊定位下椎管内麻醉,比较2组穿刺情况、麻醉效果、生命体征相关指标、新生儿Apgar评分和并发症。结果研究组麻醉前准备时间、麻醉穿刺时间和麻醉起效时间均短于对照组,穿刺次数少于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组麻醉效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。麻醉用药后10 min,研究组心率、收缩压和舒张压均低于对照组,研究组生命体征较对照组更稳(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿娩出后1 min、5 min和10 min的Apgar评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组神经刺激、硬膜外置管出血等并发症发生率为2.50%,低于对照组的20.00%(P<0.05)。结论肥胖妊高症患者剖宫产中应用超声引导定位下椎管内麻醉能提高麻醉穿刺成功率,降低患者应激反应,减少并发症,提高新生儿Apgar评分和麻醉效果。

“菊苓方”纱布敷料对妊娠合并贫血患者剖宫产术后切口愈合疗效研究

目的观察“菊苓方”纱布敷料对妊娠合并贫血患者剖宫产术后切口愈合的影响。方法将172例妊娠合并贫血的剖宫产患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组86人。治疗组选用“菊苓方”纱布敷料为患者腹部切口换药,对照组选用无菌纱布敷料换药。记录患者术后第3天切口局部(颜色、肿胀、灼热、疼痛)的评分,切口愈合等级,切口愈合不良发生率等,对比两组的疗效。结果治疗组患者在术后第3天腹部切口愈合的情况中,在切口肿胀、切口颜色、切口疼痛缓解等方面明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);治疗组切口愈合不良发生率小于对照组(1.16%vs 9.30%)。结论“菊苓方”纱布敷料明显提高妊娠合并贫血患者剖宫产术后切口愈合质量,同时提高切口愈合率,提升患者生活质量,达到整体快速康复的目的。

剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩的相关影响因素

目的探讨剖宫产术后再次妊娠时经阴道分娩的影响因素。方法选取本院80例剖宫产后再次妊娠孕妇为研究对象,根据分娩方式不同划分为经阴道分娩组与剖宫产组,各40例。回顾性分析两组的基础资料,包含年龄、产次、孕前体质量指数、上次剖宫产间隔时间等,总结分析剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩的影响因素。结果多因素分析结果显示,年龄≤30岁、孕前体质量指数≤25kg/m²、上次剖宫产间隔时间>2年、子宫下段厚度>2mm、分娩前子宫颈Bishop评分>5分、有不良妊娠结局史是剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄、孕前体质量指数、上次剖宫产间隔时间、子宫下段厚度、分娩前子宫颈Bishop评分、不良妊娠结局史是剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道分娩的影响因素,临床需要在分娩前高度重视,提前做好相关准备,以尽可能提高经阴道分娩成功率,改善母婴结局,提升分娩质量。

磁共振成像对剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的诊断价值

目的:探究磁共振成像对剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月—2023年12月疑似剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠患者60例的临床资料,患者均进行磁共振成像与超声检查。以病理诊断为“金标准”,观察超声与磁共振成像诊断剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠结果,分析超声与磁共振成像诊断剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的灵敏度、特异度、准确度。结果:病理结果阳性30例,阴性30例。超声检查诊断剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕妊娠41例,与病理结果符合21例;磁共振成像诊断剖宫产术后子宫瘢痕妊娠33例,与病理结果符合27例。超声与磁共振成像诊断剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的灵敏度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);磁共振成像诊断剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠的特异度、准确度高于超声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:在剖宫产手术后瘢痕妊娠患者的诊断中,磁共振成像技术特异度、准确度高于超声,为早期诊断剖宫产术后瘢痕妊娠提供可靠的鉴别诊断依据。

综合护理在妊娠高血压综合征患者护理中的应用效果

目的探讨综合护理在妊娠高血压综合征(PIH)患者护理中的应用效果。方法选取2022年5月至2023年5月南京医科大学附属南京医院收治的80例PIH患者,依照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各40例。对照组给予常规产科护理,观察组给予综合护理,比较两组血压、不良妊娠结局发生率、剖宫产率及心理状态评分。结果干预后观察组焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组收缩压、舒张压低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良妊娠结局总发生率及剖宫产率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论综合护理干预在PIH患者护理中的应用效果较好,能够降低血压、不良妊娠结局发生率、剖宫产率,改善心理状态。

纵隔子宫患者妊娠晚期剖宫产母儿结局分析

目的:分析妊娠晚期行剖宫产术的纵隔子宫患者的母儿结局情况。方法:收集于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行剖宫产术的≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇80例作为研究组,选取同期≥34周行剖宫产的正常子宫孕妇80例作为对照组。比较2组孕妇的一般情况、胎盘和胎儿情况、术中出血量和新生儿情况。结果:2组孕妇年龄、孕次、产前体质量、辅助生殖技术助孕、母体合并症、胎盘异常情况、胎膜早破、脐带绕颈2周及以上、术中出血量、新生儿窒息和低出生体质量儿等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),纵隔子宫组孕妇既往产次、终止妊娠孕周和新生儿出生体质量低于对照组,胎儿臀位比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇常常合并胎方位的临床问题,适时终止妊娠并适当采取剖宫产术,母儿结局与子宫正常孕妇相似。

中心群组化孕期保健模式联合循证护理对高龄孕妇剖宫产率、妊娠结局及母乳喂养情况的影响

目的探讨中心群组化孕期保健模式联合循证护理对高龄孕妇剖宫产率、妊娠结局及母乳喂养情况的影响。方法选择2021年12月至2023年8月东莞市人民医院产科收治的90例高龄孕妇作为研究对象,按照随机数字分配法分为观察组和对照组各45例。对照组孕妇接受传统孕期保健模式,观察组孕妇给予中心群组化孕期保健模式联合循证护理,孕期保健及护理从孕妇入组开始直至孕妇分娩。自制调查问卷调查两组孕妇的孕期相关知识了解程度,所有孕妇于孕32周前完成第一次问卷调查,包括孕期活动、产前检查、孕期饮食三个维度;所有孕妇于孕35周前完成第二次问卷调查,包括胎儿保健和分娩知识两个维度。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别于孕妇入组时、分娩后2 h评价两组孕妇的负面情绪。比较两组孕妇的第一产程、第二产程、第三产程及总产程时间以及分娩方式、产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分和母乳喂养技能量表(LATCHES)评分。结果观察组孕妇的孕期活动、产前检查、孕期饮食、胎儿保健和分娩知识得分分别为(18.86±1.19)分、(18.21±1.03)分、(18.06±0.94)分、(19.11±1.13)分、(18.23±0.98)分,明显高于对照组的(17.51±0.86)分、(17.34±0.91)分、(17.02±0.75)分、(17.89±0.85)分、(17.42±0.81)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕妇分娩后2 h的SAS、SDS评分分别为(44.23±5.38)分、(43.19±5.03)分,明显低于对照组的(48.71±6.43)分、(47.34±6.19)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕妇的第一产程、第二产程、第三产程和总产程时间分别为(198.75±51.92)min、(38.61±10.02)min、(6.23±1.14)min、(239.06±62.41)min,明显短于对照组的(241.26±62.37)min、(53.46±14.71)min、(7.86±1.82)min、(312.23±78.09)min,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组孕妇的剖宫产率为11.11%,明显低于对照组的31.11%,观察组的产后出血量为(264.48±31.23)mL,明显低于对照组的(311.65±46.74)mL,新生儿Apgar评分和LATCHES量表评分分别为(9.26±0.51)分、(31.27±3.23)分,明显高于对照组的(8.74±0.37)分、(28.03±2.16)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中心群组化孕期保健模式联合循证护理能够有效提高高龄孕妇对孕期相关知识的了解程度和自我管理能力,孕妇孕期的负面情绪得到有效缓解,产程明显缩短,剖宫产率明显降低,孕妇的母乳喂养状况得到显著改善。