Objective Large numbers of archeological relics from the Neolithic period are widely distributed in all tributaries of the Yellow River. The early humans tended to reside along the river valleys, and developed small b...Objective Large numbers of archeological relics from the Neolithic period are widely distributed in all tributaries of the Yellow River. The early humans tended to reside along the river valleys, and developed small but characteristically decentralized ancient valley culture. It is universally acknowledged that the agriculture exchange between China and western countries and the moderate展开更多
Tibetan Plateau(TP)precipitation is affected by anomalous circulation systems in both the tropics and mid-latitudes,due to the TP’s unique geographical location.By using observational,reanalysis,and CMIP6 model datas...Tibetan Plateau(TP)precipitation is affected by anomalous circulation systems in both the tropics and mid-latitudes,due to the TP’s unique geographical location.By using observational,reanalysis,and CMIP6 model datasets,this study reveals the individual and joint effects of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)and Silk Road pattern(SRP)on the interannual variability of TP precipitation in September.In the positive IOD phase,the zonal gradient of the sea-surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs)drives a Gill-type response with an anticyclonic anomaly over the Indian subcontinent and Bay of Bengal.To the north,anomalous westerlies induce a shallow trough,and the associated anomalous southwesterlies transport moisture to the southeastern TP,resulting in surplus precipitation there.Meanwhile,the westerly jet disturbances over the North Atlantic excite an SRP-like pattern,resulting in a baroclinic structure in northern India with the upper(lower)tropospheric anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)over west-central Asia(northern India).The anomalous southwesterlies to the east of the low-level cyclone transport abundant moisture to the southeastern TP,which results in increased precipitation there.The joint effects of IOD and SRP can explain nearly 52%of the TP precipitation anomaly,exceeding the contribution of IOD(19%)and SRP(27%)alone.Our results highlight the necessity of considering the joint effects of drivers in the tropics and mid-latitudes,providing a basis for more accurate simulations and predictions of TP precipitation.展开更多
The Tibetan Plateau(TP)holds fundamental ecological and environmental significances to China and Asia.The TP also lies in the core zone of the belt and road initiative.To protect the TP environment,a comprehensive scr...The Tibetan Plateau(TP)holds fundamental ecological and environmental significances to China and Asia.The TP also lies in the core zone of the belt and road initiative.To protect the TP environment,a comprehensive screening on current ecological research status is entailed.The teased out research gap can also be utilized as guidelines for the recently launched major research programs,i.e.the second TP scientific expedition and silk and belt road research plan.The findings showed that the TP has experienced significant temperature increase at a rate of 0.2℃ per decade since 1960s.The most robust warming trend was found in the northern plateau.Precipitation also exhibited an increasing trend but with high spatial heterogeneity.Changing climates have caused a series of environmental consequences,including lake area changes,glacier shrinkage,permafrost degradation and exacerbated desertification.The rising temperature is the main reason behind the glaciers shrinkage,snow melting,permafrost degradation and lake area changes on the TP and neighboring regions.The projected loss of glacial area on the plateau is estimated to be around 43%by 2070 and 75%by the end of the century.Vegetation was responsive to the changed environments,varied climates and intensified human activities by changing phenology and productivity.Future global change study should be more oriented toward integrating various research methods and tools,and synthesizing diverse subjects of water,vegetation,atmosphere and soil.展开更多
Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theor...Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theories from different schools of thought.With concise and clear contents,it was an essential textbook for Ayurvedic medicine in India and many other regions at the time it was written.This article summarizes the main contents of the book,reviews the current status of research,and finds that the modern research on Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitāfocuses on religious philosophy,the theory of bodily humors,discussion of drug use,and its relationship with Chinese medicine.The book was widely disseminated in the areas surrounding India and influenced Tibetan and Arabic medicine,as well as multiethnic medicine along the Silk Road.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (grant No. 41571177)
文摘Objective Large numbers of archeological relics from the Neolithic period are widely distributed in all tributaries of the Yellow River. The early humans tended to reside along the river valleys, and developed small but characteristically decentralized ancient valley culture. It is universally acknowledged that the agriculture exchange between China and western countries and the moderate
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.41725018,91937302,&42030602)。
文摘Tibetan Plateau(TP)precipitation is affected by anomalous circulation systems in both the tropics and mid-latitudes,due to the TP’s unique geographical location.By using observational,reanalysis,and CMIP6 model datasets,this study reveals the individual and joint effects of the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)and Silk Road pattern(SRP)on the interannual variability of TP precipitation in September.In the positive IOD phase,the zonal gradient of the sea-surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs)drives a Gill-type response with an anticyclonic anomaly over the Indian subcontinent and Bay of Bengal.To the north,anomalous westerlies induce a shallow trough,and the associated anomalous southwesterlies transport moisture to the southeastern TP,resulting in surplus precipitation there.Meanwhile,the westerly jet disturbances over the North Atlantic excite an SRP-like pattern,resulting in a baroclinic structure in northern India with the upper(lower)tropospheric anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)over west-central Asia(northern India).The anomalous southwesterlies to the east of the low-level cyclone transport abundant moisture to the southeastern TP,which results in increased precipitation there.The joint effects of IOD and SRP can explain nearly 52%of the TP precipitation anomaly,exceeding the contribution of IOD(19%)and SRP(27%)alone.Our results highlight the necessity of considering the joint effects of drivers in the tropics and mid-latitudes,providing a basis for more accurate simulations and predictions of TP precipitation.
基金This study was supported by the‘Strategic Priority Research Program’of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20050102)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(41725003)+1 种基金This work was also funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571195)This work was funded by a Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(SGxzzzlwzhhbGCJS1700095).
文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP)holds fundamental ecological and environmental significances to China and Asia.The TP also lies in the core zone of the belt and road initiative.To protect the TP environment,a comprehensive screening on current ecological research status is entailed.The teased out research gap can also be utilized as guidelines for the recently launched major research programs,i.e.the second TP scientific expedition and silk and belt road research plan.The findings showed that the TP has experienced significant temperature increase at a rate of 0.2℃ per decade since 1960s.The most robust warming trend was found in the northern plateau.Precipitation also exhibited an increasing trend but with high spatial heterogeneity.Changing climates have caused a series of environmental consequences,including lake area changes,glacier shrinkage,permafrost degradation and exacerbated desertification.The rising temperature is the main reason behind the glaciers shrinkage,snow melting,permafrost degradation and lake area changes on the TP and neighboring regions.The projected loss of glacial area on the plateau is estimated to be around 43%by 2070 and 75%by the end of the century.Vegetation was responsive to the changed environments,varied climates and intensified human activities by changing phenology and productivity.Future global change study should be more oriented toward integrating various research methods and tools,and synthesizing diverse subjects of water,vegetation,atmosphere and soil.
基金This study was financed by grants from the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.19VJX165)Shanghai Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of China(No.2021ELS005).
文摘Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitā(Compendium of the Essence of the Eight Branches)is one of the most important works on Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India.It provides a comprehensive overview and synthesis of Ayurvedic theories from different schools of thought.With concise and clear contents,it was an essential textbook for Ayurvedic medicine in India and many other regions at the time it was written.This article summarizes the main contents of the book,reviews the current status of research,and finds that the modern research on Aṣtāṅgahṛdaya Saṃhitāfocuses on religious philosophy,the theory of bodily humors,discussion of drug use,and its relationship with Chinese medicine.The book was widely disseminated in the areas surrounding India and influenced Tibetan and Arabic medicine,as well as multiethnic medicine along the Silk Road.
