Advances in Research Methods of Pharmacodynamic Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicines and Their Application in the Teaching of Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysi

With the continuous progress of science and technology,the research methods of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine are developing,and the application of these methods in teaching is becoming more and more extensive.By introducing these research methods into the classroom,teachers can help students to deeply understand the nature and mechanism of action of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,and improve their interest in and knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.This paper introduces the definition of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,research methods,and their application in the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine analysis.

The Modernization of Traditional Chinese Opera and a Local Perspective of Local Operas:A Case Study of the Research on the Yisu Art Troupe by Li Youjun and Guo Hongjun

From both historical and artistic points of view,Qinqiang Opera can be considered a significant genre outside the realms of Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera.The research on Qinqiang Opera has long been a focal point in the research on local operas with particular emphasis from a local perspective of the Yisu Art Troupe,a key and hot topic in the studies of Qinqiang Opera.Taking the Yisu Art Troupe as a case study to scrutinize and address the intricacies within the process of modernization of traditional Chinese opera proved to be beneficial.Since the 20th century,studies on the Yisu Art Troupe have evolved from scattered and impressionistic self-narratives into systematic and theoretical academic research.In the new century,scholars,such as Xin Xuefeng,Li Youjun,and Guo Hongjun,have been especially diligent with studies in this field.As Xin Xuefeng is relatively unknown due to his emphasis on traditional opera music,Li Youjun and Guo Hongjun have gradually emerged as important contemporary scholars in the study of the Yisu Art Troupe.Guo and Li not only further theorize the study of the Yisu Art Troupe but also conduct in-depth and meticulous studies on the nature of the Yisu Art Troupe,the establishment of the director-centered mode in Qinqiang Opera,the social function,and the playwriting of the Yisu Art Troupe by examining and reflecting it within the broader context of the modernization of traditional Chinese opera in the 20th century.

Analogous Systems Principles and Concepts of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Congruence Couple Therapy

This article explicates the analogous principles and concepts between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and congruence couple therapy(CCT).Although originating out of vastly different times and places,TCM and CCT share a view of health based on systems understanding to facilitate the interconnections of the parts of an organism rather than focusing on eliminating symptoms.Both approaches aim to release Qi(气)and vitality by removing blockages through adjusting the interactions,adaptation,and balance of multiple elements and Yin‑Yang energies.The goal is to liberate the Qi or life force through improved holistic balance and cooperation.While TCM focuses on interventions at the level of the body,CCT focuses on the attention,awareness,acknowledgement,and alignment of the four human dimensions consisting of the intrapsychic,interpersonal,intergenerational,and universal‑spiritual.In light of the current trend toward increasing mental,substance use,and neurological disorders,in particular among countries of middle and low income,dialogue to explore these compatibilities between TCM and CCT is conducive to the continuous evolution of TCM and Western therapies to address not only physical health but also the exigencies of contemporary addiction and mental health care within a mind–body relationship matrix.

The effect of continuous Jue tone intervention on blood pressure and vasoactive substances in hypertensive rats with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern

Objective:Jue tone is a kind of sound,using 3-mi as the main tone,and is melodious,profound,makes people feel comfortable and pleasant.This study aimed to explore the probable mechanism of Jue tone to reduce blood pressure(BP)in hypertensive rats with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern by observing changes in BP as well as physiochemical indexes in plasma.Methods:Sixteen male spontaneous hypertensive rats(SHR)with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern were randomly divided into a control group and a Jue tone group.The rats in the Jue tone group were treated with Jue tone(55e65 dB,played by the five elements of music rhythm instrument,a kind of physiotherapy regimen music played by Shen Wu)once a day for 4 weeks.The BP levels in each group were measured twice a week,on Monday and Friday.The levels of angiotensin II(Ang-II),thromboxane B2(TXB2),endothelin-1(ET-1),calcitonin gene-related peptide(cGRP),norepinephrine(NE),cortisol(CORT),and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT).in plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 4 weeks of intervention.Results:BP and the levels of TXB2 and ET-1 in the plasma of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group,while the level of cGRP was significantly higher.Conclusion:Jue tone can reduce the BP of hypertensive rats with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern.The mechanism may correlate with a reduction in TXB2 and ET-1 and an increase in cGRP with the reduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS).

Wushu in Traditional Chinese Operas Thirty-two Chan

Chinese traditional opera often uses singing, acting, speaking and fighting as unique forms of artistic performance. In modern local operas, wushu, a Chinese martial art closely related to movements of attack and defense as disciplines has been incorporated in theatrical performances to portray different moods of characters through exaggerated movements.

Tong xie yao fang relieves irritable bowel syndrome in rats via mechanisms involving regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine and substance P

AIM: To investigate whether the Chinese medicine Tong Xie Yao Fang(TXYF) improves dysfunction in an irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) rat model. METHODS: Thirty baby rats for IBS modeling were separated from mother rats(1 h per day) from days 8 to 21, and the rectum was expanded by angioplasty from days 8 to 12. Ten normal rats were used as normal controls. We examined the effects of TXYF on defection frequency, colonic transit function and smooth muscle contraction, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and substance P(SP) in colonic and hypothalamus tissues by Western blot and RT-PCT techniques in both normal rats and IBS model rats with characterized visceral hypersensitivity.in normal rats and 4.5 ± 1.58 in IBS model rats(P < 0.001). However, the defecation frequency was significantly decreased(3.0 ± 1.25 vs 4.5 ± 1.58, P < 0.05), while the time(in seconds) of colon transit function was significantly increased(256.88 ± 20.32 vs 93.36 ± 17.28, P < 0.001) in IBS + TXYF group rats than in IBS group rats. Increased colonic smooth muscle tension and contract frequency in IBS model rats were significantly decreased by administration of TXYF. Exogenous agonist stimulants increased spontaneous activity and elicited contractions of colon smooth muscle in IBS model rats, and all of these actions were significantly reduced by TXYF involving 5-HT and SP down-regulation. CONCLUSION: TXYF can modulate the activity of the enteric nervous system and alter 5-HT and SP activities, which may contribute to the symptoms of IBS.

Treatment of Migraine with Acupuncture at Points Pertaining to the Liver and Gallbladder Channels

In studying the syndrome of yang-hyperactivity, we found that most migraine patients were with hyperactivity of the liver-yang, stagnation of the liver-qiand blood stasis, and stagnation of the liverqi and deficiency of the spleen. To evaluate the needling effects on migraine and to approach its mechanism, we have launched a study in 207 cases since 1997. The results were satisfactory and reported as follows.

Application regularity of medicinal and dietary substances for patients during COVID-19 rehabilitation

Objective This study focused on the application regularity of medicinal and dietary sub-stances(MDS)of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diet therapy during rehabilitation,in order to help patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)reduce sequelae and improve their life quality.Methods The official websites of the national and provincial health committees,the website of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the China BioMedical Literature Database(CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),and Wanfang Database were used to search the keywords,such as“coronavirus”“novel coronavirus pneumonia”“COVID-19”“protocol”“guideline”“consensus”and“rehabilitation period”.The search time was from the establishment of databases to July 31,2022.The prevention and control protocols of various provinces and cities were manually supplemented and screened out.The information on the frequency,property,flavor,meridian tropism,and efficacy of MDS was collected for association rule analysis through the Apriori algorithm.Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using the Euclidean distance and longest distance.Results A total of 18 protocols were screened out,including 56 lists of TCM diet therapy,and 47 kinds of MDS with a frequency of 132 times during the rehabilitation of COVID-19.Among them,six lists of diet therapy were collected from national websites,26 from local government websites,and 24 from social and academic institution websites.The intended population can be divided into seven categories including normal recovery,lung-spleen Qi deficiency,deficiency of both Qi and Yin,spleen-stomach weakness,deficiency of Yang Qi,kidney Qi deficiency,and blood deficiency.Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma)and Lianzi(Nelumbinis Semen),followed by Dazao(Jujubae Fructus)were used most commonly in MDS,with mainly flat property,sweet flavor,and spleen and lung meridians in meridian tropism.Besides,deficiency-tonifying drugs were commonly used in MDS.Through association rule analysis,12 groups of association MDS pairs were obtained.The pair of Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)and Chenpi(Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium)had the highest Lift value,and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)was used most frequently in the MDS category for eliminating pathogenic factors.The results of complex network analysis showed that the core MDS were Yiyiren(Coicis Semen),Shanyao(Dioscoreae Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),Fuling(Poria),and Dazao(Jujubae Fructus).Three core categories were classified by cluster analysis,including the category of strengthening spleen,nourishing kidney,and grasping Qi,the category of removing phlegm,abating panting,and regulating Qi,and the category of strengthening the middle-energizer and reinforcing Qi.Conclusion Based on the TCM theory,most patients during the rehabilitation of COVID-19 are in a state of lingering pathogens due to deficient vital Qi.TCM diet therapy is based on the principle of“giving both reinforcing and reducing treatment”,and the MDS combinations focus on both reinforcing the health Qi and eliminating pathogenic factors.The diet therapy mainly uses the MDS with flat property and sweet flavor,which belongs to deficiency-tonifying drugs,adding suitable MDS of pathogen-eliminating drugs according to different situations.The ultimate goal is to promote lung inflammation absorption,improve pulmonary fibrosis,increase immunity,reduce the occurrence of sequelae,and improve life quality.

基于外泌体精准靶向调控肿瘤微环境的中药抗肿瘤作用研究进展

中药及复方制剂用于肿瘤治疗历史悠久,然而由于中药多成分、多靶点等特点,现有的药理研究技术尚未阐明中药抗癌药效物质及机制,限制了抗癌中药的临床应用及发展。因此,找到癌症早期临床诊断标志物及药物作用评价靶标尤为重要。外泌体是肿瘤微环境中细胞、组织、器官信息传递的主要介质之一,影响并决定肿瘤的恶性程度。本文通过对外泌体生物发生途径及功能进行综述,揭示外泌体在肿瘤微环境条件下,调控肿瘤发生发展的作用及机制,旨在阐释基于外泌体作为抗肿瘤药物载体,挖掘中药抗肿瘤药效物质,并构建“外泌体-肿瘤微环境-药效成分-作用靶点”整合分析方法,阐释中药抗肿瘤作用机制科学内涵的新思路与新方法,推动中医药在传承创新中高质量发展。

戏曲、曲艺学学科体系与学术体系的现状调查与建设方略

面对当前戏曲与曲艺学学科体系建设存在的理论研究与当下的舞台实践脱节现象较为严重、既有理论素养又有动手能力的教师紧缺、教材没有构成体系且高质量的教材较少等问题,其未来学科体系建设方略为:要明确构建戏曲与曲艺学学科体系的主要目的在于传承发展戏曲、曲艺;对戏曲、曲艺学学科进行科学的二级分类;培养出一批知识与技能相结合、既有理论素养又有创新能力的教学、科研人员;顶层设计、集中统一、有计划地进行教材建设。目前戏曲学界在戏曲文献整理、戏曲文物研究、概念与体系研究、古代戏曲研究、现当代戏曲研究、戏曲海外传播研究、木偶戏和皮影戏研究等领域的许多成果超越了前人,但是戏曲的学术体系构建还远没有达到完成的地步,其提升的空间依然很大。曲艺的学术研究在近十多年来发展较快、取得的成就也较大,然而其学术体系的建设才刚刚起步。戏曲、曲艺学学术体系的建设要坚持理论研究为现实服务的思想——引导学界研究戏曲、曲艺在保护、传承、发展上亟须解决的问题;研究应面向所有的戏曲剧种与曲种,对它们的历史、现状、特征、发展的规律做深入的探索;以国家级、省部级的科研项目对戏曲学术体系内容进行拾遗补阙,并着力促进曲艺学术体系的构建;营造以追求高质量成果为学术研究目标的良好风气。既然戏曲与曲艺已被列在一个学科之内,又有着许多共同点,戏曲学就应该携带着曲艺学一道前进。

秦腔唱词中中国传统文化之隐喻性

戏曲文化是向世界展示中国文化魅力的窗口。秦腔作为中国最古老的戏曲之一,其文学性决定了秦腔唱词蕴含丰富的隐喻和中国传统文化。本文以认知语言学概念隐喻为理论基础,从方位隐喻、本体隐喻、结构隐喻三个层面探讨秦腔唱词隐喻现象以及中国传统文化表述之隐喻性,以更好地理解秦腔以及其他地方戏曲唱词深层的文化蕴意,讲好中国故事,传播中国传统文化。

基于多维特征分析的戏曲类方志文献命名实体识别研究

方志是我国特有的一种具有极高史料价值的地方文献,对其进行数字化处理并实施知识挖掘,对传承传播中华传统文化、建设文化强国具有重要意义。命名实体识别作为一种基础性技术与关键环节,对方志知识组织与发现具有重要影响。目前,虽然方志命名实体识别已经取得了一定进展,但是仍缺乏适应方志文本特征与领域资源特征的系统化技术方案。基于此,本文提出融合多维特征与Bi-LSTM-CRF的戏曲类方志命名实体识别模型。首先,结合句法特征与符号、尾词、构词、上下文和负例等文本特征,对方志文献中的戏曲类实体特质进行解析;其次,利用在长文本结构中表现优异的Bi-LSTM-CRF模型,借助已解析的戏曲类实体特征,提升实体识别效率;最后,以《楚剧志》为具体对象开展实证研究,结果表明,本文提出的模型在命名实体识别效果上优于基准模型,F1值达到0.869。

短视频赋能下地方戏曲的影像创作与叙事策略——以青阳腔为例

近年来,短视频对地方戏曲的传播引起关注。在戏曲短视频演进发展中,细分出“演出现场的记录”“表演的视频化创作”“后台日常的展示”“跨界的创新艺术”等影像类型。以青阳腔短视频的制播为例,短视频作品通过主体突出的竖屏画面、传统与时尚同在的声音,以及趣味化的戏曲贴纸等创作形式,表现了丰富的影像美感;戏曲短视频也可以通过提炼精华、回归平民、多元呈现等叙事策略最大限度地展现戏曲之美。

同人作品视域下传统戏剧作品完整权保护探析

传统戏剧同人作品是套仿传统戏剧作品创作的戏剧作品,不是著作权法上的全新作品。保护传统戏剧作品完整权,是传统戏剧表演形象不受歪曲、原剧作品得以保真与正当利用的权利。保护传统戏剧作品完整权的认定,存在“主观说”“客观说”“折中说”等说法。传统戏剧作品创作的劳动价值论与制度价值论、传统戏剧剧种保护及当前滞后的专项法律,都要求同人创作中必须保护传统戏剧作品完整权。在同人作品视域下,增强保护传统戏剧作品完整权的实然效能,需要完善法律规范,以明确完整权性质与传统戏剧同人创作者义务;推行转换性使用方法,以提高保护效果;增设传统戏剧元素点制度,以健全专项制度。在信息时代,同人创作对作品完整权的保护程度,一定程度上决定着传统戏剧的兴衰。

20世纪戏曲演出的“听觉效果”及其审美嬗变

20世纪的戏曲演出在内容和形式上不断探索新的可能性,其“听觉效果”也在不断丰富,审美视角变得多维。20世纪初,受话剧影响,戏曲演出中出现“音效”这一新的声源种类。20至40年代,现代戏的创编和导演制度的采用,促使戏曲音效得以大量运用,并催生出戏曲音效设计师这一声音设计的专职。60至70年代,“革命样板戏”的排演更是推动戏曲声音设计理念走向成熟。与此同时,现代大剧院的建造与应用,以及进入80年代后立体声、多声道等音频技术的发展,都推动戏曲演出的“听觉效果”变得更加丰富而细致,从追求朴素的“逼真性”与“闹热性”,演变为讲求音色丰满、音量均衡、整体有立体层次感的多维审美趋向。梳理20世纪戏曲演出“听觉效果”的审美发展历程,有助于持续构建戏曲舞台声音设计理论,提升戏曲演出的质量和传播效果。

戏曲在世界剧坛中的历史坐标与当代价值

戏曲在世界剧坛中的地位及当代价值曾在中外均遭到质疑,然而这种质疑在很大程度上是囿于西方中心论的文化偏见。在全球化背景下重新寻找戏曲在世界剧坛中的历史坐标,体认其当代价值,具有重要意义。戏曲是世界三大古老戏剧之一,其舞台演出一直未曾中断,艺术遗产最为丰厚,艺术生命力最为顽强,是世界剧坛中卓然特出、不可或缺的一极。戏曲集众美于一身,文化积淀丰厚,是了解中华优秀传统文化的窗口,体认东方智慧的读本,导人向善致美的生动课堂,值得我们珍视。

传统戏曲演唱技巧在民族声乐中的应用研究——以《断桥遗梦》为例

传统戏曲是中国民族声乐的重要组成部分,对传统戏曲演唱技巧的传承和发展,将推动民族声乐向更高的艺术高度迈进。传统戏曲演唱技巧源于中国古代音乐的传统,包括曲调的变化、音域的运用、音乐节奏的控制等,将这些技巧应用于民族声乐中会使演唱更富有戏剧性和感染力。因此,在现代民族声乐发展中,应吸收和融入传统戏曲演唱技巧,以使民族声乐更加多样化和富有个性。

HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS法检测降压类中成药中非法添加的24种化学物质

目的：建立检测降压类中成药中非法添加的24种化学物质的方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱-飞行时间串联质谱法。色谱条件：色谱柱为Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18,流动相为0.05%甲酸溶液-甲醇（梯度洗脱）,流速为0.3 ml/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为5μl。质谱条件：离子源为电喷雾电离源,毛细管电压为4.0 k V,毛细管出口电压为135 V,锥孔电压为65 V,脱溶剂温度为350℃,干燥气流速为10 L/min,雾化器压力为40 psi,碰撞能量为8-45 V,扫描范围为m/z 100-1 700,检测方式为正离子模式（ESI＋）。结果：卡托普利、硝苯地平、氢氯噻嗪、盐酸可乐定、利血平检测质量浓度线性范围为2.0-32μg/L,苯磺酸氨氯地平、非洛地平、缬沙坦、拉西地平、坎地沙坦酯检测质量浓度线性范围为3.0-48μg/L,其余14种化学物质检测质量浓度线性范围为2.5-40μg/L（r≥0.995 9）;定量限≤2.944 1 ng,检测限≤0.988 5 ng;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD≤5.1%;回收率为81.5%-115.5%（RSD=1.81%-4.86%,n=9）。结论：该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、简便快捷,适用于降压类中成药中非法添加化学物质的检测。

古代丝绸之路上域外食药物质传入对中医食养发展影响初探

古代丝绸之路作为一条中外商贸、文化往来交流的重要通道,其对中医学的发展存在较为深远的影响。“食养”作为中医养生中维护人类健康、延长人类寿命的一种养生方式愈发得到重视。通过对“丝绸之路”中“食药物质”传入情况的梳理,发现其中某些物质被频繁使用制作药膳,包括粥、汤、酒、糕点、菜肴等不同类型、既有补虚等的日常药膳,也有针对某些疾病的治疗药膳;通过梳理还发现香料类“食药物质”被渗透到饮食的方方面面,于食可以调味又疗疾,于饮可以制出日常饮用的保健饮料,这些认识与应用都对现代中医食养的发展起到一定启示作用。