Pre-operative enhanced magnetic resonance imaging combined with clinical features predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection

BACKGROUND Indentifying predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has great significance for patient prognosis.AIM To explore the value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)combined with clinical features in predicting early recurrence of HCC after resection.METHODS A total of 161 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC were enrolled.The patients were divided into early recurrence and non-early recurrence group based on the follow-up results.The clinical,laboratory,pathological results and Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI imaging features were analyzed.RESULTS Of 161 patients,73 had early recurrence and 88 were had non-early recurrence.Univariate analysis showed that patient age,gender,serum alpha-fetoprotein level,the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage,China liver cancer(CNLC)stage,microvascular invasion(MVI),pathological satellite focus,tumor size,tumor number,tumor boundary,tumor capsule,intratumoral necrosis,portal vein tumor thrombus,large vessel invasion,nonperipheral washout,peritumoral enhancement,hepatobiliary phase(HBP)/tumor signal intensity(SI)/peritumoral SI,HBP peritumoral low signal and peritumoral delay enhancement were significantly associated with early recurrence of HCC after operation.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patient age,MVI,CNLC stage,tumor boundary and large vessel invasion were independent predictive factors.External data validation indicated that the area under the curve of the combined predictors was 0.861,suggesting that multivariate logistic regression was a reasonable predictive model for early recurrence of HCC.CONCLUSION Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI combined with clinical features would help predicting the early recurrence of HCC after operation.

Fracture propagation laws of staged hydraulic fracture in fractured geothermal reservoir based on phase field model

Hydraulic fracturing is widely used in geothermal resource exploitation, and many natural fractures exist in hot dry rock reservoirs due to in-situ stress and faults. However, the infuence of natural fractures on hydraulic fracture propagation is not considered in the current study. In this paper, based on the phase feld model, a thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled hydraulic fracture propagation model was established to reveal the infuence of injection time, fracturing method, injection fow rate, and natural fracture distribution on the fracture propagation mechanism. The results show that fracture complexity increases with an increase in injection time. The stress disturbance causes the fracture initiation pressure of the second cluster signifcantly higher than that of the frst and third clusters. The zipper-type fracturing method can reduce the degree of stress disturbance and increase fracture complexity by 7.2% compared to simultaneous hydraulic fracturing. Both low and high injection fow rate lead to a decrease in fracture propagation time, which is not conducive to an increase in fracture complexity. An increase in the natural fracture angle leads to hydraulic fracture crossing natural fracture, but has a lesser efect on fracture complexity. In this paper, we analyzed the infuence of diferent factors on initiation pressure and fracture complexity, providing valuable guidance for the exploitation of geothermal resources.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Cu_(x)Se(1.75 ≤ x ≤ 2.10) during Phase Transitions

Coupling of a phase transition to electron and phonon transports provides extra degree of freedom to improve the thermoelectric performance, while the pertinent experimental and theoretical studies are still rare. Particularly,the impaction of chemical compositions and phase transition characters on the abnormal thermoelectric properties across phase transitions are largely unclear. Herein, by varying the Cu content x from 1.75 to 2.10, we systemically investigate the crystal structural evolution, phase transition features, and especially the thermoelectric properties during the phase transition for Cu_(x)Se. It is found that the addition of over-stoichiometry Cu in Cu_(x)Se could alter the phase transition characters and suppress the formation of Cu vacancies. The critical scatterings of phonons and electrons during phase transitions strongly enhance the Seebeck coefficient and diminish the thermal conductivity, leading to an ultrahigh dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit of ~1.38 at 397 K in Cu_(2.10)Se.With the decreasing Cu content, the critical electron and phonon scattering behaviors are mitigated, and the corresponding thermoelectric performances are reduced. This work offers inspirations for understanding and tuning the thermoelectric transport properties during phase transitions.

Colorectal Cancer Segmentation Algorithm Based on Deep Features from Enhanced CT Images

Colorectal cancer,a malignant lesion of the intestines,significantly affects human health and life,emphasizing the necessity of early detection and treatment.Accurate segmentation of colorectal cancer regions directly impacts subsequent staging,treatment methods,and prognostic outcomes.While colonoscopy is an effective method for detecting colorectal cancer,its data collection approach can cause patient discomfort.To address this,current research utilizes Computed Tomography(CT)imaging;however,conventional CT images only capture transient states,lacking sufficient representational capability to precisely locate colorectal cancer.This study utilizes enhanced CT images,constructing a deep feature network from the arterial,portal venous,and delay phases to simulate the physician’s diagnostic process and achieve accurate cancer segmentation.The innovations include:1)Utilizing portal venous phase CT images to introduce a context-aware multi-scale aggregation module for preliminary shape extraction of colorectal cancer.2)Building an image sequence based on arterial and delay phases,transforming the cancer segmentation issue into an anomaly detection problem,establishing a pixel-pairing strategy,and proposing a colorectal cancer segmentation algorithm using a Siamese network.Experiments with 84 clinical cases of colorectal cancer enhanced CT data demonstrated an Area Overlap Measure of 0.90,significantly better than Fully Convolutional Networks(FCNs)at 0.20.Future research will explore the relationship between conventional and enhanced CT to further reduce segmentation time and improve accuracy.

Optimization Design of Thermal Conduction Enhanced PCM Plates for Simulating the Infrared Signature of Steel Plate

Phase change material(PCM) can be used to prepare the infrared false targets for realizing all-weather passive infrared decoy,but its low thermal conductivity is a great blockage to the simulation of the infrared signature of thick metal plates.For that reason,a method of simulating the infrared signature of thick steel plates by thermal conduction enhanced PCM,including the aluminum fins,is proposed.A physical and mathematic model is set up,and the infrared signature simulation of thick steel plate is investigated numerically.The effects of the distribution density and thickness of fins and the thickness of PCM plate on the simulation results are discussed,and the reasonable construction parameters of PCM plates used to simulate the steel plates of different thickness are obtained.

Orientation-enhanced nonlinear optical properties and phase-conjugate reflective system of a novel Azobenzene doped polymer film

This paper reports that the nonlinear refractive index of a novel organic optical storage film doped azodiphenylamine polymer is measured by using the Z-scan technique. The nonlinear refractive index up to 3.7× 10^-6 cm^2/W induced by thermo-optical effect is obtained. It indicates that the sample has excellent optical non- linear properties. The physical mechanism of the great nonlinear optical effect is analysed and the optical conjugate characteristic is also discussed with degenerate four-wave-mixing. The phase conjugate wave diffracted from the formative refractive index grating in the sample is acquired and its equivalent reflectivity reaches about 22%. On this basis, the reflective wave phase-conjugated mirror system was designed, and the image aberration experienced in propagation in the storage experiment is corrected by using the system.

Portal Venous-Phase CT of the Liver in Patients without Chronic Liver Damage: Does Portal-Inflow Tracking Improve Enhancement and Image Quality?

Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine if portal-inflow bolus tracking outperforms aortic bolus tracking with respect to the image quality of contrast-enhanced portal venous-phase CT of the liver in patients without chronic liver damage. Materials and Methods: Contrast-enhanced CT of the liver was performed in 132 consecutive patients without chronic liver damage. Patients were prospectively assigned to three protocols: Protocol A—a portal venous-phase scan delay of 6 seconds after superior mesenteric venous (SMV) enhancement increased by 70 HU or 14 seconds after SMV enhancement was visually confirmed, and Protocols B and C—40 and 50 seconds, respectively, after abdominal aortic enhancement increased by 100 HU. Enhancement (ΔHU) of abdominal aorta, portal trunk, and liver parenchyma and diagnostic acceptability were assessed. Results: ΔHU of aorta was higher for protocol A than for protocols B and C (P P Conclusion: Portal-inflow bolus tracking did not outperform aortic tracking in terms of optimization of portal venous-phase CT in patients without chronic liver damage.

Observations on the Diagnostic Effects of CT Examination(Enhanced Scan)on Hemorrhage Corpus Luteum Cyst

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic effects of enhanced CT scan on hemorrhage corpus luteum cyst(HCLC).Methods:The clinical data of 24 patients with hemorrhage corpus luteum cyst diagnosed by surgery and pathology in our hospital were collected.All patients received enhanced CT scan to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT.Results:The average diameter of the cysts in this group of patients was 5.1cm by CT.Further detection of the ruptured cyst wall showed that there was a liquid lowdensity shadow.Some of the cysts were accompanied by signs of increased density,indicating the presence of blood clots;all patients received surgical treatment.Intraoperative ultrasound examination of the cysts had an average diameter of 5.2cm and a wall of 0.2~0.4mm.Among them,19 cases of cysts contained"coffee-colored"liquid with varying degrees of blood clots,and 5 cases had no blood clots in the cysts but there were a lot of blood clots beside the cysts.Conclusion:The application of enhanced CT scan in patients with hemorrhage corpus luteum cyst is of great value.It can provide accurate data reference for clinical treatment and is worthy of promoting its clinical application.

Comparison of the Imaging Manifestations and Diagnostic Values of Multi-slice Spiral CT and Enhanced MRI Scans of Primary Liver Cancer(PLC)Intrahepatic Lesions

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI for primary liver cancer(PLC),and to summarize the imaging findings.Methods:The research subjects in this article were 50 patients with PLC who were admitted to our hospital from 2017 April to 2018 September.After the patients were admitted,they were examined by multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI scanning,and the pathological diagnosis results were followed up.Relevant information was reviewed and analyzed.Results:The detection rate of multi-slice spiral CT was higher than that of MRI in the portal venous phase lesion detection.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of lesions in the arterial phase and delayed phase was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the diagnostic accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT was 85.96%,and the diagnostic accuracy of enhanced MRI scanning was 91.11%,which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).MRI scans showed the capsules of primary liver cancer better than CT,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion,both multi-slice spiral CT and enhanced MRI can be used for the effective diagnosis of primary liver cancer intrahepatic lesions.The diagnostic value of the two is equivalent,but enhanced MRI has a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy and can be used as the preferred method.

基于增强CT影像组学预测食管鳞癌淋巴血管侵犯状态的价值

目的:探讨基于增强CT影像组学预测食管鳞癌(ESCC)淋巴血管侵犯(LVI)的价值。方法:回顾性搜集行根治性切除术并经术后病理证实的224例食管鳞癌患者,其中包括66例LVI阳性和158例LVI阴性患者。所有患者均在术前2周内进行胸部增强CT扫描。将入组的患者按照7:3的比例随机分为训练集和测试集。使用3D Slicer软件逐层勾画全肿瘤感兴趣区(ROI),采用Python软件的Pyradiomics包提取肿瘤组织的影像组学特征,建立影像组学模型用于预测食管鳞癌的LVI状态并进行验证。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线的曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值来评价影像组学模型的诊断效能,使用校准曲线评价影像组学模型在训练集和测试集中的拟合程度。使用决策曲线分析(DCA)评价影像组学模型的临床应用价值。结果:从全肿瘤ROI中提取了1130个组学特征,经过筛选最终保留了7个影像组学特征,并使用多因素logistic回归建立影像组学预测模型。在训练集中,影像组学模型预测LVI的AUC值为0.930,敏感度为0.851,特异度为0.919,准确度为0.899,阳性预测值为0.816,阴性预测值为0.936;在测试集中,AUC值为0.897,敏感度为0.789,特异度为0.787,准确度为0.788,阳性预测值为0.600,阴性预测值为0.902。校准曲线显示影像组学模型在训练集及测试集中的预测概率与实际概率的一致性良好。DCA曲线显示影像组学模型具有良好的临床应用价值。结论:基于增强CT构建的影像组学模型,能够在术前有效预测食管鳞癌的LVI状态。

CT增强扫描灰度直方图纹理分析技术对肺癌患者术前恶性程度评估及对预后的预测价值

目的探究CT增强扫描灰度直方图纹理分析技术对肺癌患者术前恶性程度评估及对预后的预测价值。方法选择2018年5月至2022年9月在我院就诊的且经术后病理证实的肺癌患者580例作为研究对象。依据术后病理分期,将研究对象分为高分化组(183例)、中分化组(195例)、低分化组(202例)。根据预后情况,将其分为预后良好组(356例)和预后不良组(224例)。由2名医师提取患者CT增强扫描灰度直方图纹理参数。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析特征参数对肺癌患者术前恶性程度的诊断效能及预后的预测价值。多因素Logistic回归分析预后不良的重要影响因素并构建人工神经网络模型。Pearson分析检验参数间的相关性。结果均值、10%分位、50%分位等参数在高、中、低分化三组中有显著差异。三个参数对评估肺癌患者恶性程度均具有一定的诊断效能,且三者联合诊断效能最佳。均值、10%分位、50%分位是预后不良的保护因素,三者联合预测肺癌患者的曲线AUC值大于各指标单独预测的AUC值。ROC曲线和累积增益图表明该模型预测能力良好。纹理特征参数中,69.44%的参数具有相关性。结论CT增强扫描灰度直方图纹理参数在一定程度上反应肺癌患者术前恶性程度信息,给术前预测以及预后提供了重要方法。

左心耳CT血管造影双期扫描在房颤患者中诊断左心耳血栓的应用价值

目的:探讨左心耳CT血管造影(CTA)双期扫描在房颤患者中诊断左心耳血栓的应用价值。方法:回顾性收集2020年1月至2022年6月房颤患者36例,所有患者均行左心耳(LAA)CTA双期扫描和经食管超声心动图(TEE)检查。以TEE检查结果为“金标准”,分别计算LAA-CTA第一期和第二期诊断LAA血栓的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率,并采用Kappa检验评价LAA-CTA第一期和第二期诊断结果与TTE诊断结果的一致性。结果:LAA-CTA第一期诊断左心耳血栓患者21例,第二期诊断左心耳血栓患者15例,TTE诊断左心耳血栓患者14例;LAA-CTA第一期诊断LAA血栓的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率分别为64.29%、45.45%、42.86%、66.67%及52.78%;LAA-CTA第二期诊断LAA血栓的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及诊断符合率分别为92.86%、90.91%、86.67%、95.24%、91.67%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LAA-CTA第一期诊断左心耳血栓结果与TEE诊断结果一致性一般(Kappa=0.089),而LAA-CTA第二期诊断左心耳血栓结果与TEE诊断结果一致性较好(Kappa=0.827),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:左心耳CTA双期扫描均能发现LAA血栓,但第二期扫描诊断血栓的敏感性、特异性及诊断符合率均升高,且第二期诊断血栓结果与TEE一致性较好,因此左心耳CTA双期扫描方法在诊断LAA血栓方面具有较高的临床应用价值。

化疗患者行个体化低流率腹部增强CT:双源CT低管电压高管电流的可行性分析

目的 探讨在癌症患者中使用双源CT结合低流速和低管电压方案的可行性。方法 共纳入90名进行上腹部增强CT扫描的患者,并随机分为A组、B组和C组(每组30人)。在A组中,患者使用120kVp和448mgl/kg对比剂量进行扫描。B组患者以100kVp和336 mgl/kg对比剂量进行扫描。C组患者以70kVp和224mgI/kg对比剂量进行扫描。对CT值、标准差、信噪比、对比噪声比、主观评分、对比剂剂量和流速进行测量。结果 在三组中,除了肾脏外,主观图像评分无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。与其他组相比,C组在大多数感兴趣区域(ROIs)中显示出显著更高的CT值、更低的噪声水平以及更高的SNR和CNR值(P<0.05)。与A组相比,C组所用对比剂剂量减少了47.3%(79.2±13.7 vs.41.7±8.9,P<0.01),对比剂注射速率降低了19.2%(2.6±0.5 vs.2.1±0.4,P<0.01)。结论 在化疗后血管受损的患者中使用70kVp管电压结合高管电流的方法,在保证图像质量和诊断信心的同时降低流速是可行的。

多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影单独及联合检查对结肠癌的诊断价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影单独及联合检查对结肠癌的诊断价值。方法选取98例结肠癌患者,术前均行多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影检查。以病理检查结果为金标准,比较多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影单独及联合检查对结肠癌、淋巴结转移及对结肠癌T分期的诊断符合率。结果病理检查结果显示,98例结肠癌患者中淋巴结转移35例。多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影联合检查诊断结肠癌的符合率高于二者单独检查,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影单独及联合检查诊断结肠癌淋巴结转移的符合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。病理检查结果显示,结肠癌T1~2期25例,T3期54例,T4期19例。多层螺旋CT、肠腔充盈超声造影联合检查诊断结肠癌T3、T4期的符合率均高于二者单独检查(P﹤0.05)。结论多层螺旋CT联合肠腔充盈超声造影检查对结肠癌的诊断价值较高。

CT动脉增强分数、甲胎蛋白异质体3、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值

目的 探讨CT动脉增强分数(AEF)、甲胎蛋白异质体3(AFP-L3)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值。方法 选取94例肝癌介入化疗患者,所有患者均于术前1天、术后30天行CT增强扫描,并检测AFP-L3、中性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数。根据临床疗效将患者分为治疗有效组[完全缓解(CR)+部分缓解(PR)]和治疗无效组[疾病稳定(SD)+疾病进展(PD)],比较两组患者的临床资料,采用Logistic回归模型分析肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),分析AEF、AFP-L3、NLR单独及联合检测对肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的评估价值。结果 94例肝癌患者中,治疗有效组37例(CR 10例,PR 27例),治疗无效组57例(SD 34例,PD 23例)。治疗有效组中肿瘤直径﹤5 cm、肿瘤数目为单发、TNM分期为Ⅱb期的患者比例均高于治疗无效组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);治疗有效组患者术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR均明显低于治疗无效组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR较高均是肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。ROC曲线显示,AEF、AFP-L3、NLR联合检测评估肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的AUC为0.963,灵敏度为92.98%,均高于各指标单独检测。结论 术后30天AEF、AFP-L3、NLR较高均是肝癌患者介入化疗疗效的独立危险因素,三者联合检测可有效评估肝癌患者介入化疗疗效,为后续治疗提供参考。

增强CT定量参数诊断胃肠道间质瘤危险度的价值及与预后不良的关系

目的 研究增强CT定量参数诊断胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumor, GIST)危险度的价值及与预后不良的关系。方法 选取2020年3月-2022年3月收治的GIST 120例,根据术后危险度分级分为非高危组68例和高危组52例,比较2组术前增强CT定量参数,分析增强CT定量参数与GIST术后危险度的相关性,通过受试者工作特征曲线分析增强CT定量参数诊断GIST术后危险度的价值;并比较术后1年不同预后患者术前临床资料、增强CT定量参数,采用多因素Logistic回归分析GIST预后不良的影响因素。结果 高危组增强起始时间、达峰时间短于非高危组,增强强度值、强度半降时间高于或长于非高危组(P<0.01)。增强起始时间、达峰时间与GIST术后危险度呈负相关(r=-0.426、-0.470,P<0.01),增强强度值、强度半降时间与GIST术后危险度呈正相关(r=0.518、0.635,P<0.01)。增强起始时间、增强强度值、达峰时间、强度半降时间联合诊断GIST患者术后危险度为高危的曲线下面积大于单独参数诊断(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径、增强起始时间、增强强度值、达峰时间、强度半降时间是GIST患者术后预后不良的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 GIST患者增强CT定量参数与术后危险度、预后密切相关,各定量参数诊断GIST患者术后危险度具有一定价值,且对患者预后评估具有一定指导意义。

心肌灌注成像联合增强CT评估心肌缺血患者再灌注损伤的价值

目的 探讨心肌灌注成像联合增强CT评估心肌缺血患者发生再灌注损伤的价值。方法 回顾性收集2020年10月至2022年10月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的80例心肌缺血患者临床资料,依据心肌缺血再灌注损伤发生情况将80例患者资料分为损伤组(28例)与未损伤组(52例),所有患者均于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)前接受心肌灌注成像联合增强CT检查。对比两组心肌灌注成像及增强CT指标,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估心肌灌注成像、增强CT单独及联合评估心肌缺血患者再灌注损伤的价值。结果 损伤组左室收缩末期容积、左室舒张末期容积均高于未损伤组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组左室射血分数对比,损伤组小于未损伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);损伤组心肌血流量、心肌血容量均小于未损伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组达峰时间对比,损伤组长于未损伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线,结果显示,心肌灌注成像指标、增强CT指标评估心肌缺血患者再灌注损伤的曲线下面积均>0.7,具有一定的预测价值,且联合预测价值更高。结论 心肌灌注成像联合增强CT可准确评估心肌缺血患者再灌注损伤情况。

比较腹盆腔增强CT、盆腔MRI平扫在正确预测淋巴结状态方面的诊断性能

目的探讨在卵巢癌淋巴结转移诊断中,腹盆腔增强CT与盆腔MRI平扫的诊断性能对比。方法选取卵巢癌患者46例作为研究对象,安排接受腹盆腔增强CT与盆腔MRI平扫,以病理结果为参照计算两种方法的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值以及阴性预测值。结果CT扫描检查结果显示,腹盆腔增强CT在卵巢癌盆腔淋巴结转移诊断中,灵敏度为45.00%,特异度为73.08%;盆腔MRI平扫在卵巢癌盆腔淋巴结转移诊断中,灵敏度为60.00%,特异度为80.77%;腹盆腔增强CT联合盆腔MRI平扫在卵巢癌盆腔淋巴结转移诊断中,灵敏度为85.00%,特异度为92.31%。结论在卵巢癌淋巴结转移诊断中,相较于腹盆腔增强CT,盆腔MRI具有较高的诊断灵敏度和特异度,但两者联合运用取得的诊断效能更高。

基于CT扫描的CO_(2)相变致裂煤裂隙演化特征

为进一步揭示CO_(2)相变致裂煤的裂隙改造机理,开展了CO_(2)相变致裂煤体实验,基于CT扫描和三维裂隙重构,分析了CO_(2)相变致裂前后的煤样内部裂隙结构参数,查明了CO_(2)相变致裂煤的三维裂隙结构演化特征。结果表明,致裂后煤样的裂隙总数量减少,裂隙总体积和裂隙总表面积增加;CO_(2)相变致裂产生了裂隙扩张转化效应,在致裂压力的扩张作用下,小尺度裂隙转化为更大尺度的裂隙;长度小于1000μm的裂隙数量减少、裂隙体积和表面积明显减小,长度大于1000μm的裂隙体积和表面积明显增大,且裂隙之间扩张贯通而引起其数量减少;CO_(2)相变致裂大幅度改善了煤体三维裂隙的连通性,有利于气体的运移和产出。此研究为CO_(2)相变致裂效果提供新的分析评价方法,也可为其他非常规天然气储层及其改造的裂隙演化特征研究提供参考和借鉴。

术前多排螺旋CT三期增强扫描对非小细胞肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的探讨多排螺旋CT(MSCT)三期增强扫描对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)纵隔淋巴结转移(MLNM)中的术前诊断价值。方法回顾性分析80例NSCLC患者的临床资料,术前均行MSCT三期增强扫描,以术后病理结果为金标准,使用Kappa一致性检验评价MSCT三期增强扫描在术前诊断MLNM的诊断效能。结果术后病理检查证实80例NSCLC患者中,N0期31例,N1期24例,N2期25例,其中MLNM 25例(31.25%);术前MSCT诊断N0期34例,N1期24例,N2期22例,术前MSCT对NSCLC患者N分期诊断与术后病理一致性一般(Kappa=0.735);25例合并MLNM患者中,术前MSCT确诊19例,其对NSCLC患者MLNM的诊断与病理结果一致性一般(Kappa=0.531),其诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为76.00%、80.00%、78.75%、63.33%和88.00%;纵隔淋巴结转移率在不同肿瘤直径、胸膜凹陷与否、不同肿大淋巴结位置、累及粗大肺静脉与否以及不同淋巴结短径的NSCLC患者间比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论术前MSCT三期增强扫描诊断NSCLC患者MLNM具有一定的准确性,结合原发病灶大小、胸膜凹陷、肿大淋巴结位置、累及粗大肺静脉等多方面信息可为淋巴结清扫提供重要参考。