Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential ...Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential Years of Life Lost, which is associated with maternal deaths, is useful for the definition of priorities, monitoring, evaluation, and intervention, identifying the highest risk groups. Objective: To analyze the Potential Years of Life Lost by maternal death in Santa Catarina in 2000 and 2014. Method: An Ecological study with exploratory spatial analysis was conducted with data obtained from the Information System on Mortality and Live Births. Results: In the Information System, 35 maternal deaths in the year 2000 were identified and 24 in 2014. The total estimated years of life lost were 845 years in 2000 and 780 years in 2014, dominated by direct obstetric causes. In 2000, women who died lost, on average, 39.8 years of life;and 41.5 years in 2014. Conclusion: The spatial pattern observed in 2000 highlights areas of high risk in different regions of Santa Catarina. The greatest loss of years occurred in younger women, confirming the need to prevent and control maternal mortality and review strategies for compliance with public policies in the State.展开更多
Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the fourth cause of cancer death in China.We aimed to provide national and subnational estimates and changes of CRC premature mortality burden during 2005–2020.Methods:Data from mu...Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the fourth cause of cancer death in China.We aimed to provide national and subnational estimates and changes of CRC premature mortality burden during 2005–2020.Methods:Data from multi-source on the basis of the national surveillance mortality system were used to estimate mortality and years of life lost(YLL)of CRC in the Chinese population during 2005–2020.Estimates were generated and compared for 31 provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Results:Estimated CRC deaths increased from 111.41 thousand in 2005 to 178.02 thousand in 2020;age-standardized mortality rate decreased from 10.01 per 100,000 in 2005 to 9.68 per 100,000 in 2020.Substantial reduction in CRC premature mortality burden,as measured by age-standardized YLL rate,was observed with a reduction of 10.20%nationwide.Marked differences were observed in the geographical patterns of provincial units,and they appeared to be obvious in areas with higher economic development.Population aging was the dominant driver which contributed to the increase in CRC deaths,followed by population growth and age-specific mortality change.Conclusions:Substantial discrepancies were observed in the premature mortality burden of CRC across China.Targeted considerations were needed to promote a healthy lifestyle,expand cost-effective CRC early screening and diagnosis,and improve medical treatment to reduce CRC mortality among high-risk populations and regions with inadequate healthcare resources.展开更多
Although numerous studies have investigated premature deaths attributable to temperature,effects of temperature on years of life lost(YLL)remain unclear.We estimated the relationship between temperatures and YLL,and q...Although numerous studies have investigated premature deaths attributable to temperature,effects of temperature on years of life lost(YLL)remain unclear.We estimated the relationship between temperatures and YLL,and quantified the YLL per death caused by temperature in China.We collected daily meteorological and mortality data,and calculated the daily YLL values for 364 locations(2013–2017 in Yunnan,Guangdong,Hunan,Zhejiang,and Jilin provinces,and 2006–2011 in other locations)in China.A time-series design with a distributed lag nonlinear model was first employed to estimate the location-specific associations between temperature and YLL rates(YLL/100,000 population),and a multivariate meta-analysis model was used to pool location-specific associations.Then,YLL per death caused by temperatures was calculated.The temperature and YLL rates consistently showed U-shaped associations.A mean of 1.02(95%confidence interval:0.67,1.37)YLL per death was attributable to temperature.Cold temperature caused 0.98 YLL per death with most from moderate cold(0.84).The mean YLL per death was higher in those with cardiovascular diseases(1.14),males(1.15),younger age categories(1.31 in people aged 65–74 years),and in central China(1.34)than in those with respiratory diseases(0.47),females(0.87),older people(0.85 in people R75 years old),and northern China(0.64)or southern China(1.19).The mortality burden was modified by annual temperature and temperature variability,relative humidity,latitude,longitude,altitude,education attainment,and central heating use.Temperatures caused substantial YLL per death in China,which was modified by demographic and regional characteristics.展开更多
AIM: To determine the extent of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality and the association between demographic characteristics and CRC mortality in Inner Mongolia.
目的分析江西省死因监测地区居民肝癌死亡水平及其疾病负担情况,为针对性开展肝癌防控措施提供建议。方法利用2014—2021年江西省20个国家级死因监测地区报告的居民肝癌死亡数据,计算肝癌死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死所致的...目的分析江西省死因监测地区居民肝癌死亡水平及其疾病负担情况,为针对性开展肝癌防控措施提供建议。方法利用2014—2021年江西省20个国家级死因监测地区报告的居民肝癌死亡数据,计算肝癌死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)率、平均寿命损失年(average years of life lost,AYLL)等指标,2014—2021年趋势分析采用平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)表示。结果2014—2021年,江西省死因监测地区肝癌死亡率为21.41/10万,标化死亡率为20.01/10万,男性死亡率高于女性,农村死亡率高于城市(P<0.05)。肝癌年龄别死亡率随年龄增长而上升,死亡率从30岁开始快速上升。2014—2021年男性、女性、农村居民死亡率AAPC分别为2.60%、5.58%、3.55%(P<0.05);城市居民死亡率、各人群标化死亡率变化趋势均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性、女性、城市、农村居民AYLL的AAPC分别为-1.75%、-2.88%、-2.46%、-1.94%(P<0.05);女性YLL率呈上升趋势(AAPC=2.56%,P<0.05)。结论江西省肝癌死亡水平较高,但早死导致的疾病负担有下降趋势,男性与农村居民是肝癌防控的重点人群。展开更多
Biliary tract carcinoma(BTC)is a group of malignant tumors that originate in the digestive system and occurs with a high incidence in China.Few consistent and comparable assessments of BTC disease burden have been con...Biliary tract carcinoma(BTC)is a group of malignant tumors that originate in the digestive system and occurs with a high incidence in China.Few consistent and comparable assessments of BTC disease burden have been conducted at national or subnational levels,and little is known about the demographic,temporal,and geographic patterns of epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of BTC in China.The incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),years of life lost(YLLs)due to premature death and years lived with disability(YLDs)of BTC were comprehensively examined by age,sex,and calendar year in the Chinese population,using the methodological framework and analytical strategies used for the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.All-age incidence increased from 17,077 to 51,720between 1990 and 2021,and the age-standardized incidence rate rose by 13.62%;all-age deaths increased from 17,251 to 37,833,but the age-standardized mortality rate fell by nearly one-fifth.The DALYs rose by 89.57%while the age-standardized DALY rate fell by 23.24%.Variations of the tendencies in BTC burden were found between sexes and age groups.Data for each provincial region indicate that coastal eastern provincial regions have higher incidence and YLD levels,whereas northern provincial regions have higher mortality,DALY,and YLL levels.The proportions of DALYs attributable to high body mass index(BMI)illustrate the growing attribution obesity has made,and high BMI usually puts more burden on northern provincial regions.These results provide evidence to support precise,targeted,and customed public health strategies aimed at enhancing biliary tract health among the Chinese population.展开更多
目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年...目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)等指标对2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡资料进行分析。结果:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病粗死亡率为436.7/10万,年龄标化死亡率为493.16/10万,呈逐年上升趋势,男性死亡率显著高于女性;慢性非传染性疾病死亡率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,从65~岁年龄组开始明显升高;循环系统疾疾病占比最高(50.17%),死亡率为219.12/10万,其次是肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病;慢性非传染性疾病造成的寿命损失年PYLL为356073人年,AYLL为5.78人年,PYLL率为25.24‰。结论:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病死亡率呈上升趋势,已成为我市居民的主要死因,严重影响居民的健康和生命,应作为今后疾病防控工作的重点。展开更多
目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(pot...目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)等指标,评价恶性肿瘤的死亡和早死负担及其人群分布特征。结果:2013年恶性肿瘤导致死亡135 236例,占2013年总死亡人数的29.38%,男、女分别为86 736、48 500例。恶性肿瘤死亡率和标化死亡率分别为196.80/10万和111.59/10万,死亡率男女比为1.77,城乡比为0.95。死亡率前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和结直肠肛门癌,占全部恶性肿瘤的75.10%。恶性肿瘤所致PYLL和SPYLL分别为788 367和582 620.68人年,PYLLR男女比为1.78,城乡比为0.93,PYLL前5位依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和白血病,女性中乳腺癌取代食管癌处第4位。结论:导致全人群死亡和早死的主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和白血病,以及女性乳腺癌。对于恶性肿瘤死亡率和潜在减寿率,男性远高于女性、农村居民略高于城市居民。应针对重点癌种和人群,开展相关预防干预措施。展开更多
目的:了解重庆市脑卒中死亡率、早死亡概率、潜在寿命损失及分布情况,为开展脑卒中防治提供建议。方法:2016年居民死亡个案数据(死亡日期为2016年1月1日至2016年12月31日)全部来源于《中国疾病预防控制系统死因登记报告信息系统》,采用...目的:了解重庆市脑卒中死亡率、早死亡概率、潜在寿命损失及分布情况,为开展脑卒中防治提供建议。方法:2016年居民死亡个案数据(死亡日期为2016年1月1日至2016年12月31日)全部来源于《中国疾病预防控制系统死因登记报告信息系统》,采用国际疾病分类第10版(International Classification of Disease-10,ICD-10)对脑卒中(I60-I64)死亡个案进行编码,数据经SPSS 19.0统计分析粗死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、早死亡概率、潜在寿命损失年。率的比较采用卡方检验。结果:2016年重庆市脑卒中粗死亡率与标化死亡率分别为117.35/105与63.19/105,脑卒中死亡占总死亡的16.04%。男性脑卒中死亡率(130.74/105)与标化死亡率(75.72/105)均高于女性(103.50/105与50.51/105),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=21.710,P=0.000;χ~2=27.346,P=0.000)。农村脑卒中死亡率(137.95/105)与标化死亡率(73.44/105)均高于城市(63.54/105与35.27/105),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=53.078,P=0.000;χ~2=37.190,P=0.000)。50岁前脑卒中死亡率均低于50/105,50岁以后随年龄的增长而快速上升,85岁年龄组达到高峰。2016年脑卒中早死亡概率为2.88%,男性脑卒中早死亡概率(3.74%)高于女性(1.96%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=216.999,P=0.000)。农村脑卒中早死亡概率(3.33%)高于城市(1.61%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=191.043,P=0.000)。脑卒中平均潜在寿命损失年(average years of life loss,AYLL)为10.87人年。结论:重庆市脑卒中死亡率与早死亡概率高,农村居民与男性是重点人群,应加强脑卒中的综合防治。展开更多
【目的】了解近五年来上海市徐汇区5-19岁儿童青少年病伤死亡发生、发展的流行特征,为制定和开展儿童青少年疾病综合防治和有效干预措施提供科学依据。【方法】应用死亡率、死因构成和顺位、潜在减寿年数（Po-tential Years of Life Los...【目的】了解近五年来上海市徐汇区5-19岁儿童青少年病伤死亡发生、发展的流行特征,为制定和开展儿童青少年疾病综合防治和有效干预措施提供科学依据。【方法】应用死亡率、死因构成和顺位、潜在减寿年数（Po-tential Years of Life Lost,PYLL）、标化潜在减寿年数（SPYLL）、潜在减寿率（PYLL‰）、标化减寿率（SPYLL‰）、平均减寿年数（AYLL）等健康测量指标对来自2002-2006年徐汇区生命统计报表进行死因分析和减寿评估。【结果】儿童青少年死亡率为15.71/105,标化死亡率为14.35/105,男女性死亡率比值是1.31。损伤中毒（5.68/105）和肿瘤（5.51/105）是危害儿童青少年最主要前二位死因,占全死因死亡的71.28%,居男性死因首位的肿瘤死亡率是女性的1.93倍;居女性死因首位的损伤中毒占女性死亡总数的47.37%。PYLL为6 167人年,SPYLL为5 753.09人年,PYLL‰为10.31‰,SPYLL‰为9.61‰,AYLL为65.61年/人。【结论】死因分析和减寿评估表明,损伤中毒和肿瘤成为危害5-19岁儿童青少年生命健康的主要原因,并造成较大损失,卫生等相关政府部门应加强儿童青少年早期伤害预防和重要疾病监测控制,维护和促进学生身心健康和生命安全。展开更多
基金financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001.
文摘Introduction: Indicators of maternal health are often used to evaluate the social development and overall health of a population, as well as the accessibility of health services. Among these indicators, the Potential Years of Life Lost, which is associated with maternal deaths, is useful for the definition of priorities, monitoring, evaluation, and intervention, identifying the highest risk groups. Objective: To analyze the Potential Years of Life Lost by maternal death in Santa Catarina in 2000 and 2014. Method: An Ecological study with exploratory spatial analysis was conducted with data obtained from the Information System on Mortality and Live Births. Results: In the Information System, 35 maternal deaths in the year 2000 were identified and 24 in 2014. The total estimated years of life lost were 845 years in 2000 and 780 years in 2014, dominated by direct obstetric causes. In 2000, women who died lost, on average, 39.8 years of life;and 41.5 years in 2014. Conclusion: The spatial pattern observed in 2000 highlights areas of high risk in different regions of Santa Catarina. The greatest loss of years occurred in younger women, confirming the need to prevent and control maternal mortality and review strategies for compliance with public policies in the State.
基金the National Key Research&Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(No.2018YFC1315301)Taikang Yicai Public Health and Epidemic Control Fund.
文摘Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the fourth cause of cancer death in China.We aimed to provide national and subnational estimates and changes of CRC premature mortality burden during 2005–2020.Methods:Data from multi-source on the basis of the national surveillance mortality system were used to estimate mortality and years of life lost(YLL)of CRC in the Chinese population during 2005–2020.Estimates were generated and compared for 31 provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Results:Estimated CRC deaths increased from 111.41 thousand in 2005 to 178.02 thousand in 2020;age-standardized mortality rate decreased from 10.01 per 100,000 in 2005 to 9.68 per 100,000 in 2020.Substantial reduction in CRC premature mortality burden,as measured by age-standardized YLL rate,was observed with a reduction of 10.20%nationwide.Marked differences were observed in the geographical patterns of provincial units,and they appeared to be obvious in areas with higher economic development.Population aging was the dominant driver which contributed to the increase in CRC deaths,followed by population growth and age-specific mortality change.Conclusions:Substantial discrepancies were observed in the premature mortality burden of CRC across China.Targeted considerations were needed to promote a healthy lifestyle,expand cost-effective CRC early screening and diagnosis,and improve medical treatment to reduce CRC mortality among high-risk populations and regions with inadequate healthcare resources.
基金We thank Professor Antonio Gasparrini for providing assistance during statistical analysis.This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0606200)Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(201704020194)+3 种基金and the Guangdong Health Innovation Platform.The funders were not involved in the research and preparation of the article,including study designcollection,analysis,and interpretation of datawriting of the articleand the decision to submit it for publication.
文摘Although numerous studies have investigated premature deaths attributable to temperature,effects of temperature on years of life lost(YLL)remain unclear.We estimated the relationship between temperatures and YLL,and quantified the YLL per death caused by temperature in China.We collected daily meteorological and mortality data,and calculated the daily YLL values for 364 locations(2013–2017 in Yunnan,Guangdong,Hunan,Zhejiang,and Jilin provinces,and 2006–2011 in other locations)in China.A time-series design with a distributed lag nonlinear model was first employed to estimate the location-specific associations between temperature and YLL rates(YLL/100,000 population),and a multivariate meta-analysis model was used to pool location-specific associations.Then,YLL per death caused by temperatures was calculated.The temperature and YLL rates consistently showed U-shaped associations.A mean of 1.02(95%confidence interval:0.67,1.37)YLL per death was attributable to temperature.Cold temperature caused 0.98 YLL per death with most from moderate cold(0.84).The mean YLL per death was higher in those with cardiovascular diseases(1.14),males(1.15),younger age categories(1.31 in people aged 65–74 years),and in central China(1.34)than in those with respiratory diseases(0.47),females(0.87),older people(0.85 in people R75 years old),and northern China(0.64)or southern China(1.19).The mortality burden was modified by annual temperature and temperature variability,relative humidity,latitude,longitude,altitude,education attainment,and central heating use.Temperatures caused substantial YLL per death in China,which was modified by demographic and regional characteristics.
基金Supported by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Colleges and Universities of Science and Technology Research Projects,No.NJZY13415Inner Mongolia Medical University Technology Million Project,No.NY2011BW006Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia in China,No.2013MS1124
文摘AIM: To determine the extent of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality and the association between demographic characteristics and CRC mortality in Inner Mongolia.
文摘目的分析江西省死因监测地区居民肝癌死亡水平及其疾病负担情况,为针对性开展肝癌防控措施提供建议。方法利用2014—2021年江西省20个国家级死因监测地区报告的居民肝癌死亡数据,计算肝癌死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡率、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLL)率、平均寿命损失年(average years of life lost,AYLL)等指标,2014—2021年趋势分析采用平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)表示。结果2014—2021年,江西省死因监测地区肝癌死亡率为21.41/10万,标化死亡率为20.01/10万,男性死亡率高于女性,农村死亡率高于城市(P<0.05)。肝癌年龄别死亡率随年龄增长而上升,死亡率从30岁开始快速上升。2014—2021年男性、女性、农村居民死亡率AAPC分别为2.60%、5.58%、3.55%(P<0.05);城市居民死亡率、各人群标化死亡率变化趋势均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性、女性、城市、农村居民AYLL的AAPC分别为-1.75%、-2.88%、-2.46%、-1.94%(P<0.05);女性YLL率呈上升趋势(AAPC=2.56%,P<0.05)。结论江西省肝癌死亡水平较高,但早死导致的疾病负担有下降趋势,男性与农村居民是肝癌防控的重点人群。
基金supported by the Key Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(YDZX20193100004049)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273016 and 82303937)+2 种基金Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes(KF2120)National Key Project of Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2500404 and 2021YFC2500405)the University-level Scientific Fund of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences(SSF-24-1602)。
文摘Biliary tract carcinoma(BTC)is a group of malignant tumors that originate in the digestive system and occurs with a high incidence in China.Few consistent and comparable assessments of BTC disease burden have been conducted at national or subnational levels,and little is known about the demographic,temporal,and geographic patterns of epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of BTC in China.The incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),years of life lost(YLLs)due to premature death and years lived with disability(YLDs)of BTC were comprehensively examined by age,sex,and calendar year in the Chinese population,using the methodological framework and analytical strategies used for the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.All-age incidence increased from 17,077 to 51,720between 1990 and 2021,and the age-standardized incidence rate rose by 13.62%;all-age deaths increased from 17,251 to 37,833,but the age-standardized mortality rate fell by nearly one-fifth.The DALYs rose by 89.57%while the age-standardized DALY rate fell by 23.24%.Variations of the tendencies in BTC burden were found between sexes and age groups.Data for each provincial region indicate that coastal eastern provincial regions have higher incidence and YLD levels,whereas northern provincial regions have higher mortality,DALY,and YLL levels.The proportions of DALYs attributable to high body mass index(BMI)illustrate the growing attribution obesity has made,and high BMI usually puts more burden on northern provincial regions.These results provide evidence to support precise,targeted,and customed public health strategies aimed at enhancing biliary tract health among the Chinese population.
文摘目的:分析2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡特征,为制定该地区慢性非传染性疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:采用粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost, PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)等指标对2016~2020年毕节市国家级死因监测地区慢性非传染性疾病死亡资料进行分析。结果:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病粗死亡率为436.7/10万,年龄标化死亡率为493.16/10万,呈逐年上升趋势,男性死亡率显著高于女性;慢性非传染性疾病死亡率随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,从65~岁年龄组开始明显升高;循环系统疾疾病占比最高(50.17%),死亡率为219.12/10万,其次是肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病;慢性非传染性疾病造成的寿命损失年PYLL为356073人年,AYLL为5.78人年,PYLL率为25.24‰。结论:2016~2020年毕节市居民慢性非传染性疾病死亡率呈上升趋势,已成为我市居民的主要死因,严重影响居民的健康和生命,应作为今后疾病防控工作的重点。
文摘目的 :了解2013年江苏省恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其所致潜在寿命损失特征,为肿瘤的预防提供依据。方法 :通过江苏省死因监测系统搜集2013年恶性肿瘤的死亡个案信息,利用从公安部门获取的人口学信息,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)和标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)等指标,评价恶性肿瘤的死亡和早死负担及其人群分布特征。结果:2013年恶性肿瘤导致死亡135 236例,占2013年总死亡人数的29.38%,男、女分别为86 736、48 500例。恶性肿瘤死亡率和标化死亡率分别为196.80/10万和111.59/10万,死亡率男女比为1.77,城乡比为0.95。死亡率前5位依次为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和结直肠肛门癌,占全部恶性肿瘤的75.10%。恶性肿瘤所致PYLL和SPYLL分别为788 367和582 620.68人年,PYLLR男女比为1.78,城乡比为0.93,PYLL前5位依次为肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌和白血病,女性中乳腺癌取代食管癌处第4位。结论:导致全人群死亡和早死的主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌和白血病,以及女性乳腺癌。对于恶性肿瘤死亡率和潜在减寿率,男性远高于女性、农村居民略高于城市居民。应针对重点癌种和人群,开展相关预防干预措施。
文摘目的:了解重庆市脑卒中死亡率、早死亡概率、潜在寿命损失及分布情况,为开展脑卒中防治提供建议。方法:2016年居民死亡个案数据(死亡日期为2016年1月1日至2016年12月31日)全部来源于《中国疾病预防控制系统死因登记报告信息系统》,采用国际疾病分类第10版(International Classification of Disease-10,ICD-10)对脑卒中(I60-I64)死亡个案进行编码,数据经SPSS 19.0统计分析粗死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、早死亡概率、潜在寿命损失年。率的比较采用卡方检验。结果:2016年重庆市脑卒中粗死亡率与标化死亡率分别为117.35/105与63.19/105,脑卒中死亡占总死亡的16.04%。男性脑卒中死亡率(130.74/105)与标化死亡率(75.72/105)均高于女性(103.50/105与50.51/105),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=21.710,P=0.000;χ~2=27.346,P=0.000)。农村脑卒中死亡率(137.95/105)与标化死亡率(73.44/105)均高于城市(63.54/105与35.27/105),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=53.078,P=0.000;χ~2=37.190,P=0.000)。50岁前脑卒中死亡率均低于50/105,50岁以后随年龄的增长而快速上升,85岁年龄组达到高峰。2016年脑卒中早死亡概率为2.88%,男性脑卒中早死亡概率(3.74%)高于女性(1.96%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=216.999,P=0.000)。农村脑卒中早死亡概率(3.33%)高于城市(1.61%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=191.043,P=0.000)。脑卒中平均潜在寿命损失年(average years of life loss,AYLL)为10.87人年。结论:重庆市脑卒中死亡率与早死亡概率高,农村居民与男性是重点人群,应加强脑卒中的综合防治。
文摘【目的】了解近五年来上海市徐汇区5-19岁儿童青少年病伤死亡发生、发展的流行特征,为制定和开展儿童青少年疾病综合防治和有效干预措施提供科学依据。【方法】应用死亡率、死因构成和顺位、潜在减寿年数（Po-tential Years of Life Lost,PYLL）、标化潜在减寿年数（SPYLL）、潜在减寿率（PYLL‰）、标化减寿率（SPYLL‰）、平均减寿年数（AYLL）等健康测量指标对来自2002-2006年徐汇区生命统计报表进行死因分析和减寿评估。【结果】儿童青少年死亡率为15.71/105,标化死亡率为14.35/105,男女性死亡率比值是1.31。损伤中毒（5.68/105）和肿瘤（5.51/105）是危害儿童青少年最主要前二位死因,占全死因死亡的71.28%,居男性死因首位的肿瘤死亡率是女性的1.93倍;居女性死因首位的损伤中毒占女性死亡总数的47.37%。PYLL为6 167人年,SPYLL为5 753.09人年,PYLL‰为10.31‰,SPYLL‰为9.61‰,AYLL为65.61年/人。【结论】死因分析和减寿评估表明,损伤中毒和肿瘤成为危害5-19岁儿童青少年生命健康的主要原因,并造成较大损失,卫生等相关政府部门应加强儿童青少年早期伤害预防和重要疾病监测控制,维护和促进学生身心健康和生命安全。
