THE FEKETE-SZEG?INEQUALITY AND SUCCESSIVE COEFFICIENTS DIFFERENCE FOR A SUBCLASS OF CLOSE-TO-STARLIKE MAPPINGS IN COMPLEX BANACH SPACES

Let C be the familiar class of normalized close-to-convex functions in the unit disk.In[17],Koepf demonstrated that,as to a function■in the class C,■By applying this inequality,it can be proven that‖a3|-|a2‖≤1 for close-to-convex functions.Now we generalized the above conclusions to a subclass of close-to-starlike mappings defined on the unit ball of a complex Banach space.

ON α-CONVEX FUNCTIONS WITH MISSING COEFFICIENTS

Let Jn(α,A,B),α≥0,-1≤B<A≤1,n≥1,denote the class of functions f(z)=z+∑k=n+1^∞αkZ^k which are analytic in E={z:|z|<1} and satisfy the conditions f(z)f′(z)/z≠0 and (1-α)zf′(z)/f(z)+α(1+zf″(z)/f′(z))-<1+Az/1+Bz for z∈E.In this paper we obtain incluion relations,distortion properties and estimates of |αn+2-λα^2n+1| for the class Jn(α,A,B),where λ is complex.

Examining Inequality in the Public Health Workforce Distribution in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs) System in China, 2008–2017

Objective Allocation of human resources to address inequalities in the public health system has increasingly attracted societal and political attention.Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)system of China as an example,we evaluated inequality in the public health workforce distribution across different regions in China between 2008 and 2017,with the aim of providing information for policymakers to support resource allocation and address growing health inequities.Methods We used three standard public health workforce inequality indices-Gini coefficient,Theil L,and Theil T-and spatial autocorrelation analysis to explore spatial clusters of the workforce in different provinces,visualized with geographical tools.Results The aggregate workforce-to-population ratio decreased from 1.47 to 1.42 per 10,000 population from 2008 to 2017,and was consistently lower than the National Health Commission’s(NHC)recommended critical shortage threshold of 1.75.The workforce distribution inequality indices varied by regional socioeconomic and health system development.Geographic clustering of CDCs workforce distribution was evident,with H–H and L–L clusters in western China and the Guangdong-Fujian region,respectively.Conclusions Our study addressed key issues for government and policymakers in allocation of public health human resources.There is an urgent need for careful identification of analytic questions that will help carry out public health functions in the new era,alongside policy implications for an equitable distribution of the public health workforce focusing on the western region and low–low cluster areas.

On an Extension and a Refinement of Van der Corput's Inequality

By introducing a parameter α, we give an extension of Van der Corput＇s inequality. Also a new strengthened version of it is considered.

On a Refinement of Hardy-Hilbert's Inequality and Its Applications

In this paper, by introducting a weight coefficient of the form: π/sin(π/r)-1/10(2n+1)1+1/r (r＞1, n∈N0), Hardy-Hilbert's inequality is refined. As its applications, an equivalent Hard y-Hilbert's type inequality and its strengthened form are given, and Hardy-Li ttlewood's inequality is generalized and improved.

INVERSE COEFFICIENT PROBLEMS FOR PARABOLIC HEMIVARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES

This paper is devoted to the class of inverse problems for a nonlinear parabolic hemivariational inequality. The unknown coefficient of the operator depends on the gradient of the solution and belongs to a set of admissible coefficients. It is proved that the convergence of solutions for the corresponding direct problems continuously depends on the coefficient convergence. Based on this result the existence of a quasisolution of the inverse problem is obtained.

On an Extension of Hibert's Inequality and Applications

This paper gives a new generalization of Hilbert＇s inequality with a best constant factor involving the β function. An applications, we consider the equivalent form and some particular results.

Fekete-Szegö Inequality for a Subclass of Bi-univalent Functions Associated with Hohlov Operator and Quasi-subordination

In this paper, we introduce a new subclass of bi-univalent functions defined by quasi-subordination and Hohlov operator and obtain the coefficient estimates and Fekete-Szego inequality for function in this new subclass. The results presented in this paper improve or generalize the recent works of other authors.

ON CERTAIN CLASS OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS WITH POSITIVE COEFFICIENTS

In the present investigation we define a new class of meromorphic functions on the punctured unit disk A△^＊ ：= {z ∈ C ： 0 〈 ｜z｜ 〈 1} by making use of the generalized Dziok-Srivastava operator Hm^l [α1]. Coefficient inequalities, growth and distortion inequalities, as well as closure results are obtained. We also establish some results concerning the partial sums of meromorphic functions and neighborhood results for functions in new class.

Coefficient Inequalities for p-Valent Functions

In the present paper, the authors introduce a new subclass of p-valent analytic functions with complex order defined on the open unit disk U={z:z∈C and |z|<1} and obtain coefficient inequalities for the functions in these class. Application of these results for the functions defined by the convolution are also obtained.

ON THE COEFFICIENTS OF A POLYNOMIAL WITH RESTRICTED ZEROS

Let P（z）=anz^n＋an-1z^n-1＋…＋a0be a complex polynomial of degree n. There is a close connection between the coefficients and the zeros of P（z）. In this paper we prove some sharp inequalities concerning the coefficients of the polynomial P（z） with restricted zeros. We also establish a sufficient condition for the separation of zeros of P（z）.

Some Properties of the Class of Univalent Functions with Negative Coefficients

The main object of this paper is to study some properties of certain subclass of analytic functions with negative coefficients defined by a linear operator in the open unit disc. These properties include the coefficient estimates, closure properties, distortion theorems and integral operators.

The relationship between income inequality and obesity in all 47 prefectures of Japan: Ecological study

The link between income inequality and obesity inJapanwas evaluated. Income inequality of all 47 prefectures of Japan as expressed by Gini coefficient was obtained from National Statistics Center, Japan. The rate of obesity (%) was also obtained from National NutritionSurvey,Japan. The effect of income inequality on obesity was evaluated by ecological study. Income inequality as expressed by Gini coefficient was 0.31 ± 0.01 and the rate of obesity was 31.6% ± 5.6%. Gini coefficient was significantly and positively correlated with the rate of obesity (r = 0.490, p = 0.0005). Income inequality was might be associated with the rate of obesity inJapan.

ANALYSIS AND DISCRETIZATION FOR AN OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM OF A VARIABLE-COEFFICIENT RIESZ-FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION EQUATION WITH POINTWISE CONTROL CONSTRAINTS

We present a mathematical and numerical study for a pointwise optimal control problem governed by a variable-coefficient Riesz-fractional diffusion equation.Due to the impact of the variable diffusivity coefficient,existing regularity results for their constantcoefficient counterparts do not apply,while the bilinear forms of the state(adjoint)equation may lose the coercivity that is critical in error estimates of the finite element method.We reformulate the state equation as an equivalent constant-coefficient fractional diffusion equation with the addition of a variable-coefficient low-order fractional advection term.First order optimality conditions are accordingly derived and the smoothing properties of the solutions are analyzed by,e.g.,interpolation estimates.The weak coercivity of the resulting bilinear forms are proven via the Garding inequality,based on which we prove the optimal-order convergence estimates of the finite element method for the(adjoint)state variable and the control variable.Numerical experiments substantiate the theoretical predictions.

Socio-Economic Inequality and Economic Growth: Measurements for Central and Eastern Europe

The objective of this work is the study of social and economic inequality in the space of Central and Eastern Europe and its impact on economic growth. Our study includes a three-stage methodology:(1) application of a clustering method based on neural network (Self Organising Maps), to the series of panel data in order to divide countries into clusters, corresponding to the degree of economic and social inequality;(2) computing a composed index of economic and social inequality, using Principal Component Analysis and an extension of the method provided by OECD for computing composite indicators;(3) constructing an econometric model to establish the impact of social and economic inequality on economic growth and a VAR model to determine the causality between main determinants to growth and inequality as well as the response to shocks to the dynamics of the variables. The 24 Eastern and Central European countries have been grouped in five clusters, according to 11 attributes. In the results obtained, the third cluster comprises countries with the most equitable income distribution: Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Slovak Republic, Slovenia. To the opposite side is the fifth cluster with the deepest inequality, including only one country, namely Georgia. The second and third steps of our methodology, were applied only for the extreme clusters namely, the clusters with the highest (C5) and lowest (C3) inequality respectively.

Global Income Inequality and Poverty Reduction:Trends and Remedies

There is a global consensus that world economy need not only grow faster,but also grow in a way that the poor receive a greater share of the benefits of that growth.It is well documented that income inequality is on the rise,with the richest 10%earning up to 40%of total global income.The poorest 10%earn only between 2%and 7%of total global income.After long time of neglect,inequality has re-entered the mainstream development policy agenda at both national and global levels indicating that relevant policies should be universal in principle paying attention to the needs of disadvantaged and marginalized populations.As highlighted in almost all SDG’s documents,income inequality is a global problem that requires global solutions.This involves improving the regulation and monitoring of financial markets and institutions,encouraging development assistance and foreign direct investment to regions where the need is greatest.Facilitating the safe migration and mobility of people is also key to bridging the widening divide.SDG 10 encompasses 10 targets with the objective of promoting social,economic,and political inclusion of all,irrespective of age,sex,disability,race,ethnicity,origin,religion,or economic or other status.Achieving SDG 10 reaffirms that the 2030 development agenda will focus not only on eradicating poverty but also on tackling inequalities in all its forms through adopting sound policies to empower the bottom percentile of income earners,and promote economic inclusion of all regardless of sex,race,or ethnicity.This paper analyses the resent status of income inequality and its relationship with economic growth and poverty in selected developing countries.The paper highlights that there is a triangular relationship between income distribution,poverty and economic growth;while accelerated economic growth is a primary factor in reducing poverty,inequalities can constrain poverty reduction significantly.

Income Inequality in Mountain Areas: The Case of Agroforestry Farming Systems in Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania

Land degradation due to use of unsustainable agricultural practices has affected many communities in rural mountain areas rendering them to be more vulnerable to income poverty and inequality. In this case, agroforestry systems promise to offer great solutions as they can be developed in unfavourable conditions where other production systems would either rapidly degrade the land or otherwise would not be possible. However, little is known whether agroforestry can address issues of income inequality in mountain areas. Hence, we conducted a study to investigate the nature and determinants of income inequality in Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania. Specifically, we used the cross-sectional research design and we calculated the income percentile shares, Gini coefficients and the coefficient of variation (CV), to pinpoint the nature of income inequality in the study area. The determinants of income inequality were analysed using the step by step multiple linear model. The results of analysis suggested prevalence of income inequality. Crop production was the main source of income in the agroforestry systems of the study area. Earnings from crops and timber were decreasing income-inequality amongst smallholder farmers. Our disaggregated analysis showed that off-farm income was also decreasing income-inequality for farmers with farmlands located close to homestead, for female-headed households, for farmers who did not access extension services, and those who were members of community-based financial institutions. Estimated incomes increased with household assets, size of farmland, and age of household head. However, the same decreased with household size. We found gender disparity to be one of the key issues that need attention in formulating future policies to reduce inequality. We recommend promotion of livelihood diversification as well as the designing and implementation of tailor-made training and farm financing mechanism to help the less resource-endowed farmers in mountain areas to raise their economic portfolios and social status and combat income poverty and inequality.

教育不平等对居民收入差距影响实证分析

文章基于2001年至2020年我国31省、区、市的省级面板数据,测度了我国各个省、区、市的教育基尼系数与城乡收入泰尔指数,全面地分析了我国目前教育不平等与收入不平等的现状。而后通过固定效应模型、机制分析和异质性分析考察了教育不平等对居民收入差距的影响。实证分析结果表明:教育不平等对收入差距有明显的正向影响关系,教育不平等每增加1%,收入差距会增加0.153%;教育不平等对收入差距的影响机制是通过降低劳动生产力、阻碍人力资本积累、加剧就业难度三个途径扩大收入差距。

中国耗水结构综合分析及其驱动力研究

基于水足迹方法,量化了2010年和2019年中国除港澳台外31个省(自治区、直辖市)农业、工业、生活和生态部门的耗水量,以基尼系数、不平衡指数和水资源承载力为主要指标,评价了各省份耗水结构的空间均匀性、局部适配性和水资源脆弱性,并采用灰色关联法对各部门耗水特征进行了驱动力分析。结果表明:各部门耗水空间分布的均匀性差异显著,农业部门最优,2019年较2010年有所下降;生活和工业部门的水资源适配度最佳,2019年较2010年变化不大;北方地区较南方地区的水资源承载力更为脆弱,超载地区主要集中在黄淮海等地区,2019年较2010年更为严峻;作物播种面积、工业营业收入、城镇生活污水排放量和城镇环境基础建设投资分别是农业、工业、生活和生态部门耗水结构的最主要驱动因素。

易地扶贫搬迁农户生态系统服务收益不平等的测度和分解研究

生态系统服务与人类福祉和社会经济可持续发展密切相关。在乡村振兴背景下,生态系统服务收益不平等程度的降低有助于提升农村居民对环境保护的关切,促进农村地区生态环境改善,推动农村经济、社会和环境的协调发展。基于2021年陕西易地扶贫搬迁入户调研数据,测度和分解了搬迁农户生态系统服务收益不平等。首先,测度农户在搬迁前后生态系统服务收益不平等程度;其次,基于静态视角利用基尼系数分解生态系统服务收益构成对其不平等的贡献度;最后,基于动态视角利用夏普里分解法量化了生态系统服务收益影响因素对其不平等的贡献度。结果表明,生态系统服务总收益不平等和调节服务收益不平等在搬迁后有所降低,供给服务不平等和文化服务不平等在搬迁后均提高;调节服务收益、供给服务收益、文化服务收益对总收益不平等贡献度依次递减,但与其他两种收益不同,调节服务收益增加会使总收益不平等程度降低;相同影响因素对生态系统服务总收益不平等和各分项收益不平等贡献度具有差异,政策因素是影响因素中造成总收益不平等及分项收益不平等的主要原因。本研究为基于不平等视角探究生态系统服务提供路径支持和方法借鉴,也为新时期易地扶贫搬迁地区生态保护政策的制定和实施提供启示。