A New Species of Theloderma Tschudi,1838(Amphibia:Rhacoporidae)from Central Java Allied to T.horridum(Boulenger,1903)

Species diversity of the genus Theloderma has been extensively studied in recent decades,with the majority of newly described species hailing from the Indochina region.We describe a new species of mediumsized Theloderma based on molecular and morphological evidence from lowland forest in the southern part of Central Java Province,Indonesia,that is highly similar to and considered cryptic within the T.horridum group.A phylogenetic approach shows that this population is a distinct genetic lineage and can be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of vomerine teeth,moderate irregular blunt warts and studded with calcified asperities on the dorsal skin,a distinct color pattern,and a distinct denticle formula in the tadpole.Although the range of the new species is known only from Central Java,it cannot be ruled out that it may extends into adjacent areas,such as other parts of Java and Sumatra.

A new species of the genus Theloderma Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia： Anura： Rhacophoridae) from Tay Nguyen Plateau, central Vietnam

A new species of small tree frog from a primary montane tropical forest of central Vietnam, Tay Nguyen Plateau, is described based on morphological, molecular, and acoustic evidence. The Golden Bug-Eyed Frog, Theloderma auratum sp. nov., is distinguishable from its congeners and other small rhacophorid species based on a combination of the following morphological attributes： （1） bony ridges on head absent; （2） smooth skin completely lacking calcified warts or asperities; （3） pointed elongated tapering snout; （4） vocal opening in males absent; （5） vomerine teeth absent; （6） males of small body size （SVL 21.8-26.4 mm）; （7） head longer than wide; ED/SVL ratio 13%-15%; ESL/SVL ratio 16%-20%; （8） small tympanum （TD/EL ratio 50%-60%） with few tiny tubercles; （9） supratympanic fold absent; （10） ventral surfaces completely smooth; （11 ） webbing between fingers absent; （12） outer and inner metacarpal tubercles present, supernumerary metacarpal tubercle single, medial, oval in shape; （13） toes half-webbed： I 2-21/4 II 11/^-23/~ III 2-31/4 IV 3-11/2 V; （14） inner metatarsal tubercle present, oval; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; （15） iris bicolored; （16） dorsal surfaces golden-yellow with sparse golden-orange speckling or reticulations and few small dark-brown spots; （17） lateral sides of head and body with wide dark reddish-brown to black lateral stripes, clearlyseparated from lighter dorsal coloration by straight contrasting edge; （18） ventral surfaces of body, throat, and chest greyish-blue with indistinct brown confluent blotches; （19） upper eyelids with few （3-5） very small flat reddish superciliary tubercles; （20） limbs dorsally reddish-brown, ventrally brown with small bluish-white speckles. The new species is also distinct from all congeners in 12S rRNA to 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA fragment sequences （uncorrected genetic distance P〉8.9%）. Advertisement call and tadpole morphology of the new species are described. Our molecular data showed Theloderma auratum sp. nov. to be a sister species of Th. palliatum from Langbian Plateau in southern Vietnam.

Theloderma licin McLeod and Ahmad,2007 (Lissamphibia:Anura:Rhacophoridae),a New Frog Record for Borneo

A new record of the rhacophorid frog, Theloderma licin is reported from Gunung Serambu, in the Bau region of western Sarawak, East Malaysia, which comprises the first published record of the species from the Sundaic island of Borneo. The species was previously known from the Malay Peninsula （southern Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia）. Species of Theloderma are widespread in mainland and insular Southeast Asia, their arboreal habits perhaps contributing to our perception of rarity.

广西棱皮树蛙Theloderma kwangsiensis生物学初步研究

2010年至2012年对海南鹦哥岭两栖类动物进行了调查,野外采集到广西棱皮树蛙Theloderma kwangsiensis的蛙卵,对蛙卵进行了人工孵化,对蝌蚪与幼蛙进行了人工饲养。结果显示:该蛙繁殖时间为3月中旬,蛙卵孵化时间为14 d,6个月左右完成变态,蝌蚪唇齿式为Ⅰ∶2+2/1+1∶Ⅱ。该蛙种群数量极其稀少,建议加强保护。

海南岛蛙类新纪录——广西棱皮树蛙

2007年3月30日在海南省尖峰岭自然保护区采得雄性广西棱皮树蛙(Theloderma kwangsiensis)1只,为海南岛蛙类新纪录。标本的形态特征与文献描述稍有差异。

A new genus and species of treefrog from Medog,southeastern Tibet,China(Anura,Rhacophoridae)

A new genus and species of threefrog is described from Medog, southeastern Tibet, China based on morphological and phylogenetic data. The new genus can be distinguished from other treefrog genera by the following combination of characters： （1） body size moderate, 45.0 mm in male; （2） snout rounded; （3） canthus rostralis obtuse and raised prominently, forming a ridge from nostril to anterior corner of eyes; （4） web rudimentary on fingers; （5） web moderately developed on toes; （6） phalange ＂Y＂ shaped, visible from dorsal side of fingers and toes; （7） skin of dorsal surfaces relatively smooth, scatted with small tubercles; （8） iris with a pale yellow, ＂X＂ shaped pattern of pigmentation.

白斑棱皮树蛙生物学特征及栖息地生境初探

为补充白斑棱皮树蛙生物学相关数据,2012年6月—2013年6月,2016年8月至2017年3月,利用样带法对海南鹦哥岭自然保护区内的白斑棱皮树蛙(Theloderma albopunctatum)进行了野外调查,发现白斑棱皮树蛙成体6只,蝌蚪5尾,并对蝌蚪进行了人工饲养。结果显示:白斑棱皮树蛙在海南鹦哥岭自然保护区具有稳定的种群,栖息地位于中高海拔的原始林或次生林中,栖息地植被茂密、郁闭度高,湿度大。该蛙繁殖季节为5月前后,通常在树洞内进行繁殖,产卵量少,约10枚左右。蝌蚪生活在树洞积水内,唇齿式为I:3+3/1+1:II。该蛙种群数量相对稀少,该文也对该物种的保护进行了探讨和建议。

广西邦亮长臂猿国家级自然保护区北部湾棱皮树蛙栖息地特征

2017年3月至2018年6月通过样线法对分布在广西邦亮长臂猿国家级自然保护区的北部湾棱皮树蛙种群分布、数量和栖息地进行了研究。共测定4个栖息地样方和12个对照样方的24个生态因子,并对18个生态因子的变量进行差异性比较。结果表明,北部湾棱皮树蛙种群数量稀少,呈点状分布。偏向栖息于空气湿度较高(90%左右)、与水源距离近,草本密度小(44%以下),草本覆盖率小(55%以下),乔木盖度大(75%~90%)和乔木高度较高(6.9~12.0 m)的次生性且发育较为完整的岩溶山地季雨林中。研究结果为分布在该保护区的北部湾棱皮树蛙的生态学研究和保护提供参考。

红吸盘棱皮树蛙新纪录及其分布区扩大

2010年到2013年间分别在广西大瑶山、广东南昆山、江西九连山和江西三百山共采集到8个红吸盘棱皮树蛙(Theloderma rhododiscus)标本,为江西省的新纪录。结合已有的资料,红吸盘棱皮树蛙已知分布点共有10个,红吸盘棱皮树蛙的分布区域可从原先的广西金秀、龙胜和南宁,向南扩展至越南北部和云南东南部,向东沿南岭山脉扩展至福建武夷山中段的广大连片的区域。

北部湾棱皮树蛙外周血细胞显微结构观察

本文以人们极少关注的两栖动物北部湾棱皮树蛙(Theloderma corticale)为研究对象,采用瑞氏-姬姆萨混合染色法与血细胞计数法观察并统计了北部湾棱皮树蛙外周血细胞的形态特征和数量比例。结果显示,北部湾棱皮树蛙的外周血由红细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞(包括大、小淋巴细胞)和单核细胞、血栓细胞7种细胞组成。其中,红细胞的数量最多,平均含量为2.43×10^5个/mm3,多呈椭圆形或卵圆形,少数呈泪滴形、梨形、逗号形、梭形,具椭圆或圆形核,核染色质密集,偶尔可观察到正在进行直接分裂或有丝分裂的红细胞。白细胞的数量比红细胞少,平均含量为1.74×10^4个/mm3,其中,小淋巴细胞占40.02%±1.77%、大淋巴细胞占10.83%±2.53%、单核细胞占23.17%±3.16%、嗜中性粒细胞占10.08%±4.62%、嗜碱性粒细胞占9.25%±2.69%、嗜酸性粒细胞占6.72%±1.50%。血栓细胞呈纺锤形和梭形,常单独存在,或者呈圆形和不规则圆形,数个集合在一起。

三种不同科属蛙类外周血细胞的比较

采用快速瑞氏-姬姆萨(Wright’s-Giemsa’s)染色法对斑腿泛树蛙(Polypedates megacephalus)和沼水蛙(Hylarana guentheri)的外周血细胞进行观察,并与北部湾棱皮树蛙(Theloderma corticale)已有的数据进行了比较。结果显示,三种蛙的血细胞均由红细胞、白细胞和血栓细胞组成,三种蛙的血细胞在形态结构上具有一定的共性,但在形态大小、数量上差异显著。沼水蛙的红细胞长径和短径均显著大于其余两种,分别为(23.56±2.78)μm和(14.25±1.62)μm;3种蛙的嗜中性粒细胞和小淋巴细胞在大小上没有明显差别,但北部湾棱皮树蛙的嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的长径、短径均显著大于其他两种蛙。北部湾棱皮树蛙的红细胞数量显著少于其余两者,为(24.33±9.46)×10^(4)/mm^(3);斑腿泛树蛙白细胞数量显著少于其余两种蛙,为(1.40±0.40)×10^(4)/mm^(3)。这些差异的产生可能与其生活环境以及生活习性有关。