1.Introduction The recent increase in life expectancy in China is also leading to an increased incidence of dementia.Dementia is a common,chronic,organic disease,which manifests extensive degenerative changes in the b...1.Introduction The recent increase in life expectancy in China is also leading to an increased incidence of dementia.Dementia is a common,chronic,organic disease,which manifests extensive degenerative changes in the brain.In addition to cognitive dysfunction,people with dementia often have additional mental and/or behavioral symptoms.展开更多
Background： Laying on of hands （LooH） is a culturally-accepted therapy in several traditions. In Brazil, ＂Spiritism＂ （third-largest religious tradition in number of followers） uses LooH with the name of ＂Spiri...Background： Laying on of hands （LooH） is a culturally-accepted therapy in several traditions. In Brazil, ＂Spiritism＂ （third-largest religious tradition in number of followers） uses LooH with the name of ＂Spiritist Passe＂ （SP）. However, there are few studies assessing SP＇s role in medical outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the effects of LooH, with and without a spiritual context, on pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity of older women （≥60 years old） with knee osteoarthritis （KOA）. Methods/design： In this triple-blind, prospective randomized controlled trial, older women with KOA are assigned to three groups： LooH with a spiritual context group, LooH group without a spiritual context, and a control group receiving no intervention. Patients are assessed by a blinded researcher at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. Pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity are assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Other measures such as anxiety, depression, gait speed, and quality of life will also be assessed. To detect differences between groups, a post-intervention com- parison between the three groups and a mean change （post-pre） comparison among the three groups will be done using analysis of variance. All statistical analyses will be performed using an intention-to-treat approach and a per-protocol analysis. Discussion： A pragmatic design using SP, LooH without spiritual context, and no LooH may provide further scientific evidence on SP＇s feasibility and efficacy for KOA patients.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： More than one-third of college students reported the desire for stress reduction techniques and education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 20-week structured self-Reiki program ...OBJECTIVE： More than one-third of college students reported the desire for stress reduction techniques and education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 20-week structured self-Reiki program on stress reduction and relaxation in college students. METHODS： Students were recruited from Stockton University and sessions were conducted in the privacy of their residence. Twenty students completed the entire study consisting of 20 weeks of self- Reiki done twice weekly. Each participant completed a Reiki Baseline Credibility Scale, a Reiki Expectancy Scale, and a Perceived Stress Scale （PSS） after acceptance into the study. The PSS was completed every four weeks once the interventions were initiated. A global assessment questionnaire was completed at the end of the study. Logs summarizing the outcome of each session were submitted at the end of the study. RESULTS： With the exception of three participants, participants believed that Reiki is a credible technique for reducing stress levels. Except for two participants, participants agreed that Reiki would be effective in reducing stress levels. All participants experienced stress within the month prior to completing the initial PSS. There was a significant reduction in stress levels from pre-study to post-study. There was a correlation between self-rating of improvement and final PSS scores. With one exception, stress levels at 20 weeks did not return to pre-study stress levels. CONCLUSION： This study supports the hypothesis that the calming effect of Reiki may be achieved through the use of self-Reiki.展开更多
文摘1.Introduction The recent increase in life expectancy in China is also leading to an increased incidence of dementia.Dementia is a common,chronic,organic disease,which manifests extensive degenerative changes in the brain.In addition to cognitive dysfunction,people with dementia often have additional mental and/or behavioral symptoms.
文摘Background： Laying on of hands （LooH） is a culturally-accepted therapy in several traditions. In Brazil, ＂Spiritism＂ （third-largest religious tradition in number of followers） uses LooH with the name of ＂Spiritist Passe＂ （SP）. However, there are few studies assessing SP＇s role in medical outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the effects of LooH, with and without a spiritual context, on pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity of older women （≥60 years old） with knee osteoarthritis （KOA）. Methods/design： In this triple-blind, prospective randomized controlled trial, older women with KOA are assigned to three groups： LooH with a spiritual context group, LooH group without a spiritual context, and a control group receiving no intervention. Patients are assessed by a blinded researcher at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. Pain, joint stiffness, and functional capacity are assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Other measures such as anxiety, depression, gait speed, and quality of life will also be assessed. To detect differences between groups, a post-intervention com- parison between the three groups and a mean change （post-pre） comparison among the three groups will be done using analysis of variance. All statistical analyses will be performed using an intention-to-treat approach and a per-protocol analysis. Discussion： A pragmatic design using SP, LooH without spiritual context, and no LooH may provide further scientific evidence on SP＇s feasibility and efficacy for KOA patients.
文摘OBJECTIVE： More than one-third of college students reported the desire for stress reduction techniques and education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 20-week structured self-Reiki program on stress reduction and relaxation in college students. METHODS： Students were recruited from Stockton University and sessions were conducted in the privacy of their residence. Twenty students completed the entire study consisting of 20 weeks of self- Reiki done twice weekly. Each participant completed a Reiki Baseline Credibility Scale, a Reiki Expectancy Scale, and a Perceived Stress Scale （PSS） after acceptance into the study. The PSS was completed every four weeks once the interventions were initiated. A global assessment questionnaire was completed at the end of the study. Logs summarizing the outcome of each session were submitted at the end of the study. RESULTS： With the exception of three participants, participants believed that Reiki is a credible technique for reducing stress levels. Except for two participants, participants agreed that Reiki would be effective in reducing stress levels. All participants experienced stress within the month prior to completing the initial PSS. There was a significant reduction in stress levels from pre-study to post-study. There was a correlation between self-rating of improvement and final PSS scores. With one exception, stress levels at 20 weeks did not return to pre-study stress levels. CONCLUSION： This study supports the hypothesis that the calming effect of Reiki may be achieved through the use of self-Reiki.
