Dietary and Nutritional Value of Fish Oil,and Fermented Products

Present review article explains the dietary and nutritional value of various fish derived natural food products.Fish is a good source of important nutrients such as proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals.Fish oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)mainly omega-3 fatty acids,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and eicosanoids.Fish contains high-quality protein(~14-16 percent)and is consumed worldwide.This article also emphasizes therapeutic uses of fish nutrients and oil in healing of wounds,hyper pigmentation,dermatitis,and in cardiovascular risks.Fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)are highly beneficial in cardiovascular problems and dermatitis.Fish oil is good for skin-related diseases such as photo-ageing and melanogenesis These also affect anticancer,wound healing and anti-depressant activity.In the present review various local,national,and international processed fish derived food currently available in the market fish dishes have been mentioned.

Mechanisms navigating the TGF-βpathway in prostate cancer

Few pharmacotherapies are currently available to treat castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC),with low impact on patient survival.Transforming growth factor-b(TGF-b)is a multi-functional peptide with opposite roles in prostate tumorigenesis as an inhibitor in normal growth and early stage disease and a promoter in advanced prostate cancer.Dysregulated TGF-b signaling leads to a cascade of events contributing to oncogenesis,including upregulated proliferation,decreased apoptosis,epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and evasion of immune surveillance.TGF-b signaling pathway presents an appropriate venue for establishing a therapeutic targeting platform in CRPC.Exploitation of TGF-b effectors and their cross talk with the androgen axis pathway will provide new insights into mechanisms of resistance of the current antiandrogen therapeutic strategies and lead to generation of new effective treatment modalities for CRPC.Points of functional convergence of TGF-b with key oncogenic pathways,including mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and androgen receptor(AR),are discussed as navigated within the EMT landscape in the tumor microenvironment.In this context the emerging anti-TGF-b pharmacotherapies for prostate cancer treatment are considered.Targeting the functional cross-talk between the TGF-b signaling effectors with the androgen axis supports the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating CRPC with high specificity and efficacy in a personalized-medicine approach.

“Ganoderma lucidum sensu lato”-a sacred mushroom for immortality

Ganoderma lucidum sensu lato,is an ancient Chinese mushroom commonly known as“Reishi”or“Linghzi”which has been used for nutritional and therapeutic purposes.Reishi is a basidiomycete widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions.Among 2000 classes of Reishi,only 6 types are commonly presented to be effective for therapeutic purpose.These 6 types were known as black,red,blue,yellow,white and purple,respectively.Main constituents of Reishi are Polysaccharides,Triterpenoids,Sterols and Proteins.Reishi has been clinically used as immune system modulator,antiviral,cytotoxic agent,antibacterial,hepatoprotective,anti-inflammatory and also in the treatment of neurological disorders.The wide clinical scope of Reishi has influenced to name it in English with the nickname of“the mushroom of immortality”.

Nutritional, health benefits and toxicity of underutilized garden cress seeds and its functional food products: a review

Garden cress seed is a potential source of macro and micronutrients including essential fatty acids and amino acids as well as minerals such as iron, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. The seed also provides appreciable amount of health-protective bioactive compounds used to treat diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, bone fracture, asthma, constipation and some forms of cancer. Besides,, it is used to develop functional foods of therapeutic value in food manufacturing industries and traditional food preparations. Even though, it is known for its superior health benefits, provision of essential nutrients, and wider application in functional food development it is among the most underutilized crop in the world. Additionally, majority of studies conducted on garden cress seeds are mainly animal trials and hence needs to conduct studies on human. Therefore, the aim of this review paper is to provide up to date research evidence on the nutrient composition and therapeutic use of underutilized garden cress seeds and its functional food products, promising for the prevention of non-communicable and communicable diseases.