On-line Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Network System for Rotating Machine Set

Several industrial computers and a server are combined to set up the on-line monitoring and diagnostic system of turbo-generator sets. The main function of the system is to monitor machine sets' running condition. Through analyzing running data, technicians can detect whether there exist faults and where they occur. To share and transmit the dynamic information of the turbo-generator sets, a distributed network system is introduced. NetWare network operating system is used in the LAN (Local Area Network) system. The LAN is extended to realize the sharing of data and remote transmission of information. Furthermore, functions of monitoring and diagnostic clients are listed.

On-line Failure Diagnostics for Steam Turbine Hydraulic Governing System

This paper presents an on-line failure diagnostic method for steam turbine hydraulic governing system. This method uses the estimated values of friction on sliding valves to calculuate the corresponding dead band. Under load rejection, the steam turbine's additional overspeed caused by these dead bands are studied through computer simulation. This on-line detection of dead bands can realize the failure detection of blockage fault of sliding valves.

Enthalpy Probe Technique for Thermal Plasma Diagnostics

The measuring principle and experimental results of the enthalpy probe technique for thermal plasma diagnostics are presented. Its calibration and errors are discussed. Typical results are presented for the system operation in an Ar/H2(5 % H2) plasma arc jet under a reactor chamber pressure of 101.3 kPa. The plasma temperature and velocity profiles are measured. The center temperature and velocity are 6600 K and 850 m/s for plasma power 9 kW at axial location of 17 mm.

In situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Diagnostic for Characterization and Performance Test of Catalysts

The present work establishes a systematic approach based on the application of in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） for the investigation of the crystal structure, thermal stability, redox behavior （temperature-programmed reduction/temperatureprogrammed re-oxidation） as well as the catalytic properties of Co3O4 thin films. The syntheses of Co3O4 were achieved by chemical vapor deposition in the temperature range of 400-500℃. The structure analysis of the as-prepared material revealed the presence of two prominent IR bands peaking at 544 cm-1 （υ1） and 650 cm-1 （υ2） respectively, which originate from the stretching vibrations of the Co-O bond, characteristic of the Co3O4 spinel. The lattice stability limit of Co3O4 was estimated to be above 650℃. The redox properties of the spinel structure were determined by integrating the area under the emission bands υ1 and υ2 as a function of the temperature. Moreover, Co3O4 has been successfully tested as a catalyst towards complete oxidation of dimethyl ether below 340 ℃. The exhaust gas analysis during the catalytic process by in situ absorption FTIR revealed that only CO2 and H2O were detected as the final products in the catalytic reaction. The redox behavior suggests that the oxidation of dimethyl ether over Co3O4 follows a Mars-van Krevelen type mechanism. The comprehensive application of in situ FTIR provides a novel diagnostic tool in characterization and performance test of catalysts.

On-Line Partial Discharge Monitoring and Diagnostic System for Power Transformer

This paper introduces a computerized on-line partial discharge （PD） monitoring and diagnostic system for transformers. The system, which is already in use in a power station, uses wide-band active transducers and a data acquisition unit with modularized and exchangeable components. The system software is a power equipment monitoring and diagnostic system, which is based on the component object model, and was developed for monitoring multiple parameters in multiple power supply systems. The statistical characteristics of PDs in power transformers were studied using 7 experimental models for simulating PDs in transformers and 3 models for simulating interfering discharges in air. The discharge features were analyzed using a 3-D pattern chart with a three-layer back-propagation artificial neural network used to recognize the patterns. The results show that PDs in air and oil can be distinguished. The model can be used for interference rejection on-line monitoring of partial discharge in transformers.

On-line beam diagnostics based on single-shot beam splitting phase retrieval

We propose a novel on-line beam diagnostic method based on single-shot beam splitting phase retrieval. The incident beam to be measured is diffracted into many replicas by a Dammann grating and then propagates through a weakly scattering phase plate with a known structure; the exiting beams propagate along their original direction and form an array of diffraction patterns on the detector plane. By applying the intensity of diffraction patterns into an iterative algorithm and calculating between the grating plane, weakly scattering plane, and detector plane, the complex field of the incident beam can be reconstructed rapidly; the feasibility of this method is verified experimentally with wavelengths of 1053 and 632.8 nm.

Research on the Estimation Model of Soil Moisture Content Based on the Characteristics of Thermal Infrared Data

With the portable Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), the reflectance spectra of soil samples with different moisture content are measured in laboratory for expounding the characteristic of radiation in the thermal infrared part of the spectrum with different soil moisture content. A model of estimating the moisture content in soil is attempted to make based on Moisture Diagnostic Index (MDI). In general,the spectral characteristic of soil emissivity in laboratory includes the following aspects.Firstly,in the region of 8.0-9.5 μm,along with the increase of soil moisture content,the emissivity of soil increases to varying degrees. The spectral curves are parallel relatively and have a tendency to become horizontal and the absorbed characteristic of reststrahlen is also weakened relatively with the increase of soil moisture in this region.Secondly,in the region of 11.0-14.0 μm,the emissivity of soil has a tendency of increasing.There is an absorption value near about 12.7 μm. As the soil moisture content increases,the depth of absorption also increases. This phenomenon may be caused by soil moisture absorption. Methods as derivative, difference and standardized ratio transformation may weaken the background noise effectively to the spectrum data. Especially using the ratio of the emissivity to the average of 8-14 μm may obviously enhance the correlation between soil moisture and soil emissivity. According to the result of correlation analysis, the 8.237 μm is regarded as the best detecting band for soil moisture content. Moreover,based on the Moisture Diagnostic Index ( MDI) in the 8.194-8.279 μm, the logarithmic model of estimating soil moisture is made.

学龄前儿童阳虚体质红外热成像特征研究

目的利用红外热成像技术,以学龄前儿童为研究对象,通过比较阳虚体质与正常体质儿童红外热成像特征差异,提出一种可借鉴的用于学龄前儿童“阳虚体质”诊断的新方法以减少原有体质辨识方法可能造成的误差。方法对郑州市部分幼儿园学龄前儿童进行体质辨识,筛选出150例阳虚体儿童和150例健康体儿童分两组进行红外热成像检测,选取体表部分部位及穴位作为观测区域,对两组体表相对温度进行统计描述,分析差异,总结郑州市学龄前儿童阳虚体质红外热成像的特征并分析成因。结果学龄前儿童阳虚体质红外热成像特点是:上焦、中焦、下焦、左胸膺、右胸膺、胃脘、左腰区、右腰区、脊柱区、脾俞穴、肾俞穴、左手掌心、右手掌心、左面颊、右面颊共15个区域及穴位相对温度与健康体质组的学龄前儿童比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);上焦、中焦、左胸膺、右胸膺、胃脘、脊柱区、脾俞穴、下焦、左腰区、右腰区、肾俞穴、左手掌心共12个区域及穴位与阳虚体质转化分存在相关性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中阳虚体质转化分与上焦、中焦、左胸膺、右胸膺、胃脘、脊柱区、脾俞穴相对温度呈正相关,与下焦、左腰区、右腰区、肾俞穴、左手掌心相对温度呈负相关。结论与健康体质状态儿童相比,学龄前儿童阳虚体质红外热成像具有显著特征,可为儿童体质辨识相关研究增加客观性与准确性。

火电厂汽轮机振动故障和诊断技术研究

作为火电厂正常发电的重要设备,汽轮机长时间运行可能会引发关键部位磨损,进而造成故障问题。振动故障的发生频率相对较高,且容易对设备稳定性造成影响,应及时进行故障排查。基于此,以某火电厂为例,对汽轮机进行振动故障诊断,分别从油膜振荡故障、动静摩擦振动、转子故障振动和汽流激振故障等角度出发分析故障状态,探究诊断振动故障的技术举措,以期提高汽轮机维修效率,保障生产安全。

红外、可见光诊断技术在北京法海寺壁画中的应用及其保护修复材料研究

通过利用红外热像法和可见光诊断技术获取了北京法海寺大雄宝殿壁画的开裂病害信息,同时研究了针对古建筑壁画开裂病害的地仗层加固修复材料技术。结果表明:在壁画地仗层优化配合比研究中,随着红黏土掺量的增加,拉伸粘结强度和抗压强度均呈上升趋势;龄期90d时,加麻刀纤维的试块拉伸粘结强度达到13.26×10^(-2)MPa,抗压强度达到2.14MPa,加玻璃纤维的试块拉伸粘结强度达到11.15×10^(-2)MPa,抗压强度达到1.93MPa。通过研究壁画地仗层保护修缮材料的优化配比,为法海寺壁画的科学预防性保护修缮提供依据和支撑。

一种灰污热流探针的研制及应用

热流是表征热系统换热效率的一个重要参数,是灰污在线监测中的一个重要物理量。为此,该文基于傅立叶导热定律,设计了一种既能在灰污状态下动态监测热流变化,又能获得不同燃料初始沉积物沉积特性、沉积机理及相对沾污结渣趋势的探针,该探针能准确模拟水冷壁、过热器等受热面的灰沉积过程。通过对新汶两种煤浆的对比燃烧试验,证明了其可行性,从而为研究灰沉积行为、沉积物特性及沾污结渣机理提供一种新的、有效的手段。完全可用于工程实际、中试及实验室研究。

应用ω方程对爆发性气旋与非爆发性气旋的诊断对比分析

对发生在北太平洋西部中高纬度海洋上的两个爆发性气旋和一个非爆发性气旋进行了非地转ω方程诊断分析.认为强的温度平流、涡度平流、位涡平流和凝结潜热释放是使气旋爆发性发展的主要因子,爆发性气旋发展过程是一特殊的斜压过程,存在着某种自我激发的机制.非爆发性气旋不但其发展因子(如涡度平流、温度平流、位涡平流、潜热释放等)在量的方面较爆发性气旋要小,自我激发性机制表现得也不明显.爆发性气旋与非爆发性气旋的发展,不但强度上存在量的差异,而且其发展机制也存在质的差异.

应用非致冷镜头的红外热成像仪对76例正常人阳虚质的评价研究

目的：探讨非致冷镜头的红外热成像仪扫描下阳虚体质的评价部位。方法：募集22～71岁健康人共80例，根据中医体质调查表筛选出平和体质及阳虚体质的健康人76例纳入本研究，分为健康平和质组（30例）和健康阳虚质组（46例）。运用HIR-2000型红外热像诊断系统，对每位受试者行全身扫描并采集图像，完成每例受试者全身共计47个区位热值的测量，所有数据在SPSS 19.0软件下进行分析。结果：2组受试者年龄分布差异无统计学意义；健康平和质组与健康阳虚质组红外热成像热值表现特点如下：47个区位中，前额和面部为热值最高的2个区位，头后位上部和头后位中部为热值最低的2个区位。健康平和质组较健康阳虚质组在示指、中指、无名指、股前区、膝部、小腿前区、股后区、小腿后区等8个区位热值更高（P＜0.05）；其中，股后区、小腿后区热值偏高更明显（P＜0.01）。结论：①示指、中指、无名指和下肢是应用非致冷镜头的红外热像诊断系统判定阳虚的敏感区位。②无论何种致冷方式的红外热成像仪对膝部、股后区与小腿后区热值差异的研究具有可重复性。③冬季仅行下肢部扫描即可进行阳虚评价。

影像学评估肝癌消融边界的研究进展

消融边界是肝癌消融术后局部肿瘤进展的独立影响因素,准确评估消融边界尤为重要。本文对消融边界评估方式及其研究进展进行综述。

淮河流域一次梅雨锋暴雨的中尺度动力特征分析

针对2007年7月8日发生在苏皖淮河流域的暴雨,采用WRF中尺度数值模式模拟结果、FNL每日4次1°*1°再分析资料、6h地面实况观测降水资料和FY-2相当黑体亮温TBB资料对该次降水的发生、发展过程进行了分析研究。结果表明:(1)该次降水在有利的大气环流形势下,强降水发生在呈准东西向分布的梅雨锋上。位于蒙古国与我国华北—东北交界处上空的切断低压给淮河流域输入了冷空气。冷空气与西南低空急流带来的暖湿气流交汇,增强了大气斜压性;(2)正的非热成风涡度的发展促进了高层相对于低层的辐散减压,有利于垂直上升运动的发展;(3)低空强急流带所形成的动力、热力和水汽条件对暴雨落区位置产生了重要影响。

热分层对HCCI燃烧过程的影响

在一台经改装的单缸光学发动机上进行不同热分层下均质压燃燃烧过程实验研究.保证每循环供油量一定,燃料为正庚烷,转速为600.r/min,进气压力为0.1.MPa,进气温度分别为95.℃和125.℃;循环冷却水温度分别为55.℃、65.℃和85.℃.研究结果表明,冷却水温度和进气温度的变化,改变了缸内温度分布,对HCCI这种受控于化学反应动力学的燃烧过程有很大影响,引起微弱自燃着火、局部燃烧淬熄和相对均匀燃烧等不同燃烧过程;缸内热分层越大,自燃着火传播速度越慢,燃烧的不均匀性越大;增大缸内热分层,可以降低燃烧反应速率,具有拓宽HCCI运转工况范围的潜力.

红外热像仪诊断腰椎盘突出症患者刺激区的临床价值

目的探讨红外热像仪对腰椎盘突出症患者刺激区的临床诊断价值。方法以宝鸡市妇幼保健院普外科2012年1月至2015年10月收治的60例腰椎间盘突出症患者作为观察组,选择同期60例健康体检人员为对照组,均知情同意行红外热像检查,观察比较两组受检者的红外热像图结果,并比较红外热成像结果与影像学、体征、自诉疼痛结果的相符率。结果观察组患者的小腿前外侧温差、小腿后外侧温差分别为(1.19±0.10)℃、(1.22±0.07)℃,均明显大于对照组的(0.22±0.07)℃、(0.24±0.06)℃,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的热像图异常表达区域与影像学检查、患者自诉疼痛区域相符率均为100.0%,明显高于与体征相符的91.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论红外热像仪对腰椎间盘突出症病变、疼痛部位、范围等可客观反映,可作为腰椎间盘突出症临床诊断重要辅助手段。

热成像与软测量技术的研究

体表温度的特异性反映了人体组织状态的改变,由体表温度检测和预测人体状态的变化是医学热诊断技术的目的所在,如何利用热像图进行疾病的早期诊断是医学和生物工程领域共同关心的问题,利用工程领域的软测量技术是一个很好的解决途径。

用于人体组织病变诊断的动态热图成像系统

本文给出了一种通过对人体体表进行加热或降温后采用平面阵列式温度传感器对体表动态响应温度实施成像的方法，基于该方法设计了一种精度高、响应速度快、结构简单、成本低廉且操作十分简便的人体病变热诊断系统。初步的实验研究结果表明该系统具有潜在的临床应用前景。

南疆西部暴雨的动力热力特征分析

采用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,对2012年南疆西部3次暴雨过程中的锋生函数和湿位涡特征的对比,分析南疆西部降水的动力、热力条件与降水的关系,结果表明:锋生函数和湿位涡与南疆西部的降水有很好的对应关系,并能较好地反映降水的动力、热力机制。西部翻山的和东部"东灌"冷空气与南疆盆地的暖空气冷暖交汇,形成锋生。低层锋生达6×10^(-9) K·s^(-1)·m^(-1)以上时,低层辐合叠加地形强迫提供动力作用,触发降水。锋生的强度与降水强度成正比。低层辐合,暖气团被抬升,中层锋生强度达4×10^(-9) K·s^(-1)·m^(-1)以上时,冷暖交汇的热力作用和水汽凝结,使降水维持,形成暴雨。暴雨时有>3 PVU的正湿位涡叠加于负湿位涡之上,低层负湿位涡<-3.0 PVU时易出现短时强降水。垂直分布上前倾结构形成对流性降水,后倾结构形成持续性降水。