Impact of thoracic paravertebral block and sufentanil on outcomes and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery

BACKGROUND Postoperative pain management and cognitive function preservation are crucial for patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer(LC).This is achieved using either a thoracic paravertebral block(TPVB)or sufentanil(SUF)-based multimodal analgesia.However,the efficacy and impact of their combined use on postoperative pain and postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)remain unclear.AIM To explore the analgesic effect and the influence on POCD of TPVB combined with SUF-based multimodal analgesia in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for LC to help optimize postoperative pain management and improve patient outcomes.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 107 patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for LC at The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital between May 2021 and January 2023.Patients receiving SUF-based multimodal analgesia(n=50)and patients receiving TPVB+SUF-based multimodal analgesia(n=57)were assigned to the control group and TPVB group,respectively.We compared the Ramsay Sedation Scale and visual analog scale(VAS)scores at rest and with cough between the two groups at 2,12,and 24 h after surgery.Serum levels of epinephrine(E),angio-tensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),norepinephrine(NE),superoxide dismutase(SOD),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and S-100 calcium-binding proteinβ(S-100β)were measured before and 24 h after surgery.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was administered 1 day before surgery and at 3 and 5 days after surgery,and the occurrence of POCD was monitored for 5 days after surgery.Adverse reactions were also recorded.RESULTS There were no significant time point,between-group,and interaction effects in Ramsay sedation scores between the two groups(P>0.05).Significantly,there were notable time point effects,between-group differences,and interaction effects observed in VAS scores both at rest and with cough(P<0.05).The VAS scores at rest and with cough at 12 and 24 h after surgery were lower than those at 2 h after surgery and gradually decreased as postoperative time increased(P<0.05).The TPVB group had lower VAS scores than the control group at 2,12,and 24 h after surgery(P<0.05).The MMSE scores at postoperative days 1 and 3 were markedly higher in the TPVB group than in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of POCD was significantly lower in the TPVB group than in the control group within 5 days after surgery(P<0.05).Both groups had elevated serum E,Ang Ⅱ,and NE and decreased serum SOD levels at 24 h after surgery compared with the preoperative levels,with better indices in the TPVB group(P<0.05).Marked elevations in serum levels of VEGF,TGF-β1,TNF-α,and S-100β were observed in both groups at 24 h after surgery,with lower levels in the TPVB group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TPVB combined with SUF-based multimodal analgesia further relieves pain in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical surgery for LC,enhances analgesic effects,reduces postoperative stress response,and inhibits postoperative increases in serum VEGF,TGF-β1,TNF-α,and S-100β levels.This scheme also reduced POCD and had a high safety profile.

The Application of Forward Control Nursing in Anesthesia, Recovery, and Rehabilitation of Thoracoscopic Lung Cancer Radical Surgery

Objective: To explore the clinical application effect of formulating the operating room nursing work procedure sheet for elderly lung cancer patients in thoracoscopic radical surgery. Methods: A total of 85 elderly patients with lung cancer treated in our hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were included as the study population for this research. They were divided into a study group of 42 cases and a regular group of 43 cases. The regular group of elderly patients received routine nursing care, while the study group of elderly patients was provided with the operating room nursing care work procedure sheet. The surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, time to mobilization, and postoperative complication rate were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Compared to the regular group, the study group had significantly shorter surgical duration and time to mobilization, as well as less intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative complications in the study group (4.76%) was significantly lower than that in the regular group (19.05%) (P Conclusion: Formulating the operating room nursing work procedure sheet for elderly lung cancer patients can effectively improve surgical efficiency, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and promote patient prognosis in thoracoscopic radical surgery. Therefore, this model is worth promoting and adopting in clinical practice.

Clinical Practice of Evidence-Based PDCA Cycle Management Model in Accelerated Recovery of Lung Cancer Patients

Objective: To explore the nursing effect of evidence-based PDCA cycle management mode in accelerated rehabilitation of patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer radical surgery. Methods: 104 patients who underwent thoracoscopic lung cancer radical surgery in our hospital from June 2022 to February 2023 were randomly divided into control group and intervention group, with 52 cases in each group. The control group implemented evidence-based ERAS clinical pathway management, while the intervention group implemented evidence-based PDCA cycle quality management. The postoperative recovery of the two groups of patients was compared. Results: The postoperative recovery of the intervention group was significantly better than that of the control group. The first time to get out of bed, the first time to eat, the duration of chest drainage tube placement, and the length of hospital stay were significantly shorter than those of the control group. The incidence of postoperative chest complications and hospitalization costs were significantly lower than those of the control group, and patient satisfaction was significantly higher than that of the control group (P Conclusion: Evidence-based PDCA cycle quality management mode can effectively improve the implementation quality of accelerated rehabilitation nursing for patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer radical surgery, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Effects of different chemotherapy regimens before radical operation for lung cancer on cancer cell growth and anti-tumor immune response

Objective:To investigate the effects of different chemotherapy regimens before radical operation for lung cancer on cancer cell growth and antitumor immune response.Methods: A total of 180 patients with primary lung cancer who underwent surgery in this hospital between February 2013 and August 2017 were divided into the cisplatin group (n=93) who received cisplatin & paclitaxel chemotherapy and the lobaplatin group (n=87) who received lobaplatin & paclitaxel chemotherapy according to different preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens. The differences among the expression of proliferation genes and apoptosis genes in tumor tissues as well as the contents of Th1/Th2 cytokines in serum were compared between the two groups.Results: Proliferation genes DDX17, GPx1, MACC1, RACK1 and SIRT1 mRNA expression levels in tumor tissue of lobaplatin group were lower than those of cisplatin group whereas LRRC3B mRNA expression level was higher than that of cisplatin group;apoptosis gene Fas, FasL and Caspase-3 mRNA expression levels were higher than those of cisplatin group whereas Survivin and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels were lower than those of cisplatin group;serum Th1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12 contents were higher than those of cisplatin group whereas Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-10 contents were lower than those of cisplatin group.Conclusion: Lobaplatin chemotherapy before radical operation for lung cancer is more effective than cisplatin chemotherapy to inhibit the proliferation activity and enhance the apoptosis activity of lung cancer cells and optimize the anti-tumor immune response.

Effect of the adaptive intermittent ventilation before radical operation for lung cancer under one-lung ventilation on the non-ventilated lung tissue injury and apoptosis molecule protein expression

Objective: To study the effect of the adaptive intermittent ventilation before radical operation for lung cancer under one-lung ventilation on non-ventilated lung tissue injury and apoptosis molecule protein expression. Methods: A total of 288 patients who received radical operation for lung cancer in the hospital between February 2015 and January 2017 were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, each with 144 cases. Control group received routine one-lung ventilation, and observation group received preoperative adaptive intermittent ventilation of non-ventilated lung tissue. The differences in the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes in serum as well as the apoptosis molecule protein expression in affected-side normal lung tissue were compared between the two groups of patients immediately after intubation and at two-lung ventilation (T0) as well as 10 min before operation ended and at one-lung ventilation (T1). Results: At T0, the differences in the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes in serum as well as the apoptosis molecule protein expression in affected-side normal lung tissue were not significantly significant between the two groups of patients;at T1, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, MPO and MDA levels in serum as well as Bax, caspase-2 and caspase-3 protein expression in normal lung tissue of observation group were lower than those of control group while SOD level in serum and Bcl-2 protein expression in normal lung tissue were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Adaptive intermittent ventilation before radical operation for lung cancer under one-lung ventilation can effectively reduce the non-ventilated lung tissue injury and inhibit the apoptosis of normal lung cells.

The applied value of modified POSSUM score in evaluating lung cancer surgery’s risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the modified physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) scoring system and the relationship between predicted data and actual data of complication and surgical mortality of lung cancer radical surgery made by such score system. Methods: Retrospective analysis on the 86 cases of the clinical materials of patients with primary lung cancer radical surgery for thoracic surgery of line lung cancer in the 81st Hospital of PLA from October 2010 to October 2011 and using the POSSUM scoring system to predict the cases of postoperative complication and death toll, then making a comparison with the actual cases. Results: The POSSUM scoring system predicting 29 cases of postoperative complications, but 32 cases of practical complications, the difference between them has no statistical significance (P﹥0.05), 8 cases of predicted postoperative deaths, 2 cases of practical deaths, by comparison, there was statistical significance (P﹤0.05). Conclusion: The modified POSSUM scoring system can be used to predict the postoperative complication of lung surgery patients, but sometimes overestimates the postoperative death cases.

Effect of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on postoperative immune function and inflammatory stress response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer surgery

Objective:To study the effect of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on postoperative immune function and inflammatory stress response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer surgery. Methods: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent radical operation for lung cancer in Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital between August 2014 and September 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the Dex group who received dexmedetomidine pretreatment combined with general anesthesia and the control group who received routine general anesthesia. The same day after surgery and 3 d after surgery, the peripheral blood was collected respectively to determine the contents of immune cells and the serum was collected respectively to determine the contents of inflammatory stress response indexes.Results:The same day after surgery and 3 d after surgery, CD3+CD4+T cell, CD3+CD8+T cell and CD16+CD56+NK cell contents in peripheral blood of Dex group were significantly higher than those of control group whereas CD11b+CD15+CD33+CD14-G-MDSC, CD11b+CD15-CD33+CD14+M-MDSC and CD4+CD25+CD127lowTreg contents in peripheral blood as well as TNF-α, SAA, CRP, IL-8, IL-10, Cor, Ins, NE, E and AT-II contents in serum were significantly lower than those of control group.Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine pretreatment can improve the immune function and inhibit the inflammatory stress response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer surgery.

胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果

目的探讨胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法根据麻醉方法的不同将65例胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者分为全麻组(n=31,单纯全身麻醉)和联合组(n=34,胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉)。比较两组患者的疼痛情况[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、术后24 h镇痛泵按压次数]、瑞芬太尼用量、苏醒进程指标、应激反应指标[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后2、6、12、24 h,联合组患者VAS评分均明显低于全麻组(P﹤0.01);联合组患者术后24 h镇痛泵按压次数明显少于全麻组(P﹤0.01)。联合组患者瑞芬太尼用量明显少于全麻组,苏醒时间和自主呼吸恢复时间均明显短于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。术后,两组患者NE、MDA水平均高于本组术前,SOD水平均低于本组术前,联合组患者NE、MDA水平均低于全麻组,SOD水平高于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。联合组患者术后并发症总发生率低于全麻组(P﹤0.05)。结论胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉应用于胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者,不仅能够减轻疼痛程度和应激反应程度,还能够减少阿片类药物用量,降低并发症发生率。

目标导向液体治疗在胸腔镜肺癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨目标导向液体治疗(GDFT)在胸腔镜肺癌根治术中的应用价值。方法94例行胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用GDFT,对照组采用常规液体治疗。比较两组患者围术期的血流动力学指标、术中肺通气功能指标、手术观察指标和认知功能。结果在单肺通气1 h和术毕即刻,观察组的平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、呼吸指数(RI)均明显低于对照组,而脑氧饱和度(rSO_(2))和氧合指数(OI)均明显高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。观察组胶体补液量、晶体补液量、尿量、补液总量均明显少于对照组,使用血管活性药物构成比低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。术后1 d时,观察组的智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分明显高于对照组,认知功能障碍发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在胸腔镜肺癌根治术中采用GDFT能够稳定血流动力学,控制容量负荷,减少血管活性药物的使用率,减轻肺通气功能损伤和降低认知功能障碍发生率。

信迪利单抗联合紫杉醇、顺铂化疗方案治疗后应用胸腔镜肺癌根治术的价值

目的探讨肺癌患者接受信迪利单抗联合紫杉醇、顺铂化疗方案治疗后采用胸腔镜肺癌根治术的价值。方法104例肺癌患者,以随机数字表法分成研究组(n=52)与对照组(n=52)。两组均接受信迪利单抗联合紫杉醇、顺铂化疗方案治疗,对照组采用开胸肺癌根治术治疗,研究组采用胸腔镜肺癌根治术治疗。比较两组围手术期指标(手术时间、留置引流管时间、住院时间、术中出血量、清扫淋巴结数),肺功能指标[肺活量(VC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最大通气量(MVV)],疼痛介质[P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)],应激反应[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)],炎症因子[白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-17],生命质量[生命质量测定量表(QLQ-C30)评分],并发症发生情况。结果与对照组的(145.13±1.57)min、(6.18±1.41)d、(16.57±1.68)d、(120.06±1.91)ml、(23.57±1.33)个比较,研究组手术时间(127.83±1.52)min、留置引流管时间(3.41±1.35)d、住院时间(12.57±1.51)d更短,术中出血量(108.92±1.65)ml更少,清扫淋巴结数(27.92±1.55)个更多(P<0.05)。两组术后7 d的VC、FEV1、MVV高于本组术前,研究组术后7 d的VC(2.72±0.58)L、FEV1(2.05±0.75)L、MVV(71.95±5.89)L/min高于对照组的(2.29±0.56)L、(1.76±0.61)L、(65.88±4.52)L/min(P<0.05)。两组术后7 d的SP、PGE2水平高于本组术前,研究组术后7 d的SP(7.78±1.34)μg/ml、PGE2(174.93±4.31)ng/L低于对照组的(9.45±1.56)μg/ml、(192.87±5.24)ng/L(P<0.05)。两组术后7 d的SOD、GSH-Px水平低于本组术前,研究组术后7 d的SOD(149.82±4.37)U/ml、GSH-Px(71.63±3.25)U/ml高于对照组的(112.54±4.12)、(58.71±3.71)U/ml(P<0.05)。两组术后1个月的IL-6、IL-17水平低于本组术前,研究组术后1个月的IL-6(6.52±0.86)pg/ml、IL-17(5.12±1.24)pg/ml低于对照组的(7.13±1.03)、(6.45±1.73)pg/ml(P<0.05)。两组术后1个月QLQ-C30评分高于本组术前,研究组术后1个月QLQ-C30评分(72.64±3.92)分高于对照组的(64.81±3.76)分(P<0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率为7.69%(4/52),低于对照组的25.00%(13/52)(P<0.05)。结论信迪利单抗联合紫杉醇、顺铂化疗方案治疗后应用胸腔镜肺癌根治术治疗肺癌患者,能够改善围手术期指标,促进其肺功能提高,减少疼痛介质分泌,降低应激反应及炎症因子水平,改善生命质量,减少术后并发症发生。

手术室全程优质护理模式在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中的应用效果及对并发症的影响

目的探究在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中应用手术室全程优质护理模式的效果及对并发症的影响。方法选取2021年6月~2023年6月于本院接受胸腔镜食管癌根治术治疗的患者88例,根据护理方案进行分组,对照组48例患者实施手术室常规护理方案,观察组40例患者实施手术室全程优质护理方案。比较两组的手术相关指标、应激指标、心理状态以及并发症发生情况。结果干预前两组患者各项指标之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组手术时间、术中出血量、拔管时间、住院时间、SAS、SDS评分、并发症总发生率均明显较对照组低(P<0.05);两组患者心率、舒张压、收缩压水平均有所升高,但观察组较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论在胸腔镜食管癌根治术中应用手术室全程优质护理模式,可明显改善EC患者的手术相关指标及心理状态,有效降低患者术后应激反应,显著减少并发症发生,值得临床推广。

单操作孔电视胸腔镜肺癌根治术治疗非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效观察

目的观察单操作孔电视胸腔镜(VATS)肺癌根治术对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)血管内皮生长因子受体2(VEGFR2)、胸苷激酶1(TK1)水平的影响。方法我院收治的245例NSCLC患者,按手术方式分为对照组(三孔胸腔镜肺癌根治术,n=115)和观察组(单操作孔VATS肺癌根治术,n=130),比较两组围术期指标、视觉模拟(VAS)评分、肺功能、炎性因子、肿瘤标志物、VEGFR2、TK1水平及并发症。结果观察组术中出血量较对照组少(P<0.05);术后,观察组VAS评分、炎性因子、肿瘤标志物和VEGFR2、TK1水平低于对照组,肺功能高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论单操作孔VATS肺癌根治术治疗NSCLC出血量少、疼痛轻,可改善肺功能,降低炎性因子、肿瘤标志物和VEGFR2、TK1水平,且不增加术后并发症,值得临床推广。

右美托咪定复合地塞米松肋间神经阻滞用于老年肺癌患者胸腔镜根治术后镇痛的效果分析

目的 分析右美托咪定复合地塞米松肋间神经阻滞在老年肺癌患者胸腔镜根治术后镇痛中的效果。方法 选取2020年12月—2023年6月在无锡市第五人民医院行胸腔镜根治术的82例老年肺癌患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组41例。对照组术毕给予地塞米松复合罗哌卡因肋间神经阻滞,研究组术毕给予右美托咪定复合地塞米松、罗哌卡因肋间神经阻滞。比较两组肋间神经阻滞及术后静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)用药情况,对比两组围手术期疼痛、认知功能、应激反应、炎症反应及麻醉相关药物不良反应情况。结果 研究组肋间神经阻滞镇痛持续时间长于对照组,术后48 h舒芬太尼消耗总量少于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组与对照组术后4、12、24和48 h的视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分比较,结果:(1)不同时间点VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=9.156,P=0.000);(2)研究组与对照组VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.851,P=0.000);(3)两组VAS评分变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(F=7.061,P=0.000)。研究组与对照组术前及术后24和48 h的简易精神状态检查(MMSE)量表评分比较,结果:(1)不同时间点MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.179,P=0.834);(2)研究组与对照组MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.151,P=0.859);(3)两组MMSE评分变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(F=0.309,P=0.724)。研究组与对照组术前及术后24、48 h的肾上腺素(Adr)、皮质醇(Cor)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点Adr、Cor比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.967和8.043,均P=0.000);(2)研究组与对照组Adr、Cor比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.123和7.691,均P=0.000);(3)两组Adr、Cor变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.003和7.961,均P=0.000)。研究组与对照组开始麻醉及术后24和48 h的肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α、)高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点TNF-α、HMGB1比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=8.236和8.417,均P=0.000);(2)研究组与对照组TNF-α、HMGB1比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=6.298和7.215,均P=0.000);(3)两组TNF-α、HMGB1变化趋势比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=7.035和7.152,均P=0.000)。两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 右美托咪定复合地塞米松肋间神经阻滞用于老年肺癌患者胸腔镜根治术后镇痛可延长肋间神经阻滞时间,减少术后舒芬太尼消耗量,并可减轻术后疼痛、应激反应及炎症反应,且安全性良好。

急性压力性损伤风险防控护理在行肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果

目的探究急性压力性损伤风险防控护理在行肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年1月南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院120例行肺癌根治术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各60例。对照组采取常规手术护理措施,观察组应用术中急性压力性损伤风险防控护理。比较两组手术相关指标变化及并发症。结果术毕时,两组气道压、平均脉压、心率、体温、乳酸、血氧饱和度高于术前即刻,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在行肺癌根治术患者中采用急性压力性损伤风险防控护理,可有效改善患者手术相关指标,降低并发症发生率,提高预后效果,值得临床推广采纳。

舒更葡糖钠对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后患者肌松恢复及凝血功能的影响

目的探讨舒更葡糖钠注射液对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后患者肌松恢复及凝血功能的影响。方法选取2020年2月至2022年1月在江苏大学附属镇江三院、常州市第七人民医院于全麻下行胸腔镜肺癌根治术的86例患者为研究对象。应用随机数字表法将患者分成A、B两组,每组各43例。两组麻醉诱导和术中全麻维持方案相同,使用肌松监测仪(TOF)监测肌松。手术结束后,TOF计数≥2时,A组静脉推注新斯的明(2 mg/kg)、阿托品(0.5 mg/kg)逆转肌松药,B组静脉推注舒更葡糖钠(2 mg/kg)。记录推注肌松拮抗药后5、15、30 min时肌松残余率。观察注射罗库溴铵后5 min(T0)、推注肌松拮抗药后5 min(T1)、15 min(T2)、30 min(T3)时血浆凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平。同时记录气管导管拔除时间及患者发生恶心、呕吐等情况。结果A组给予肌松拮抗药5、15 min后肌松残余率明显高于B组(100.00%vs 13.95%,65.12%vs 0.00%)(χ^(2)=64.939、41.517,P<0.01)。两组患者在相同时间点TT、APTT、PT、FIB指标差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。B组气管导管拔管时间[(3.8±1.1)min]短于A组[(13.9±4.3)min],差异有统计学意义(t=14.922,P<0.001);B组呼吸抑制发生率低于A组(0.00%vs 11.63%)(χ^(2)=5.309,P=0.021)。结论舒更葡糖钠注射液用于胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者,可快速拮抗罗库溴铵的肌松作用,降低肌松残余发生率,缩短气管导管拔管时间,利于患者术后康复。

竖脊肌平面阻滞对胸腔镜下老年肺癌根治术后谵妄及认知功能的影响

目的明确竖脊肌平面阻滞对胸腔镜下肺癌根治术老年患者术后谵妄和认知功能的影响。方法选取行胸腔镜下肺癌根治术的90例老年患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组、观察组,每组45例。对照组患者实施常规全身麻醉,观察组患者在全身麻醉前行竖脊肌平面阻滞。对2组患者不同时点的生命体征、阿片类药物用量、镇痛泵按压次数、切口疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、认知功能和术后谵妄情况进行比较。结果在麻醉结束时,观察组患者的平均动脉压(MAP)及心率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者手术过程中瑞芬太尼用量、围术期舒芬太尼用量和镇痛泵按压次数均显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。在术后6 h、12 h、24 h及48 h,观察组患者的切口疼痛VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后6 h及24 h的认知功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组术后6 h及24 h的谵妄发生率显著高于观察组(P<0.05)。结论竖脊肌平面阻滞可以显著缓解胸腔镜下肺癌根治术老年患者的围术期疼痛状况,减少阿片类药物用量,降低术后谵妄发生率,还可以改善患者术后认知功能,为降低术后精神类疾病发生率提供了一种新思路。

单孔胸腔镜肺癌根治术联合阶梯性镇痛干预在肺癌患者中的应用效果

目的探讨单孔胸腔镜肺癌根治术联合阶梯性镇痛干预在肺癌患者中的应用效果。方法将210例肺癌患者根据干预方式的不同分为常规组(n=100)和镇痛组(n=110),两组患者均行单孔胸腔镜肺癌根治术,常规组患者围手术期接受常规干预,镇痛组患者围手术期接受阶梯性镇痛干预。比较两组患者的术后指标、镇痛情况、肺功能指标[最大自主通气量(MVV)、用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))]、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、认知功能[简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)]及满意情况。结果镇痛组患者首次下床时间、引流管留置时间均明显短于常规组,镇痛药物使用率明显低于常规组,总满意率明显高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。干预后2天,两组患者FVC、MVV、FEV_(1)及VAS评分均低于本组干预前1天,MMSE评分高于本组干预前1天,镇痛组患者FVC、MVV、FEV_(1)及MMSE评分均高于常规组,VAS评分低于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论单孔胸腔镜肺癌根治术联合阶梯性镇痛干预可以促进肺癌患者术后恢复,有效减轻患者疼痛,改善患者认知状态及肺功能,提高患者的满意度。

前馈控制护理干预在机器人辅助胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者麻醉恢复管理中的应用

目的探讨前馈控制护理干预在机器人辅助胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者麻醉恢复管理中的应用。方法选取2021年12月至2022年5月山东省聊城市人民医院实施机器人辅助胸腔镜肺癌根治术的64例患者为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组和试验组,每组各32例。对照组患者给予常规护理措施,试验组患者在对照组的基础上采用前馈控制下的护理干预。比较两组患者的护士相关理论知识合格率、围手术期并发症发生情况、护理满意度、护理质量评分、恢复室停留时间、术前及出恢复室时的焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)及抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评分。结果试验组患者的护士相关理论知识合格率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患者的压力性损伤总发生率及液路问题、躁动、低体温发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患者的护理效果、护理专业性、护理操作、护理态度评分均显著高于对照组,恢复室停留时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。出恢复室时,试验组患者的SAS、SDS评分均显著低于本组术前及对照组(P<0.05)。结论前馈控制护理干预应用于机器人辅助胸腔镜肺癌患者麻醉恢复期管理,可有效降低围手术期并发症发生率,缩短麻醉恢复时间,提高护理满意度和护理质量评分,改善患者的术后早期焦虑和抑郁状况,值得临床应用推广。

加速康复外科理念在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者围术期的护理效果观察

目的观察加速康复外科理念在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者围术期的护理效果。方法选取我院2021年1月至2023年1月收治的180例胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者,随机分为两组。对照组行常规护理,实验组在对照组基础上采用加速康复外科理念护理,比较两组的护理效果。结果护理后,实验组SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组首次下床时间、首次进食时间、胸腔引流管留置时间、平均住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组并发症发生率为2.22%,低于对照组的16.67%(P<0.05)。结论加速康复外科理念护理可缓解胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者围术期负性情绪,缩短术后恢复时间及住院时间,降低并发症发生率。

胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在老年胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果

目的:观察胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在老年胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年5月至2022年5月该院收治的60例老年肺癌患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组各30例。两组均行胸腔镜肺癌根治术治疗,对照组采用全身麻醉,观察组在对照组基础上联合胸椎旁神经阻滞。比较两组不同时间(麻醉前、麻醉后15 min、术后5 min)血流动力学指标(平均动脉压、心率)水平、术后不同时间(术后2、6、12、24 h)疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、手术前后应激指标[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、皮质醇(Cor)、胰岛素(INS)]水平和不良反应发生率。结果:麻醉后15 min、术后5 min,两组平均动脉压、心率水平均低于麻醉前,但观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后2、6、12、24 h VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1、3 d,两组NE、E、Cor、INS水平均高于术前,但观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉应用于老年胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者可改善血流动力学指标水平,降低疼痛评分和应激指标水平,效果优于单纯全身麻醉。