Three-dimensional(3D)parametric measurements of individual gravels in the Gobi region using point cloud technique

Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou County,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gravels.The proposed workflow yields accurate calculations of relevant parameters for Gobi gravels,providing essential data support for subsequent studies on Gobi environments.

Ca_v3.3-mediated endochondral ossification in a three-dimensional bioprinted Gel MA hydrogel

The growth plate(GP)is a crucial tissue involved in skeleton development via endochondral ossification(EO).The bone organoid is a potential research model capable of simulating the physiological function,spatial structure,and intercellular communication of native GPs.However,mimicking the EO process remains a key challenge for bone organoid research.To simulate this orderly mineralization process,we designed an in vitro sh Ca_(v)3.3 ATDC5-loaded gelatin methacryloyl(Gel MA)hydrogel model and evaluated its bioprintability for future organoid construction.In this paper,we report the first demonstration that the T-type voltage-dependent calcium channel(T-VDCC)subtype Ca_(v)3.3 is dominantly expressed in chondrocytes and is negatively correlated with the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes during the EO process.Furthermore,Ca_(v)3.3 knockdown chondrocytes loaded with the Gel MA hydrogel successfully captured the EO process and provide a bioink capable of constructing layered and orderly mineralized GP organoids in the future.The results of this study could therefore provide a potential target for regulating the EO process and a novel strategy for simulating it in bone organoids.

Three-dimensional （3D） interconnected networks fabricated via in-situ growth of N-doped graphene/ carbon nanotubes on Co-containing carbon nanofibers for enhanced oxygen reduction

The strategy of combining highly conductive frameworks with abundant active sites is desirable in the preparation of alternative catalysts to commercial Pt/C for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）. In this study, N-doped graphene （NG） and carbon nanotubes （CNT） were grown in-situ on Co-containing carbon nanofibers （CNF） to form three-dimensional （3D） interconnected networks. The NG and CNT bound the interlaced CNF together, facilitating electron transfer and providing additional active sites. The 3D interconnected fiber networks exhibited excellent ORR catalytic behavior with an onset potential of 0.924 V （vs. reversible hydrogen electrode） and a higher current density than Pt/C beyond 0.720 V. In addition, the hybrid system exhibited superior stability and methanol tolerance to Pt/C in alkaline media. This method can be extended to the design of other 3D interconnected network architectures for energy storage and conversion applications.

3D打印技术在创伤性骨折中的应用

背景:3D打印技术可根据患者实际病情和治疗需求设计构建模型、手术导板和个性化植入体或固定物,在创伤性骨折修复中展示了巨大的应用前景。目的:综述3D打印技术在创伤性骨折中的应用。方法:检索Web of science、PubMed和中国知网数据库2020-2024年发表的创伤骨科领域3D打印技术应用的相关文献,英文检索词为“traumatic fracture,3D printing technology,digital model,surgical guide”,中文检索词为“创伤性骨折,3D打印技术,数字模型,手术导板”,经筛选和分析,最终纳入60篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①创伤性骨折是各种致伤因素导致的骨骼连续性中断和完整性破坏的骨折现象,以可靠方案提高复位愈合效果,已成为骨外科相关研究领域亟需解决的热点问题;②3D打印技术是以数字模型数据为基础的,运用粉末状金属或聚合物等可黏合成型材料以立体光刻、沉积建模和光聚合物喷射等形式制造满足需求三维实体的技术,在数字骨科生物医学领域应用广泛;③3D打印技术在疾病诊断、术前规划、重建骨折三维模型、定制骨科植入体、定制固定支具及假肢、手术导板制作和骨缺损修复等方面发挥了显著的优势,可根据患者实际病情和治疗需求设计构建模型、手术导板和个性化植入体或固定物,为创伤性骨折的治疗提供了新的思路。

激光技术在食品3D打印中的应用及发展趋势

随着食品3D打印技术的快速发展,各种辅助技术与其结合的创新应用越来越受关注。激光技术具有精确、高能量和快速实现材料成型等特点,与食品3D打印技术的个性化定制优势高度契合,两者的结合在食品加工领域展现出巨大的应用前景。本文在介绍食品3D打印技术和激光技术发展现状的基础上,着重阐述激光技术在食品3D打印中的应用,包括激光参数(如波长、功率、脉冲等)和工艺优势。同时,指出激光技术在食品3D打印应用中所面临的挑战,如激光照射下的食品安全、应用局限等问题。最后,对激光技术和食品3D打印技术深度融合的发展趋势进行总结与展望,指明未来发展方向,为激光技术在食品3D打印领域的创新应用提供理论参考。

3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板在开放楔形胫骨高位截骨中的应用

背景:3D打印个体化截骨导板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨治疗膝骨关节炎具有手术时间短、透视次数少、矫正精准度高等优点。但之前报道的截骨导板对周围软组织破坏严重、锁定钢板位置不当等问题依旧明显。目的:探究3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:收集20例确诊为膝骨关节炎的患者,按手术方法分为3D组和常规组,每组10例。3D组采用3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨手术,常规组进行常规开放楔形胫骨高位截骨手术。分析比较两组患者手术时间、透视次数、切口长度,术前和术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角、胫骨后倾角以及计划矫正角度与实际矫正角度的差值,术前和术后1,3,6个月膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分,另外记录并发症发生情况。结果与结论:①3D组患者的手术时间、透视次数少于常规组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.001);②两组患者的术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角均较术前增大,差异有显著性意义(P<0.001),而胫骨后倾角无明显改变;3D组术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角及胫骨后倾角与术前计划值分别相差(-0.22±0.72)°、(-0.20±0.73)°和(0.23±0.37)°,但差异均无显著性意义;3D组计划矫正度数与实际矫正度数的差值较常规组小,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);③两组患者术后膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分均逐步升高(P<0.001);3D组术后1,3个月的膝关节活动度及术后1个月的Lysholm评分优于常规组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后3个月的Lysholm评分、术后6个月的膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④两组患者均无并发症发生;⑤上述结果说明3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助和常规方法均有良好的临床疗效,但前者的手术时间更短,透视次数更少,术后膝关节功能恢复更快;并且3D打印个体化截骨导板可精准实现术前规划。

3D打印个性化正畸装置对单根牙垂直移动的三维有限元分析

背景:基于牙齿垂直移动原理,通过数字化设计结合3D打印制作个性化正畸装置,可使个性化正畸装置与单个切牙形成支抗系统。借助微种植体绝对支抗作用可对单根牙在三维方向上进行精准控制。目的:基于生物力学原理设计了牙位11、12、21、22压低移动与伸长移动的个性化正畸装置,通过三维有限元法分析个性化正畸装置的安全性与其对牙齿的移动作用。方法:应用Mimics、Geomagic Wrap、SolidWorks和Ansys Workbench软件分别建立了上颌前牙区(牙位11、12、21、22)牙槽骨-牙周膜-上颌切牙-个性化悬臂微种植体-连接板-个性化托槽的三维有限元模型,每个牙位分别设置个性化压低移动与伸长移动正畸装置,加载300 g拉力或推力,分析个性化正畸装置各部件应力水平,计算牙齿位移与牙周膜应力分布情况。结果与结论:①个性化压低移动正畸装置受到的最大等效应力为162.90 MPa,个性化伸长移动正畸装置受到的最大等效应力239.57 MPa,二者的最大等效应力均位于个性化托槽加力附件的垂直部分,个性化正畸装置各部件所受等效应力均在屈服强度内,均具有良好的安全性;②在个性化正畸装置作用下,牙齿初始位移呈现整体压低或伸长移动的趋势,垂直方向上的位移远远超过在水平方向和矢状方向上的位移;牙周膜根尖或颈部位置出现等效应力峰值,在根尖区牙周膜出现等效应力集中区域;③结果显示,个性化正畸装置可以使牙位11、12、21、22近似达到压低移动或伸长移动的目的,初步证实了个性化垂直移动正畸装置的有效性。

生物3D打印仿生支架促进肩袖损伤后的愈合

背景:大多数肩袖损伤发生于冈上肌腱,由于肌腱组织缺少血管以及肩袖复杂的解剖结构,临床治疗效果非常有限。组织工程技术和干细胞生物学的快速发展为提高肌腱修复质量带来了新的希望。目的:通过生物3D打印技术制备人脐带间充质干细胞/甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶复合支架,观察该支架修复肩袖损伤的效果。方法:(1)体外细胞实验:制备明胶微载体,将人脐带间充质干细胞接种于明胶微载体表面构建组织工程化干细胞。制备甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶水凝胶打印墨水,使用甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶水凝胶打印墨水重悬组织工程化干细胞,放入3D打印机的生物墨水容器中进行打印,蓝光照射固化5 min后即得人脐带间充质干细胞/甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶复合支架。通过死活染色、CCK-8实验检测支架内人脐带间充质干细胞的活性。(2)动物体内实验:采用随机区组设计方法将24只SD大鼠随机4组,每组6只:正常组不进行任何处理,肩袖损伤组、单纯支架组、细胞支架组建立冈上肌腱撕裂的肩袖损伤模型,单纯支架组、细胞支架组造模后分别将甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶支架、人脐带间充质干细胞/甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶复合支架植入肌腱损伤处。术后4周,分别进行大鼠行为学测试及肩袖冈上肌腱组织学病理组织形态观察。结果与结论:(1)体外细胞实验:死活染色结果显示,明胶微载体可减轻3D打印过程对人脐带间充质干细胞造成的损伤,随着培养时间的延长,支架内的人脐带间充质干细胞存活率升高;CCK-8实验结果显示,随着培养时间的延长,支架内的人脐带间充质干细胞活性无明显变化。(2)动物体内实验:行为学测试结果显示,相较于肩袖损伤组、单纯支架组,细胞支架组大鼠四肢运动功能明显改善;肩袖冈上肌腱苏木精-伊红与Masson染色结果显示,相较于肩袖损伤组、单纯支架组,细胞支架组肌纤维排列较规律,无明显的炎性细胞浸润,胶原容积百分比降低;免疫荧光染色结果显示,相较于肩袖损伤组、单纯支架组,细胞支架组肩袖冈上肌腱内白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α蛋白表达明显降低。(3)结果表明,生物3D打印的人脐带间充质干细胞/甲基丙烯酸酐化明胶复合支架可促进肩袖损伤组织修复再生。

The compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one alleviates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Previous studies have shown that the compound(E)-2-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one(D30),a pyromeconic acid derivative,possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,inhibits amyloid-β aggregation,and alleviates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment,similar to the phase Ⅲ clinical drug resveratrol.In this study,we established a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via intracerebroventricular injection of fibrillar amyloid-β to investigate the effect of D30 on fibrillar amyloid-β-induced neuropathology.Our results showed that D30 alleviated fibrillar amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment,promoted fibrillar amyloid-β clearance from the hippocampus and cortex,suppressed oxidative stress,and inhibited activation of microglia and astrocytes.D30 also reversed the fibrillar amyloid-β-induced loss of dendritic spines and synaptic protein expression.Notably,we demonstrated that exogenous fibrillar amyloid-βintroduced by intracerebroventricular injection greatly increased galectin-3 expression levels in the brain,and this increase was blocked by D30.Considering the role of D30 in clearing amyloid-β,inhibiting neuroinflammation,protecting synapses,and improving cognition,this study highlights the potential of galectin-3 as a promising treatment target for patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Laboratory observation of electron energy distribution near three-dimensional magnetic nulls

The acceleration of electrons near three-dimensional(3D)magnetic nulls is crucial to the energy conversion mechanism in the 3D magnetic reconnection process.To explore electron acceleration in a 3D magnetic null topology,we constructed a pair of 3D magnetic nulls in the PKU Plasma Test(PPT)device and observed acceleration of electrons near magnetic nulls.This study measured the plasma floating potential and ion density profiles around the 3D magnetic null.The potential wells near nulls may be related to the energy variations of electrons,so we measured the electron distribution functions(EDFs)at different spatial positions.The axial variation of EDF shows that the electrons deviate from the Maxwell distribution near magnetic nulls.With scanning probes that can directionally measure and theoretically analyze based on curve fitting,the variations of EDFs are linked to the changes of plasma potential under 3D magnetic null topology.The kinetic energy of electrons accelerated by the electric field is 6 eV(v_(e)~7v_(Alfvén-e))and the scale of the region where accelerating electrons exist is in the order of serval electron skin depths.

Innovation leading development:a glimpse into three-dimensional bioprinting in Israel

Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical printing.It has also been employed in various advanced industrial areas.The development of intelligent biomedical engineering has raised the requirements for 3D printing,such as flexible manufacturing processes and technologies,biocompatible constituents,and alternative bioproducts.However,state-of-the-art 3D printing mainly involves inorganics or polymers and generally focuses on traditional industrial fields,thus severely limiting applications demanding biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this regard,peptide architectonics,which are self-assembled by programmed amino acid sequences that can be flexibly functionalized,have shown promising potential as bioinspired inks for 3D printing.Therefore,the combination of 3D printing and peptide self-assembly poten-tially opens up an alternative avenue of 3D bioprinting for diverse advanced applications.Israel,a small but innovative nation,has significantly contributed to 3D bioprinting in terms of scientific studies,marketization,and peptide architectonics,including modulations and applications,and ranks as a leading area in the 3D bioprinting field.This review summarizes the recent progress in 3D bioprinting in Israel,focusing on scientific studies on printable components,soft devices,and tissue engineering.This paper further delves into the manufacture of industrial products,such as artificial meats and bioinspired supramolecular architectures,and the mechanisms,physicochemical properties,and applications of peptide self-assembly.Undoubtedly,Israel contributes significantly to the field of 3D bioprinting and should thus be appropriately recognized.

Cortico-striatal gamma oscillations are modulated by dopamine D3 receptors in dyskinetic rats

Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Gamma oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural electrical activity in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Currently,studies have reported increased oscillation power in cases of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.However,little is known about how the other electrophysiological parameters of gamma oscillations are altered in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Furthermore,the role of the dopamine D3 receptor,which is implicated in levodopa-induced dyskinesia,in movement disorder-related changes in neural oscillations is unclear.We found that the cortico-striatal functional connectivity of beta oscillations was enhanced in a model of Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,levodopa application enhanced cortical gamma oscillations in cortico-striatal projections and cortical gamma aperiodic components,as well as bidirectional primary motor cortex(M1)↔dorsolateral striatum gamma flow.Administration of PD128907(a selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist)induced dyskinesia and excessive gamma oscillations with a bidirectional M1↔dorsolateral striatum flow.However,administration of PG01037(a selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist)attenuated dyskinesia,suppressed gamma oscillations and cortical gamma aperiodic components,and decreased gamma causality in the M1→dorsolateral striatum direction.These findings suggest that the dopamine D3 receptor plays a role in dyskinesia-related oscillatory activity,and that it has potential as a therapeutic target for levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

3D打印技术在口腔医学、颌面外科修复重建中的作用与优势

背景:3D打印技术独特的优势为口腔医学的发展开拓了新的思路。目的:总结3D打印技术在口腔医学中的应用进展。方法:利用计算机检索中国知网和PubMed数据库,以“3D打印,口腔科学”为中文检索词进行分类检索,以“Three-Dimensional printing,stomatology,Dentistry,prosthodontics,oral implant,orthodontics,oral and maxillofacial surgery,dental pulp disease,periodontitis”为英文检索词进行关键词检索,经阅读初步排除与文章主题不相符的文献,根据纳入标准和排除标准,最终纳入54篇文献进行汇总。结果与结论:在口腔医学领域,3D打印技术的应用范围正迅速拓展,逐步取代传统的临床诊断和治疗方式,通过结合数字化技术和先进的材料科学,3D打印可以精确地创建三维模型,为口腔疾病治疗提供了个性化解决方案,确保医师能够在手术前进行详尽的规划和预览,提高手术的安全性。3D打印技术在定制化义齿制作、个性化种植、无托槽隐形矫治等多方面呈现出了显著优势,基于此项技术,医师可以根据患者口腔结构和需求实行精准设计与制作,为患者带来良好的治疗体验和预后效果。3D打印技术在微创牙髓治疗及牙周组织再生方面也展现出了巨大潜力,3D打印的支架和植入物可为干细胞提供适宜环境,促进牙周组织的再生和修复,但目前3D打印在再生治疗仍处于发展阶段,还需更多的研究和实践来验证其临床应用的效果和安全性。

Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall intensity.However,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further investigation.To address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding soil.Three series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall duration.Four rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the slope.The computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return period.The extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

Three-dimensional stability calculation method for high and large composite slopes formed by mining stope and inner dump in adjacent open pits

The 2D limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis.However,with the advancement of dump engineering,composite slopes often exhibit significant 3D mechanical effects.Consequently,it is of significant importance to develop an effective 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes to enhance the design and stability control of open-pit slope engineering.Using the composite slope formed by the mining stope and inner dump in Baiyinhua No.1 and No.2 open-pit coal mine as a case study,this research investigates the failure mode of composite slopes and establishes spatial shape equations for the sliding mass.By integrating the shear resistance and sliding force of each row of microstrip columns onto the bottom surface of the strip corresponding to the main sliding surface,a novel 2D equivalent physical and mechanical parameters analysis method for the strips on the main sliding surface of 3D sliding masses is proposed.Subsequently,a comprehensive 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes is developed,and the quantitative relationship between the coordinated development distance and its 3D stability coefficients is examined.The analysis reveals that the failure mode of the composite slope is characterized by cutting-bedding sliding,with the arc serving as the side interface and the weak layer as the bottom interface,while the destabilization mechanism primarily involves shear failure.The spatial form equation of the sliding mass comprises an ellipsoid and weak plane equation.The analysis revealed that when the coordinated development distance is 1500 m,the error rate between the 3D stability calculation result and the 2D stability calculation result of the composite slope is less than 8%,thereby verifying the proposed analytical method of equivalent physical and mechanical parameters and the 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes.Furthermore,the3D stability coefficient of the composite slope exhibits an exponential correlation with the coordinated development distance,with the coefficient gradually decreasing as the coordinated development distance increases.These findings provide a theoretical guideline for designing similar slope shape parameters and conducting stability analysis.

Numerical three-dimensional modeling of earthen dam piping failure

A physically-based numerical three-dimensional earthen dam piping failure model is developed for homogeneous and zoned soil dams.This model is an erosion model,coupled with force/moment equilibrium analyses.Orifice flow and two-dimensional(2D)shallow water equations(SWE)are solved to simulate dam break flows at different breaching stages.Erosion rates of different soils with different construction compaction efforts are calculated using corresponding erosion formulae.The dam's real shape,soil properties,and surrounding area are programmed.Large outer 2D-SWE grids are used to control upstream and downstream hydraulic conditions and control the boundary conditions of orifice flow,and inner 2D-SWE flow is used to scour soil and perform force/moment equilibrium analyses.This model is validated using the European Commission IMPACT(Investigation of Extreme Flood Processes and Uncertainty)Test#5 in Norway,Teton Dam failure in Idaho,USA,and Quail Creek Dike failure in Utah,USA.All calculated peak outflows are within 10%errors of observed values.Simulation results show that,for a V-shaped dam like Teton Dam,a piping breach location at the abutment tends to result in a smaller peak breach outflow than the piping breach location at the dam's center;and if Teton Dam had broken from its center for internal erosion,a peak outflow of 117851 m'/s,which is 81%larger than the peak outflow of 65120 m3/s released from its right abutment,would have been released from Teton Dam.A lower piping inlet elevation tends to cause a faster/earlier piping breach than a higher piping inlet elevation.

Three-dimensional Modeling of Ore-forming Elements and Mineralization Prognosis for the Yechangping Mo Deposit,Henan Province,China

Three-dimensional geochemical modeling of ore-forming elements is crucial for predicting deep mineralization.This approach provides key information for the quantitative prediction of deep mineral localization,three-dimensional fine interpolation,analysis of spatial distribution patterns,and extraction of quantitative mineral-seeking markers.The Yechangping molybdenum(Mo)deposit is a significant and extensive porphyry-skarn deposit in the East Qinling-Dabie Mo polymetallic metallogenic belt at the southern margin of the North China Block.Abundant borehole data on oreforming elements underpin deep geochemical predictions.The methodology includes the following steps:(1)Threedimensional geological modeling of the deposit was established.(2)Correlation,cluster,and factor analyses post delineation of mineralization stages and determination of mineral generation sequence to identify(Cu,Pb,Zn,Ag)and(Mo,W,mfe)assemblages.(3)A three-dimensional geochemical block model was constructed for Mo,W,mfe,Cu,Zn,Pb,and Ag using the ordinary kriging method,and the variational function was developed.(4)Spatial distribution and enrichment characteristics analysis of ore-forming elements are performed to extract geological information,employing the variogram and w(Cu+Pb+Zn+Ag)/w(Mo+W)as predictive indicators.(5)Identifying the western,northwestern,and southwestern areas of the mine with limited mineralization potential,contrasted by the northeastern and southeastern areas favorable for mineral exploration.

Three-dimensional constrained gravity inversion of Moho depth and crustal structural characteristics at Mozambique continental margin

Mozambique's continental margin in East Africa was formed during the break-off stage of the east and west Gondwana lands. Studying the geological structure and division of continent-ocean boundary(COB) in Mozambique's continental margin is considered of great significance to rebuild Gondwana land and understand its movement mode. Along these lines, in this work, the initial Moho was fit using the known Moho depth from reflection seismic profiles, and a 3D multi-point constrained gravity inversion was carried out. Thus, highaccuracy Moho depth and crustal thickness in the study area were acquired. According to the crustal structure distribution based on the inversion results, the continental crust at the narrowest position of the Mozambique Channel was detected. According to the analysis of the crustal thickness, the Mozambique ridge is generally oceanic crust and the COB of the whole Mozambique continental margin is divided.

A three-dimensional co-continuous network structure polymer electrolyte with efficient ion transport channels enabling ultralong-life all solid-state lithium metal batteries

Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for the construction of solid-state lithium batteries due to their excellent flexibility,scalability,and interface compatibility with electrodes.Herein,a novel all-solid polymer electrolyte(PPLCE)was fabricated by the copolymer network of liquid crystalline monomers and poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate(PEGDMA)acts as a structural frame,combined with poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether short chain interspersed serving as mobile ion transport entities.The preparaed PPLCEs exhibit excellent mechanical property and out-standing electrochemical performances,which is attributed to their unique three-dimensional cocontinuous structure,characterized by a cross-linked semi-interpenetrating network and an ionic liquid phase,resulting in a distinctive nanostructure with short-range order and long-range disorder.Remarkably,the addition of PEGDMA is proved to be critical to the comprehensive performance of the PPLCEs,which effectively modulates the microscopic morphology of polymer networks and improves the mechanical properties as well as cycling stability of the solid electrolyte.When used in a lithiumion symmetrical battery configuration,the 6 wt%-PPLCE exhibites super stability,sustaining operation for over 2000 h at 30 C,with minimal and consistent overpotential of 50 mV.The resulting Li|PPLCE|LFP solid-state battery demonstrates high discharge specific capacities of 160.9 and 120.1 mA h g^(-1)at current densities of 0.2 and 1 C,respectively.Even after more than 300 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C,it retaines an impressive 73.5%capacity.Moreover,it displayes stable cycling for over 180 cycles at a high current density of 0.5C.The super cycle stability may promote the application for ultralong-life all solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Three-Dimensional Density Distribution and Seismic Activity along the Guxiang–Tongmai Segment of the Jiali Fault,Tibet

The Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault is situated northeast of the Namche Barwa Syntaxis in northeastern Tibet.It is one of the most active strike-slip faults near the syntaxis and plays a pivotal role in the examination of seismic activity within the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis.New study in the research region has yielded a 1:200000 gravity dataset covering an area 1500 km^(2).Using wavelet transform multiscale decomposition,scratch analysis techniques,and 3D gravity inversion methods,gravity anomalies,fault distributions,and density structures were determined across various scales.Through the integration of our new gravity data with other geophysical and geological information,our findings demonstrate substantial variations in the overall crustal density within the region,with the fault distribution closely linked to these density fluctuations.Disparities in stratigraphic density are important causes of variations in the capacity of geological formations to endure regional tectonic stress.Earthquakes are predominantly concentrated within the density transition zone and are primarily situated in regions of elevated density.The hanging wall stress within the Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault exhibits a notable concentration,marked by pronounced anisotropy,and is positioned within the density differential zone,which is prone to earthquakes.