Risk Assessment of Coal Mine Water Hazard Based on Three-Dimensional Model of Geology and Underground Space

Mine safety have top-five disasters,which including the water,gas,fire,dust and geological dynamic disaster.The coal mine water disaster is one of the important factors which restricted the development of China’s coal production.It is showed by statistics that 60%of mine accidents are affected by groundwater,which not only result in the production losses,casualties and a variety of

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene incorporating functional group via hydrophilic spacer arm

A versatile and effective method for incorporating functional groups on the pore wall of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous cross-linked polystyrene（3DOM CLPS） by hydrophilic spacer arm has been investigated.The 3DOM CLPS with pore size 865 nm was prepared by sacrifice template method.The hydrophilic spacer arm（polyethylene glycol,molecular weight is 600） was grafted to the 3DOM CLPS via nucleophilic substitution reaction.The other side of active hydroxyl can be further converted into a lot of other functional groups.In this report,the chelating ligand 2-mercaptobenzothiazole（MBZ） group was introduced on the end of the PGE chain to evidence the versatile functionalization approach.The functionalized ordered macroporous materials were characterized by FT-IR,element analyzer,SEM.The results reveal that the pores were successfully bonded with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole groups via hydrophilic spacer arms and the original morphology of ordered macroporous materials were remained after functionalization.The MBZ group density is 0.052 mmol/m^2.The functionalized 3DOM CLPS are expected to application as heavy metal ions adsorbent.

Continuous imaging space in three-dimensional integral imaging

We report an integral imaging method with continuous imaging space. This method simultaneously reconstructs real and virtual images in the virtual mode, with a minimum gap that separates the entire imaging space into real and virtual space. Experimental results show that the gap is reduced to 45% of that in a conventional integral imaging system with the same parameters.

Research on cognitive load evaluation with subjective method in manual assembly

Subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse fields.This study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evaluate the cognitive load of assembly workers.A multi-scale research paradigm based on subjective evaluation method is proposed.Three typical task stages are extracted from the process of assembly work.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale,PAAS scale and Workload Profile Index Ratings(WP)scale are selected for the design of 3×3 multi-factor mixed experiment.The power spectrum density(PSD)characteris-tics of electroencephalogram(EEG)are utilized to identify the difficulty levels of the three task sta-ges.The relevant indicators of scale applicability are assessed.The results show that in terms of sensitivity,NASA-TLX scale reaches the highest sensitivity(F=999.137,P=0<0.05).In terms of validity,NASA-TLX scale possesses the best concurrent validity(P=0.0255<0.05).In terms of diagnosticity,NASA-TLX scale based on 6 dimensions takes on the best diagnostic performance.In terms of subject acceptability,WP scale performs the worst.According to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model,the applicability scores of NASA-TLX scale,PAAS scale and WP scale are determined as 3,2.55 and 1.6714,respectively.Therefore,NASA-TLX scale is regarded as the most suitable subjective evaluation questionnaire for assembly workers,which is also an effective quantitative evaluation method for the cognitive load of assembly workers.

Using"Three-dimensional Space Resources"for Fenlong Technology to Improve Grain Econoloy and Expand Human Living Spaces

Fenlong Technology has been applied to increase yield by 20%-50%,improve quality by 5%,and retain water by 100%in 40 kinds of crop cultivated land and saline-alkali land in 26 provinces of China.This paper clarified for the first time the scientific theory system of Fenlong Technology using three-dimensional space resources"Fenlong Agricultural Nature Theory"and the development of the relative"limits"of agricultural growth,which provides a huge power support and natural force for expanding human living spaces.Through inventing and creating a scientific and technological system of farming tools,farming machinery,farming modes,and magic weapons for cultivation,Fenlong Technology can increase grain,promote ecological development,and greatly expand the living spaces of the Chinese nation and achieve sustainable development.Using Fenlong Technology,China has expanded from the current single"cultivated land agriculture"to the"big pattern agriculture"of Fenlong"cultivated land+saline land+degraded grassland+marginal land+desertified land+river water",flexibly used 147 million ha of"three-dimensional space resources"of land,and the newly increased food,meat,and fish can feed 300 million to 400 million people,increased the water storage by 100 billion m^(3),and reduced the collection of groundwater by 20 million to 60 billion m^(3).

Sequence Planning for On-Orbit Assembly of Large Space Truss Structures in a Multirobot Environment

An approach to sequence planning for on-orbit assembly of large space truss structures in a multirobot environment is presented. A hierarchical representation of large space truss structures at the structural volume element level and strut level is adopted. The representation of connectivity matrix and directed graph is respectively presented at the strut level and SVE level. The multirobot environment that consists of autonomous space robots and struts is supposed. Then the multirobot serial assembly strategy,assembly states,assembly tasks and assembly sequences are described. The assembly sequence planning algorithms at the strut level and SVE level are respectively discussed. The results of the simulations show that this approach is feasible and efficient. Two extensions of this approach include more accurate assessment of the efficiency representation and improvements in planning algorithm. In the future,the assembly sequence planning of more large space truss structures and complex multirobot environments and assembly tasks will be considered.

Three-Dimensional Space Interpolation of Grey / Depth Image Sequence-A New Technique of Computer Graphics Synthesis

This paper advances a three-dimensional space interpolation method of grey / depth image sequence, which breaks free from the limit of original practical photographing route. Pictures can cruise at will in space. By using space sparse sampling, great memorial capacity can be saved and reproduced scenes can be controlled. To solve time consuming and complex computations in three-dimensional interpolation algorithm, we have studied a fast and practical algorithm of scattered space lattice and that of 'Warp' algorithm with proper depth. By several simple aspects of three dimensional space interpolation, we succeed in developing some simple and practical algorithms. Some results of simulated experiments with computers have shown that the new method is absolutely feasible.

Urban Three-dimensional Expansion and Its Driving Forces——A Case Study of Shanghai,China

Urban expansion is a phenomenon of urban space increase,and an important measuring index of the process of urbanization.Taking Shanghai as an example,the changes of urban average height and built-up area were studied to represent city's vertical and horizontal increases respectively,and statistical methods were used to analyze the driving forces of urban expansion.The research drew following conclusions:1) The urban expansion process of Shanghai from 1985 to 2006 had a clear periodic feature,and could be divided into three stages:vertical expansion in dominance,coordinated vertical and horizontal expansion,and horizontal expansion in dominance.2) The average height and quantity of buildings in core city were significantly bigger than those in suburbs,but the changing speed of the latter was faster.And 3) urbanization process was the major driving force for the city's horizontal expansion,while industrial structure improvement was the key driving factor for the vertical expansion.Those two driving forces were simultaneously affected by city's political factors.

Multiconstraint adaptive three-dimensional guidance law using convex optimization

The traditional guidance law only guarantees the accuracy of attacking a target. However, the look angle and acceleration constraints are indispensable in applications. A new adaptive three-dimensional proportional navigation(PN) guidance law is proposed based on convex optimization. Decomposition of the three-dimensional space is carried out to establish threedimensional kinematic engagements. The constraints and the performance index are disposed by using the convex optimization method. PN guidance gains can be obtained by solving the optimization problem. This solution is more rapid and programmatic than the traditional method and provides a foundation for future online guidance methods, which is of great value for engineering applications.

Obstacle avoidance method of three-dimensional obstacle spherical cap

Focusing on obstacle avoidance in three-dimensional space for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), the direct obstacle avoidance method in dynamic space based on three-dimensional velocity obstacle spherical cap is proposed, which quantifies the influence of threatening obstacles through velocity obstacle spherical cap parameters. In addition, the obstacle avoidance schemes of any point on the critical curve during the multi-obstacles avoidance are given. Through prediction, the insertion point for the obstacle avoidance can be obtained and the flight path can be replanned. Taking the Pythagorean Hodograph(PH) curve trajectory re-planning as an example, the three-dimensional direct obstacle avoidance method in dynamic space is tested. Simulation results show that the proposed method can realize the online obstacle avoidance trajectory re-planning, which increases the flexibility of obstacle avoidance greatly.

Three-Dimensional Metacomposite Based on Different Ferromagnetic Microwire Spacing for Electromagnetic Shielding

An electromagnetic shielding metacomposite based on the absorbing mechanism was prepared by weaving ferromagnetic microwires into the three-dimensional(3D)fabric.The influence of the ferromagnetic microwire spacing on electromagnetic shielding performance and the electromagnetic shielding mechanism of 3D metacomposites were studied.The total electromagnetic shielding performance increases with the increase of electromagnetic wave frequency.3D metacomposites based on the absorbing mechanism can avoid the secondary pollution of electromagnetic waves,and have great potential in military,civil,aerospace and other fields.

Constructing Three-Dimension Space Graph for Outlier Detection Algorithms in Data Mining

Outlier detection has very important applied value in data mining literature. Different outlier detection algorithms based on distinct theories have different definitions and mining processes. The three-dimensional space graph for constructing applied algorithms and an improved GridOf algorithm were proposed in terms of analyzing the existing outlier detection algorithms from criterion and theory. Key words outlier - detection - three-dimensional space graph - data mining CLC number TP 311. 13 - TP 391 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70371015)Biography: ZHANG Jing (1975-), female, Ph. D, lecturer, research direction: data mining and knowledge discovery.

Research on an Integrated Modeling Method of Virtual Ship Assembly

A new method of virtual ship assembly modeling which integrates ship three-dimensional design and ship construction planning was described in this paper. A workflow model of simulation modeling based on the virtual ship assembly process was also established; furthermore, a method of information transformation between the ship three-dimensional design and ship construction plan was formulated. To meet the requirements of information sharing between different systems in the ship virtual assembly, a simulation database was created by using the software engineering design method and the relational data model. With the application of this database, the information of ship three-dimensional design, construction planning, and virtual assembly can be integrated into one system. Subsequently, this new method was applied as a tool to simulate the virtual assembly of a ship, and the results guarantee its rationality and reliability.

Three-Dimensional Exact Solution for Dynamic Damped Response of Plates with Two Free Edges

A three-dimensional state space method has been developed for the calculation of dynamic response of plates with two free edges and two simply supported edges.A complex damping model was introduced, then the exact solutions which satisfy all the governing equations and boundary conditions were obtained.In order to overcome the difficulty of satisfying all the stress conditions at free edges, the displacement functions of free edges were assumed.The boundary conditions were strictly satisfied when the convergence rate was good.The computing time was evidently less than that of finite element method.The comparison of the solution with those of finite element method show that there is an excellent agreement for displacements.When the imaginary parts of normal stress deviated, the finite element results showed existence of shear stresses at top and bottom surfaces, and the boundary conditions of FEM model were not strictly satisfied.

Researches on Cartographic Database-Based Interactive Three-Dimensional Topographic Map

With the development of computer graphics, the three-dimensional (3D) visualization brings new technological revolution to the traditional cartography. Therefore, the topographic 3D-map emerges to adapt to this technological revolution, and the applications of topographic 3D-map are spread rapidly to other relevant fields due to its incomparable advantage. The researches on digital map and the construction of map database offer strong technical support and abundant data source for this new technology, so the research and development of topographic 3D-map will receive greater concern. The basic data of the topographic 3D-map are rooted mainly in digital map and its basic model is derived from digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D-models of other DEM-based geographic features. In view of the potential enormous data and the complexity of geographic features, the dynamic representation of geographic information becomes the focus of the research of topographic 3D-map and also the prerequisite condition of 3D query and analysis. In addition to the equipment of hardware that are restraining, to a certain extent, the 3D representation, the data organization structure of geographic information will be the core problem of research on 3D-map. Level of detail (LOD), space partitioning, dynamic object loading (DOL) and object culling are core technologies of the dynamic 3D representation. The object- selection, attribute-query and model-editing are important functions and interaction tools for users with 3D-maps provided by topographic 3D-map system, all of which are based on the data structure of the 3D-model. This paper discusses the basic theories, concepts and cardinal principles of topographic 3D-map, expounds the basic way to organize the scene hierarchy of topographic 3D-map based on the node mechanism and studies the dynamic representation technologies of topographic 3D-map based on LOD, space partitioning, DOL and object culling. Moreover, such interactive operation functions are explored, in this paper, as spatial query, scene editing and management of topographic 3D-map. Finally, this paper describes briefly the applications of topographic 3D-map in its related fields.

群聚传播的凝结空间生产与价值指向

互联网群聚传播生成的凝结空间强化了群聚传播多重关系缠绕的复杂机制。受到多元主体不平衡交往碰撞的影响,散漫、飘荡和漫渍的凝结空间随着互联网群聚传播的随机涨落处于永恒的流动之中,进而生产了复杂的关系链条。在以往的传播学视域中,空间始终是“缺席”或“被征服”的对象,西方空间学者虽然提出了空间生产理论,但是忽视了空间生产后伴随环境和交互作用而发生的跃变。随时随地“因事”而“凝结的空间”改变了以往空间的永恒性,借助群聚传播的时间之流对空间碎片的拼接与镶嵌,随时会发生位置漂移,没有边际亦无永久性的节点,只有永恒的空间聚合与消散,以及伴随这一过程的持续流动。凝结空间的流动习惯以多样性、复杂性、异质性来摧毁整体性和均质性。这种流动本身所具有的物质力量暗含了偶然性聚集的合力和对立性的张力,进而形成了斑斓杂陈的社会景观。在凝结空间的无限嵌套、互渗和叠置中,群聚传播的驳杂性增强了时空结构的混沌度。这些都提醒我们要重塑凝结空间中的交往理性,认识凝结空间生产的初始条件和演进规律,破除群聚传播空间生产的阻碍,实现自我超越,回归人类共通的价值本性。

大跨度装配式单层网壳十字形半刚性螺栓连接节点抗弯性能研究

装配式连接节点是大跨度装配式单层空间网壳结构体系的关键。提出一种适用于大跨度单层网壳结构的十字形板装配式节点。该节点由圆钢管、十字形钢板、角钢、矩形连接盖板、圆盖板和高强螺栓组成,其中圆钢管、盖板、十字形钢板在工厂焊接,现场将十字形板和角钢、矩形盖板用高强螺栓连接。该节点通过设置角钢、矩形连接盖板和十字形钢板螺栓连接,在节点受到弯曲荷载时,角钢和矩形连接盖板可以首先承受弯曲荷载,从而减少节点内侧的十字形钢板塑性损伤,并且提高节点的抗弯性能。利用有限元模拟方法,构建新型连接节点有限元模型,分析了十字形钢板和角钢厚度等变量如何影响节点在平面内外的抗弯性能。通过对各组成部分尺寸的参数化研究,得到了这些因素对所提出的连接节点平面内外抗弯性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,采用角钢与矩形盖板相连接形成的十字形节点,在抗弯刚度和承载力方面表现出了优异的性能。通过调节十字形板厚度、螺栓个数、角钢和盖板厚度可调控节点的初始抗弯刚度和抗弯承载力。基于刚性节点设计方法,对该半刚性节点进行尺寸理论设计,结果表明该方法可以保证节点弯矩设计值基本达到圆钢管的屈服弯矩,满足设计要求,提高节点安全。

空间站组合臂安装载荷的自主安全操控策略

针对空间站暴露载荷操作任务,提出一种组合臂安装载荷的自主安全操控策略。该策略由机械臂末端视觉伺服进行安装操作的精细初定位,克服天地差异、舱体充压变形、组合臂大范围开环运动等误差影响,为机械臂安装载荷提供准确的初始条件;由力控制和自主交互流程进行载荷对接安装,适应载荷对接前残余位姿偏差,减少天地、机械臂与载荷交互时间、力控制持续时间,降低宏微机械臂间动力学耦合影响,自主柔顺和安全完成载荷插拔操作。该操控策略经过地面仿真和试验验证,并成功应用在组合臂操作舱外暴露载荷任务中,确保空间站载荷安装任务圆满成功。

星载迈克尔逊干涉仪扫描角镜装调工艺研究

针对星载迈克尔逊干涉仪悬臂式扫描角镜组件装调维度多、装调精度高、检测困难等技术难点,提出了一种“向量解析+精密微动调整”方法,通过建立装调及检测基准、将角镜组件简化为空间点向量、采用“先法向后平面”的调整顺序、利用专用精密微动装置等措施,实现了空间多自由度角镜组件的高精度调整,角镜顶点位置对称度装调后达到8μm,优于0.01 mm的设计指标要求,有效提高了装调精度,缩短了装调周期。

基于DNA折纸订书钉链折叠的信息加密策略

DNA折纸结构是蕴含复杂序列折叠信息的纳米结构,为发展具有超大密钥空间的信息加密技术提供了新思路。该文设计了一种能够充分发挥DNA折纸结构信息特征的信息加密策略,与先前利用DNA折纸骨架链折叠的思路不同,该文基于订书钉链集合的非线性组合特征,提出通过探索其更为广阔的折叠多样性来实现更大的密钥空间。该策略的密钥空间计算模型分解为订书钉链的结合域模式、协同折叠以及独立性3个因素,分别考虑了订书钉链的链内区段分布性、链间排布多样性以及序列特异性。以上3种因素的组合,使单位几何空间内DNA折纸的折叠多样性更有效地转化为密钥空间。该策略是一种基于生物分子热力学的加密方式,为扩展信息安全的应用场景提供了新的可能。