Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween Septem...Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween September 2010 and April 2014, a prospective study was conducted in a single referral center using 3D-SU1S performed after 2D-US in 10 cases of sirenomelia. Diagnostic accuracy and detailed findings were compared with postnatal three-dimensional helical computed tomography （3D-HCT）, radiological findings and autopsy. Pregnancy was terminated in all 10 sirenomelia cases, including 9 singletons and I conjoined twin pregnancy, for a total of 5 males and 5 females. These cases of sirenomelia were deter- mined by autopsy and/or chromosomal examination. Initial 2D-US showed that there were 10 cases of oligohydranmios, bilateral renal agenesis, bladder agenesis, single umbilical artery, fusion of the lower limbs and spinal abnormalities; 8 cases of dipus or monopus; 2 cases of apus; and 8 cases of cardiac abnormalities. Subsequent 3D-SUIS showed that there were 9 cases of scoliosis, l0 cases of sacrococ- cygeal vertebra dysplasia, 3 cases of hemivertebra, 1 case of vertebral fusion, 3 cases of spina bifida, and 5 cases of rib abnormalities. 3D-SUIS identified significantly more skeletal abnormalities than did 2D-US, and its accuracy was 79.5% （70/88） compared with 3D-HCT and radiography. 3D-SUIS seems to be a useful complementary method to 2D-US and may improve the accuracy of identifying prenatal skeletal abnormalities related to sirenomelia.展开更多
The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.He...The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.Herein,we prepared a MoO_(2)hollow nanosphere with a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the visible light region,which exhibited an excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering effect.When the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid(4-MBA)molecules are modified,it can be efficiently used as Raman probe molecules to perform clear three-dimensional cell imaging.No matter when the nanoparticles are located inside the cell,outside the cell or partly inside the cell,they all can be clearly presented by this enhanced Raman probe molecule.These results provide a rapid and accurate method for three-dimensional imaging of cells,especially for tracking the phagocytosis of nanoparticles.展开更多
A new aspheric surface pre-collimation lenses system for the optical antenna of three-dimensional （3D） imaging of lidar has been optimally designed and simulated by optical design software CODE-V.Four kinds of asphe...A new aspheric surface pre-collimation lenses system for the optical antenna of three-dimensional （3D） imaging of lidar has been optimally designed and simulated by optical design software CODE-V.Four kinds of aspheric surfaces spherical lenses including the sections of spherical,elliptical,hyperbola,and parabola have been researched.The optical system,including the elliptical cylinder lenses collimation and the optical antenna,can be realized less than 5 rad collimation angle for dot source semiconductor laser beam.展开更多
Three dimensional-digital image correlation(3 D-DIC) is a widely used optical metrology in the experimental mechanics community because of its reliability, practicality, and flexibility. Although the precision of digi...Three dimensional-digital image correlation(3 D-DIC) is a widely used optical metrology in the experimental mechanics community because of its reliability, practicality, and flexibility. Although the precision of digital image correlation(DIC) has been thoroughly studied theoretically and numerically, verification experiments have seldom been performed, especially for complex surfaces with a small field of view(FOV). In this work, the shape of a 1-yuan coin was measured using 3 D-DIC; the shape was complex due to the presence of many fine details, and the FOV was relatively small because the coin diameter was only 25 mm. During the experiment, a novel strategy for speckle production was developed: white paint was simply sprayed onto the surface. Black paint was not used; instead, taking advantage of the reflective nature of the coin surface, polarized light and a Polaroid filter were introduced, and the polarization direction was carefully adjusted, ensuring that the spray pattern was extremely thin and that high-quality speckle images with significant contrast were captured. The three-dimensional coin shape was also successfully determined for comparison using a stylus profiler. The results demonstrate that 3 D-DIC provides high precision in shape measurement even for complex surfaces with small FOV. The precision of 3 D-DIC can reach 1/7000 of the field of view, corresponding to about 6 μm in this experiment.展开更多
The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the coronary arteries in 3 dimension (3D) from serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images generated during a pullback of IVUS catheter. Slowly pullback. real-time, cross-s...The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the coronary arteries in 3 dimension (3D) from serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images generated during a pullback of IVUS catheter. Slowly pullback. real-time, cross-sectional IVUS images of 18 patients (2 with normal coronary arteries. 1 with coronary aneurysm. and 15 post PTCA) were obtained by using a 20 MHz. 3.5F IVUS catheter and recorded on video tape. A series of 90-frame consecutive IVUS images were digitized into a SUN Spare 11 workstation. Digitized data were reconstructed to 3D images with use of voxel space modeling and were generated in both sagittal and cylindrical formats. The sagittal format results in a longitudinal展开更多
There is an increasing demand for advanced optical imaging techniques that can detect and resolve nanosize objects at a spatial resolution below the optical diffraction limit, especially in three-dimensional （3D） ce...There is an increasing demand for advanced optical imaging techniques that can detect and resolve nanosize objects at a spatial resolution below the optical diffraction limit, especially in three-dimensional （3D） cellular environments. In this study, using a polarization-activated localization scheme based on the orientation-dependent properties of anisotropic plasmonic metal nanoparticles （MNPs）, ＂photoswitchable＂ imaging of single gold nanorods （AuNRs） was accomplished not only in two dimensions but also in three dimensions. Moreover, the Rayleigh scattering background arising from the congested subcellular structures was efficiently suppressed. Thus, we obtained the 3D distributions of both the position and the orientation of the AuNRs inside the cells and investigated their intemalization kinetics. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the confocal-like 3D imaging of non-fluorescence nanoparticles with a high resolution and almost zero background. This technique is easy to implement and should greatly facilitate MNP studies and applications in biomedicine and biology.展开更多
文摘Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween September 2010 and April 2014, a prospective study was conducted in a single referral center using 3D-SU1S performed after 2D-US in 10 cases of sirenomelia. Diagnostic accuracy and detailed findings were compared with postnatal three-dimensional helical computed tomography （3D-HCT）, radiological findings and autopsy. Pregnancy was terminated in all 10 sirenomelia cases, including 9 singletons and I conjoined twin pregnancy, for a total of 5 males and 5 females. These cases of sirenomelia were deter- mined by autopsy and/or chromosomal examination. Initial 2D-US showed that there were 10 cases of oligohydranmios, bilateral renal agenesis, bladder agenesis, single umbilical artery, fusion of the lower limbs and spinal abnormalities; 8 cases of dipus or monopus; 2 cases of apus; and 8 cases of cardiac abnormalities. Subsequent 3D-SUIS showed that there were 9 cases of scoliosis, l0 cases of sacrococ- cygeal vertebra dysplasia, 3 cases of hemivertebra, 1 case of vertebral fusion, 3 cases of spina bifida, and 5 cases of rib abnormalities. 3D-SUIS identified significantly more skeletal abnormalities than did 2D-US, and its accuracy was 79.5% （70/88） compared with 3D-HCT and radiography. 3D-SUIS seems to be a useful complementary method to 2D-US and may improve the accuracy of identifying prenatal skeletal abnormalities related to sirenomelia.
基金This work received financial support from the Science Foundation of Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine(No.2017JK045)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFF0210003).
文摘The development of efficient three-dimensional cell imaging technology is a necessary means to study cell composition and structure,especially to track and monitor the phagocytosis process of nanoparticles by cells.Herein,we prepared a MoO_(2)hollow nanosphere with a strong surface plasmon resonance effect in the visible light region,which exhibited an excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering effect.When the 4-mercaptobenzoic acid(4-MBA)molecules are modified,it can be efficiently used as Raman probe molecules to perform clear three-dimensional cell imaging.No matter when the nanoparticles are located inside the cell,outside the cell or partly inside the cell,they all can be clearly presented by this enhanced Raman probe molecule.These results provide a rapid and accurate method for three-dimensional imaging of cells,especially for tracking the phagocytosis of nanoparticles.
基金supported by Pre-research Foundation under Grant No. G020104PJ09DZ0246the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11004024
文摘A new aspheric surface pre-collimation lenses system for the optical antenna of three-dimensional （3D） imaging of lidar has been optimally designed and simulated by optical design software CODE-V.Four kinds of aspheric surfaces spherical lenses including the sections of spherical,elliptical,hyperbola,and parabola have been researched.The optical system,including the elliptical cylinder lenses collimation and the optical antenna,can be realized less than 5 rad collimation angle for dot source semiconductor laser beam.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11332010,51271174,11372300,11127201,11472266&11428206)
文摘Three dimensional-digital image correlation(3 D-DIC) is a widely used optical metrology in the experimental mechanics community because of its reliability, practicality, and flexibility. Although the precision of digital image correlation(DIC) has been thoroughly studied theoretically and numerically, verification experiments have seldom been performed, especially for complex surfaces with a small field of view(FOV). In this work, the shape of a 1-yuan coin was measured using 3 D-DIC; the shape was complex due to the presence of many fine details, and the FOV was relatively small because the coin diameter was only 25 mm. During the experiment, a novel strategy for speckle production was developed: white paint was simply sprayed onto the surface. Black paint was not used; instead, taking advantage of the reflective nature of the coin surface, polarized light and a Polaroid filter were introduced, and the polarization direction was carefully adjusted, ensuring that the spray pattern was extremely thin and that high-quality speckle images with significant contrast were captured. The three-dimensional coin shape was also successfully determined for comparison using a stylus profiler. The results demonstrate that 3 D-DIC provides high precision in shape measurement even for complex surfaces with small FOV. The precision of 3 D-DIC can reach 1/7000 of the field of view, corresponding to about 6 μm in this experiment.
文摘The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the coronary arteries in 3 dimension (3D) from serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images generated during a pullback of IVUS catheter. Slowly pullback. real-time, cross-sectional IVUS images of 18 patients (2 with normal coronary arteries. 1 with coronary aneurysm. and 15 post PTCA) were obtained by using a 20 MHz. 3.5F IVUS catheter and recorded on video tape. A series of 90-frame consecutive IVUS images were digitized into a SUN Spare 11 workstation. Digitized data were reconstructed to 3D images with use of voxel space modeling and were generated in both sagittal and cylindrical formats. The sagittal format results in a longitudinal
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Sdence Foundation of China （Nos. 91027037, 21127009, 21425519 and 21221003）, Hunan University 985 fund, Tsinghua University Startup fund, the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （No. LY16B050006） and Wenzhou Medical University Setup fund （No. QTJ15022）.
文摘There is an increasing demand for advanced optical imaging techniques that can detect and resolve nanosize objects at a spatial resolution below the optical diffraction limit, especially in three-dimensional （3D） cellular environments. In this study, using a polarization-activated localization scheme based on the orientation-dependent properties of anisotropic plasmonic metal nanoparticles （MNPs）, ＂photoswitchable＂ imaging of single gold nanorods （AuNRs） was accomplished not only in two dimensions but also in three dimensions. Moreover, the Rayleigh scattering background arising from the congested subcellular structures was efficiently suppressed. Thus, we obtained the 3D distributions of both the position and the orientation of the AuNRs inside the cells and investigated their intemalization kinetics. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the confocal-like 3D imaging of non-fluorescence nanoparticles with a high resolution and almost zero background. This technique is easy to implement and should greatly facilitate MNP studies and applications in biomedicine and biology.
