Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic fissureless right upper lobe anterior segmentectomy for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor:A case report

BACKGROUND Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors(IMTs)are exceptionally rare neoplasms with intermediate malignant potential.Surgery is the accepted treatment option,aiming for complete resection with clear margins.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old woman presented with a growing solitary pulmonary nodule measuring 2.0 cm in the right upper lobe(RUL)of the lung.The patient underwent a RUL anterior segmentectomy using uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy.A preliminary tissue diagnosis indicated malignancy;however,it was later revised to an IMTs.Due to the absence of a minor fissure between the right upper and middle lobes,an alternative resection approach was necessary.Therefore,we utilized indocyanine green injection to aid in delineating the intersegmental plane.Following an uneventful recovery,the patient was discharged on the third postoperative day.Thereafter,annual chest tomography scans were scheduled to monitor for potential local recurrence.CONCLUSION This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing IMTs,showing the importance of accurate pathologic assessments and tailored surgical strategies.

Early Application Study of Intravenous Pain Pump Combined with Parecoxib Injection in Relieving Pain in Patients after Thoracoscopy

Objective: To explore the clinical effectiveness of combined use of intravenous pain pump with Parecoxib injection in alleviating pain in patients during the early postoperative period after thoracoscopic surgery. Methods: Eighty patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery in a tertiary hospital were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into two groups, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received routine postoperative treatment with intravenous pain pump, while the experimental group received Parecoxib in addition to the standard postoperative pain pump treatment. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were used to evaluate postoperative pain relief in both groups, along with adverse reactions, postoperative complications, and patient satisfaction with pain relief. Results: Patients who received Parecoxib injection in addition to the routine use of intravenous pain pump had VAS pain scores lower than 3 points at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h postoperatively compared to those in the control group. The incidence of postoperative lung collapse, pleural effusion, and pulmonary infections was also significantly lower in the experimental group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P Conclusion: Early combined use of Parecoxib injection in the early postoperative period after thoracoscopic surgery has shown good clinical efficacy. It can reduce the level of pain in patients, promote effective coughing and expectoration, facilitate early mobilization of patients, improve patient compliance, reduce complications, shorten hospital stay, and expedite patient recovery. Therefore, it is worth promoting the widespread clinical application of Parecoxib injection in this setting.

Ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block enhances postoperative analgesia and recovery in thoracoscopic surgery

BACKGROUND The serratus anterior muscle,located in the lateral aspect of the thorax,plays a crucial role in shoulder movement and stability.Thoracoscopic surgery,while minimally invasive,often results in significant postoperative pain,complicating patient recovery and potentially extending hospital stays.Traditional anesthesia methods may not adequately address this pain,leading to increased complications such as agitation due to inadequate pain management.AIM To evaluate the application value of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block(SAPB)in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery,focusing on its effects on postoperative analgesia and rehabilitation.METHODS Eighty patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery between August 2021 and December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups:An observation group receiving ultrasound-guided SAPB and a control group receiving standard care without SAPB.Both groups underwent general anesthesia and were monitored for blood pressure,heart rate(HR),oxygen saturation,and pulse.The primary outcomes measured included mean arterial pressure(MAP),HR,postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)scores for pain,supplemental analgesic use,and incidence of agitation.RESULTS The observation group showed significantly lower cortisol and glucose concentrations at various time points post-operation compared to the control group,indicating reduced stress responses.Moreover,MAP and HR levels were lower in the observation group during and after surgery.VAS scores were significantly lower in the observation group at 1 h,4 h,6 h,and 12 h post-surgery,and the rates of analgesic supplementation and agitation were significantly reduced compared to the control group.CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided SAPB significantly improves postoperative analgesia and reduces agitation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.This technique stabilizes perioperative vital signs,decreases the need for supplemental analgesics,and minimizes postoperative pain and stress responses,underscoring its high application value in enhancing patient recovery and rehabilitation post-thoracoscopy.

Impact of thoracic paravertebral block and sufentanil on outcomes and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery

BACKGROUND Postoperative pain management and cognitive function preservation are crucial for patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer(LC).This is achieved using either a thoracic paravertebral block(TPVB)or sufentanil(SUF)-based multimodal analgesia.However,the efficacy and impact of their combined use on postoperative pain and postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)remain unclear.AIM To explore the analgesic effect and the influence on POCD of TPVB combined with SUF-based multimodal analgesia in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for LC to help optimize postoperative pain management and improve patient outcomes.METHODS This retrospective analysis included 107 patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for LC at The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital between May 2021 and January 2023.Patients receiving SUF-based multimodal analgesia(n=50)and patients receiving TPVB+SUF-based multimodal analgesia(n=57)were assigned to the control group and TPVB group,respectively.We compared the Ramsay Sedation Scale and visual analog scale(VAS)scores at rest and with cough between the two groups at 2,12,and 24 h after surgery.Serum levels of epinephrine(E),angio-tensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),norepinephrine(NE),superoxide dismutase(SOD),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and S-100 calcium-binding proteinβ(S-100β)were measured before and 24 h after surgery.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was administered 1 day before surgery and at 3 and 5 days after surgery,and the occurrence of POCD was monitored for 5 days after surgery.Adverse reactions were also recorded.RESULTS There were no significant time point,between-group,and interaction effects in Ramsay sedation scores between the two groups(P>0.05).Significantly,there were notable time point effects,between-group differences,and interaction effects observed in VAS scores both at rest and with cough(P<0.05).The VAS scores at rest and with cough at 12 and 24 h after surgery were lower than those at 2 h after surgery and gradually decreased as postoperative time increased(P<0.05).The TPVB group had lower VAS scores than the control group at 2,12,and 24 h after surgery(P<0.05).The MMSE scores at postoperative days 1 and 3 were markedly higher in the TPVB group than in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of POCD was significantly lower in the TPVB group than in the control group within 5 days after surgery(P<0.05).Both groups had elevated serum E,Ang Ⅱ,and NE and decreased serum SOD levels at 24 h after surgery compared with the preoperative levels,with better indices in the TPVB group(P<0.05).Marked elevations in serum levels of VEGF,TGF-β1,TNF-α,and S-100β were observed in both groups at 24 h after surgery,with lower levels in the TPVB group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TPVB combined with SUF-based multimodal analgesia further relieves pain in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical surgery for LC,enhances analgesic effects,reduces postoperative stress response,and inhibits postoperative increases in serum VEGF,TGF-β1,TNF-α,and S-100β levels.This scheme also reduced POCD and had a high safety profile.

Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic repair of adult right-sided Bochdalek hernia with massive liver prolapse: A case report

BACKGROUND A Bochdalek hernia(BH)is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia that often develops in the neonatal period.BH typically occurs on the left side of the diaphragm.A right-sided BH in an adult is rare.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow seen on chest radiography during a medical check-up.A chest radiograph showed elevation of the right hemidiaphragm.Computed tomography showed prolapse of multiple intraabdominal organs into the right thoracic cavity,corresponding to a right-sided BH.The herniated contents included the stomach,transverse colon,and left lobe of the liver.The left lobe of the liver was enlarged,particularly the medial segment.Laparoscopic surgery was performed.However,the left lobe of the liver was completely trapped in the thoracic cavity.Therefore,thoracoscopic manipulation had to be performed to return the liver to the abdominal cavity.The hernia was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures and reinforced with mesh.CONCLUSION Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery was successfully performed for right-sided BH with massive liver prolapse and abnormal liver morphology.

Use of video-assisted thoracoscope in 121 cases of cardiac surgery

Objective: To sum up 121 cases of heart disease operations with the help of thoracoscope from May to August in 2000. Among these cases, 48 cases were atrial septal defect (ASD); the average age of patients is 20±10 years old; average weight is (43±16) kg. 67 patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD), average age13±9 years old; one male patient, 44 years old with Ebstein malformation; one female patient (21 years old) partial atrioventricular canal combined with cor triatriatum; one male (21 years old) with ruptared aneuryem of aortic sinus. 3 cases(all females ) with mitral stenosis combined with mitral valve incompetence. One male patient(aged 16)with pericardiun effusion after trauma. Methods: During operations, a patient with supine position, and his/her right shoulder was padded 30°higher. Tracheal cannula was inserted and air was piped in with high frequency jet ventilation. Three mini thoracotomies with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm were made in the 4th intercostals space of the right par sternum and the 4th and 7th intercostals spaces of the right middle axillary line respectively. An periphera extra corporeal circulation was made. the aortic clamp was clamped, cannula for cold perfusion. After the heart was sliced and a reformative operation was performed. The process of the operation of defects repairs was finished under the thoracoscope. The other operations were performed with the help of thoracoscope. 3 rheumatic heart disease patients got 25# mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. A 30# tricuspid plasty ring was applied to The Ebstein malformation patient. Results: all 121 patients were successfully operated on without death. Two VSD cases appeared transient third degree atrialventricular block.Because 4 cases had more chest drainage, so they were stanched bleeding twice. After the operation, heart murmur vanished, and ultrasonic inspection showed no diffluence inside the heart. Conclusion: Our experience showed that all atrium, ventricular septal defects can be repaired under the thoracoscope. This scope-assisted technology is more accepted by patients because of tiny incisions and also provides an alternative solution for cardiac surgeons.

Primary repair of esophageal atresia gross type C via thoracoscopic magnetic compression anastomosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Esophageal atresia(EA)is a life-threatening congenital malformation in newborns,and the traditional repair approaches pose technical challenges and are extremely invasive.Therefore,surgeons have been actively investigating new minimally invasive techniques to address this issue.Magnetic compression anastomosis has been reported in several studies for its potential in repairing EA.In this paper,the primary repair of EA with magnetic compression anastomosis under thoracoscopy was reported.CASE SUMMARY A full-term male weighing 3500 g was diagnosed with EA gross type C.The magnetic devices used in this procedure consisted of two magnetic rings and several catheters.Tracheoesophageal fistula ligation and two purse strings were performed.The magnetic compression anastomosis was then completed thoracoscopically.After the primary repair,no additional operation was conducted.A patent anastomosis was observed on the 15th day postoperatively,and the magnets were removed on the 23rd day.No leakage existed when the transoral feeding started.CONCLUSION Thoracoscopic magnetic compression anastomosis may be a promising minimally invasive approach for repairing EA.

Study on the Correlation between Syndrome Differentiation of Malignant Pleural Effusion Treated by External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunohistochemistry of Biopsy Tissue Based on Medical Video-assisted Thoracoscope

Objective:Guided by the theory of syndrome differentiation of yin and yang in traditional Chinese medicine surgery,through visual observation of internal medicine thoracoscope,comprehensive observation of pleural cavity and immunohistochemistry of biopsy tissue,to classify malignant pleural effusion according to syndrome differentiation,and to explore the scientific nature of its theory.Methods:From March 1,2014 to February 28,2015,40 cases of malignant pleural effusion were treated in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.According to the proposed TCM diagnostic criteria for yin and yang syndrome differentiation,and collect age,gender,course of disease,clinical symptoms,tumor primary focus,histomorphological manifestations and immunohistochemical results and other related information,and carry out statistical data processing.Results:The positive syndrome was mainly metastatic lung adenocarcinoma,which accounted for the majority of all MPE cases,up to 75%.The immunohistochemical results of biopsy tissues were mainly CEA and TTF-1 positive;While pleural effusion caused by pleural mesothelioma was the main type of yin syndrome,and the results of immunohistochemistry combined with biopsy were mainly positive for D2-40,Calretinin,WT-1 and CK5/6.Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation of MPE based on internal thoracoscopy combined with biopsy immunohistochemical results has sufficient theoretical basis and certain scientific nature,and further clinical research is needed to verify its effectiveness and practicability in the future.

The Application of Forward Control Nursing in Anesthesia, Recovery, and Rehabilitation of Thoracoscopic Lung Cancer Radical Surgery

Objective: To explore the clinical application effect of formulating the operating room nursing work procedure sheet for elderly lung cancer patients in thoracoscopic radical surgery. Methods: A total of 85 elderly patients with lung cancer treated in our hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were included as the study population for this research. They were divided into a study group of 42 cases and a regular group of 43 cases. The regular group of elderly patients received routine nursing care, while the study group of elderly patients was provided with the operating room nursing care work procedure sheet. The surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, time to mobilization, and postoperative complication rate were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Compared to the regular group, the study group had significantly shorter surgical duration and time to mobilization, as well as less intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative complications in the study group (4.76%) was significantly lower than that in the regular group (19.05%) (P Conclusion: Formulating the operating room nursing work procedure sheet for elderly lung cancer patients can effectively improve surgical efficiency, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and promote patient prognosis in thoracoscopic radical surgery. Therefore, this model is worth promoting and adopting in clinical practice.

Anesthesia for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-assisted thoracoscopic lower lobe subsegmental resection in a patient with a single left lung:A case report

BACKGROUND It is difficult and risky for patients with a single lung to undergo thoracoscopic segmental pneumonectomy,and previous reports of related cases are rare.We introduce anesthesia for Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-assisted thoracoscopic lower lobe subsegmental resection in a patient with a single left lung.CASE SUMMARY The patient underwent comprehensive treatment for synovial sarcoma of the right lung and nodules in the lower lobe of the left lung.Examination showed pulmonary function that had severe restrictive ventilation disorder,forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 0.72 L(27.8%),forced vital capacity of 1.0 L(33%),and maximal voluntary ventilation of 33.9 L(35.5%).Lung computed tomography showed a nodular shadow in the lower lobe of the left lung,and lung metastasis was considered.After multidisciplinary consultation and adequate preoperative preparation,thoracoscopic left lower lung lobe S9bii+S10bii combined subsegmental resection was performed with the assistance of total intravenous anesthesia and ECMO intraoperative pulmonary protective ventilation.The patient received postoperative ICU supportive care.After surgical treatment,the patient was successfully withdrawn from ECMO on postoperative Day 1.The tracheal tube was removed on postoperative Day 4,and she was discharged from the hospital on postoperative Day 15.CONCLUSION The multi-disciplinary treatment provided maximum medical optimization for surgical anesthesia and veno-venous ECMO which provided adequate protection for the patient's perioperative treatment.

多学科围术期疼痛干预对胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后疼痛、术后恢复和并发症的影响

目的:探讨多学科围术期疼痛干预对胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATS)术后疼痛、术后恢复和并发症的影响。方法:选取施行VATS治疗的116例患者为研究对象。依据干预方式不同将116例VATS患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各58例。对照组实施常规疼痛干预;观察组实施多学科围术期疼痛干预。比较两组疼痛情况[数字疼痛评分法(NRS)]、术后恢复情况、术后康复质量[Quality of Recovery-15,QoR-15]及并发症发生情况。结果:术后24 h及术后72 h观察组静息及咳嗽时NRS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后首次下床活动时间、首次排气时间、首次经口进食时间及术后住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。术后72 h,两组QoR-15评分均高于术后24 h(P<0.05),且观察组术后24、72 h QoR-15评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总并发症发生率低于对照组(8.61%vs.22.41%,P<0.05)。结论:多学科围术期疼痛干预可降低VATS术后疼痛,促进术后恢复进程,提升康复质量,并能在一定程度上减少并发症发生。

电视胸腔镜下纵膈肿瘤切除围术期护理敏感指标体系的构建

目的:构建电视胸腔镜下纵膈肿瘤切除围术期护理敏感指标体系,旨在为促进医院专科护理质量的提升提供参考。方法:以“结构-过程-结果”三维质量评价模型为基础框架,通过文献回顾、半结构式访谈和院内专家会议法,初步拟定电视胸腔镜下纵膈肿瘤切除围术期护理质量敏感指标体系,采用德菲尔函询法修改与论证,采用层次分析法确定权重。结果:2轮专家函询问卷的回收率分别为85.71%和100.00%,第2轮函询专家的专家权威系数(Cr)为0.897,指标的重要性均分为4.23~5.00分,变异系数(CV)为0.000~0.147;2轮函询的肯德尔协调系数分别为0.714和0.825(P<0.05)。构建的电视胸腔镜下纵膈肿瘤切除围术期护理敏感指标体系包括3个一级指标、8个二级指标、46个三级指标。结论:构建的电视胸腔镜下纵膈肿瘤切除围术期护理敏感指标体系科学、可靠,筛选出的评价指标可系统地为胸外科专科护理质量的持续改进提供依据。

全胸腔镜肺叶切除术对早期非小细胞肺癌患者miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126及T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的探讨对早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者采用全胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATS)治疗的效果。方法采用随机数字表法将NSCLC患者80例分为2组,各40例,对照组采用开胸手术,观察组采用VATS。比较两组围术期指标、微小核糖核(miR)相关指标及免疫功能指标,并随访1年,统计两组总生存期及无进展生存期。结果观察组住院时间短于对照组,术后引流量及术中出血量均少于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);两组手术时间、淋巴结清扫数目比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05);两组术后miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126水平均较术前升高,且观察组高于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);两组术后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均较术前降低,但观察组高于对照组,两组CD8^(+)水平均较术前升高,但观察组低于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);随访1年,两组无进展生存期及总生存期比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在早期NSCLC患者中采用VATS治疗创伤更小,可有效调节血浆miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126水平,对免疫功能影响小,有利于患者术后尽早恢复。

肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸风险列线图预测模型的构建

目的构建肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸风险列线图预测模型。方法选取2021年8月-2023年2月该院收治的肺癌胸腔镜下肺叶切除术患者160例,随机分为建模组(112例)和验证组(48例),根据是否中转开胸,将建模组分为开胸组和未开胸组;采用多因素Logistic回归模型,分析(Enter法)肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸的危险因素;采用R软件构建列线图模型,评估模型预测效能。结果建模组112例中,有39例发生中转开胸,中转开胸率为34.82%。开胸组和未开胸组年龄、肺结核、肿瘤位置(肺上叶)和胸膜粘连比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥65岁、肺结核、肿瘤位置(肺上叶)和胸膜粘连,是肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸的危险因素(P<0.05)。验证建模组结果,绘制受试者操作特征曲线(ROC curve),曲线下面积(AUC)为0.857,区分度较好,H-L检验提示一致性良好(χ^(2)=5.34,P=0.502)。外部验证的AUC为0.917,区分度较好,H-L检验提示一致性良好(χ^(2)=6.21,P=0.414)。结论年龄≥65岁、肺结核、肿瘤位置(肺上叶)和胸膜粘连,是肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸的危险因素,以此构建的列线图模型,具有良好的区分度和一致性,能直观地预测肺癌患者胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中转开胸的风险。

预防性应用不同剂量羟考酮对胸腔镜手术患者术后疼痛的影响

目的 观察预防应用0.1 mg/kg和0.15 mg/kg不同剂量羟考酮对胸腔镜手术患者术后疼痛的影响。方法 选取2022年1~7月接受胸腔镜手术患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。2组患者均在手术结束前30 min进行预防性镇痛,对照组给予羟考酮0.1 mg/kg静脉注射,观察组羟考酮0.15 mg/kg进行静脉注射。记录2组患者术后1 h、术后6 h、术后12 h和术后24 h的静态疼痛评分(numerical rating scale, NRS)及术后24 h的不良反应发生情况,比较2组胸腔镜手术患者各时间段NRS评分及不良反应发生率。结果 本研究共纳入80例患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,2组患者的年龄、性别比、手术操作时间及出血量等一般情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组与对照组患者在入院时相关生化指标方面的差异比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术后1 h和6 h的NRS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),术后12 h和术后24 h 2组患者NRS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者不良反应发生率及觉醒时间均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在胸腔镜手术患者中预防性应用0.15 mg/kg的盐酸羟考酮可以缓解术后疼痛,且不增加患者不良反应。

胸腔镜肺叶切除术中弓状韧带上腰方肌前侧阻滞的应用价值

目的探究胸腔镜肺叶切除术中弓状韧带上腰方肌前侧阻滞的应用价值。方法前瞻性选取2020年3月至2023年7月在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院接受胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗的患者80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将患者进行分组:对照组40例和研究组40例。对照组患者接受常规静脉镇痛,研究组患者加用弓状韧带上腰方肌前侧阻滞。比较两组患者的临床指标(手术时间、单肺通气时间、出血量、胸腔引流管拔除时间、镇痛补救次数),术后24 h的40项恢复质量量表(QoR-40)评分,进入麻醉恢复室时、进入后30 min及术后12 h、24 h、48 h时的疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]情况,镇痛满意度及不良反应发生情况。结果两组间手术时间、单肺通气时间、出血量及胸腔引流管拔除时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组患者的镇痛追加次数为(1.23±0.34)次,低于对照组[(3.56±0.67)次],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后24 h QoR-40评分在情绪、社交、行为方面评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组舒适度、疼痛及总分分别为(48.98±2.13)、(28.16±1.79)、(165.84±3.03)分,均高于对照组[(46.11±2.02)、(25.65±1.23)、(161.19±4.11)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组在进入麻醉恢复室时、进入后30 min及术后12 h、24 h、48 h时的VAS评分分别为(1.44±0.89)、(1.89±0.56)、(2.65±0.98)、(2.23±0.79)、(1.55±0.89)分,均低于对照组[(1.88±0.98)、(2.31±1.13)、(4.22±1.29)、(3.79±0.89)、(1.99±1.02)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的镇痛满意度为(3.29±0.61)分,高于对照组[(2.56±0.56)分],恶心、呕吐、尿潴留的发生率分别为7.50%、5.00%、2.50%,均低于对照组(25.00%、20.00%、15.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但组间发生呼吸抑制的情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胸腔镜肺叶切除术中采用弓状韧带上腰方肌前侧阻滞可以提供更好的术后镇痛,提高患者的恢复速度,且安全性较高,具有重要的临床应用价值。

竖脊肌平面阻滞在老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者中的应用效果

目的分析竖脊肌平面阻滞在老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的应用效果。方法选取2021年2月—2023年3月胜利油田中心医院行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的98例患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组49例。研究组给予竖脊肌平面阻滞联合无阿片类药物全身麻醉,对照组给予阿片类全身麻醉。比较两组T_(0)(麻醉诱导前)、T_(1)(气管插管时)、T_(2)(切皮时)、T_(3)(手术结束)的平均动脉压、心率,对比两组手术情况、术后疼痛、苏醒期间躁动情况及药物不良反应情况。结果两组T_(0)、T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)的平均动脉压比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的平均动脉压比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组平均动脉压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)两组平均动脉压的变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组T_(0)、T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时刻心率比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的心率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组心率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)两组心率的变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后4、12、24和48 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),研究组低于对照组,相对镇痛效果较好;(3)两组VAS评分的变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组苏醒期躁动发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论竖脊肌平面阻滞用于老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术安全可行,可避免使用阿片类药物,并可减轻术后疼痛,降低苏醒期躁动发生风险,减少围手术期不良反应,有利于患者快速康复。

单孔与双孔电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗肺癌的临床疗效比较

目的探讨单孔与双孔电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗肺癌的临床疗效。方法随机选取2016年1月至2023年1月在武警北京总队医院接受胸腔镜肺叶切除术的患者,根据切除方案的不同分为双孔电视胸腔镜肺叶切除组(n=50,双孔组)和同期接受单孔电视胸腔镜肺叶切除组(n=50,单孔组)。对比手术指标、肺功能指标、并发症及相关检验指标。结果单孔组术中出血量、胸腔引流量,住院时间低于双孔组(P<0.05),手术操作时间高于双孔组;淋巴清扫个数、术前后肺功能差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单孔组并发症发生率低于双孔组(P<0.05);术前EGFR、TGF-α、IGA、IGM差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后双孔组EGFR、TGF-α高于单孔组,IGA、IGM低于单孔组(P<0.05)。结论2种方案对于淋巴清扫数量及术后肺功能恢复效果相近,但单孔手术操作的安全性更高,并发症发生率较低,降低炎性反应,利于术后恢复,具有积极临床使用价值。

前锯肌平面阻滞对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后肺功能和免疫功能的影响

目的比较超声引导下前锯肌平面阻滞(SAPB)对胸腔镜下肺癌根治术后患者肺功能和免疫功能的影响。方法收集2020年1月至2023年2月在河北北方学院附属第一医院接受胸腔镜肺癌手术的135例患者,根据随机数字表法分为3组:对照组(n=45)仅接受全身麻醉,罗哌卡因组(n=45)在接受罗哌卡因局部浸润麻醉,SAPB组(n=45)接受SAPB。比较3组患者临床数据、手术资料,使用视觉模拟量表评分法(VAS)评估患者在静息和咳嗽时的疼痛情况,并收集围术期并发症发生情况。使用流式细胞仪和相应试剂检测患者术前、术后血清中T淋巴细胞亚群的水平、血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、癌胚抗原(CA)125、细胞角蛋白19片段21-1(CYFRA21-1)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平。结果罗哌卡因组和SAPB组术中瑞芬太尼用量均低于对照组,首次按压患者自控镇痛(PCA)泵时间均晚于对照组,术后48小时内PCA泵按压次数均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者不同时间点的静息、咳嗽VAS评分、CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后24小时罗哌卡因组和SAPB组的CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1和NSE水平均低于对照组(P均<0.05)。3组患者不良反应发生率分别为15.56%、4.44%和4.44%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.949,P=0.084)。结论SAPB在提高胸腔镜下肺癌根治术后镇痛效果的同时,对调节患者机体免疫功能,降低血清肿瘤标志物水平有益。

ERAS理念下达芬奇机器人与单孔胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后康复和疼痛的对比研究

目的:对比分析加速康复外科(ERAS)理念下达芬奇机器人辅助胸腔镜手术(RATS)与单孔胸腔镜手术(VATS)患者术后康复和疼痛情况。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月—2022年8月在聊城市人民医院行RATS和单孔VATS的68例患者的临床资料,其中RATS组33例,单孔VATS组35例。两组患者均在ERAS理念下实施多模式镇痛(MMA)管理方案,椎旁神经阻滞(PVB)联合静吸复合全麻,侧卧位下实施手术,术后急性疼痛服务(APS)小组进行两次/天疼痛查房。比较两组患者的一般资料、手术时间、术中镇痛药物用量、术后入麻醉后恢复室(PACU)、术后24 h、48 h和72 h患者的镇痛药物用量、恶心呕吐发生率、术后24 h、48 h和72 h的静息和咳嗽疼痛评分,胸腔引流管的平均拔除时间、术后出院时间和首次下床活动时间。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开胸。RATS组手术时间和麻醉时间长于VATS组;两组患者术后24 h内的静息痛和咳嗽痛评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但RATS组患者术后48 h和72 h的静息痛和咳嗽痛评分低于单孔VATS组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RATS组患者术后48h、72h阿片类药物用量低于单孔VATS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后首次下床活动时间、胸腔引流管拔除时间、出院时间和术后麻醉并发症相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于ERAS理念实施MMA,RATS和单孔VATS有相似的围术期安全性和可靠性,但RATS手术时间、麻醉时间长于单孔VATS组,RATS术后48和72 h内静息、咳嗽疼痛评分和阿片药物用量低于单孔VATS组。