The Interrelationship between Culture and Capital Structure:Evidence from International Retailers

The present study investigates the influence of cultural factors in 2022 on the capital structure of global retailers.There are sixteen retailers from eight countries in the sample.In recent times,numerous academicians have taken an interest in examining the capital structure and business model of retailers,owing to their swift and consistent growth.However,the fact that the majority of research originates from the retailers’host country gives rise to debate regarding the applicability of the capital structure of said retailers to countries with distinct cultural environments.Consequently,academics have begun to investigate whether the capital structure of multinational retailers is impacted by the diversity of national cultures.

Cross-cultural Comparison of Cognitive Structure and Behavior of Waterfront Landscape between Subjects of China,Japan and Britain

In order to explore the cultural value of waterfront in urban landscape,from the perspective of cross-cultural comparison psychology,the subjects from Britain,Japan and China have been surveyed to obtain their cognitive structure and behavior on waterfront landscape.Based on the comparison of quantitative statistic results of life value,cognitive structure of waterfront space,and water-loving,a quantitative analysis has been conducted on the relevance between each factor by using Quantification Theory III.Then,it has analyzed the types and purpose of behavior in waterfront space,and the influence brought by cultural value difference.

The Practice and Method of Integrating Fine Traditional Culture into Data Structure Course Teaching

To capitalize on the primary role of major course teaching and to facilitate students’understanding of abstract concepts in the data structure course,it is essential to increase their interest in learning and develop case studies that highlight fine traditional culture.By incorporating these culture-rich case studies into classroom instruction,we employ a project-driven teaching approach.This not only allows students to master professional knowledge,but also enhances their abilities to solve specific engineering problems,ultimately fostering cultural confidence.Over the past few years,during which educational reforms have been conducted for trial runs,the feasibility and effectiveness of these reform schemes have been demonstrated.

The role of cultural and creative industries in optimizing industrial structure under low-carbon emission constraint

In the post-financial crisis era,China is facing dual pressure from reducing carbon emissions and external demand stagnation.The industrial structure changing is in urgent needs.The cultural and creative industries can expand China's markets through creating and stimulating demands,and can reduce carbon emissions at the same time.By producing both demands and supplies,cultural and creative industries may lead the development of other industries.Since innovation plays a quite important role in the value chain,cultural and creative industries can promote the industrial upgrading and the industrial structure optimization by industrial convergence.

Cultural Influence on Text Structures──A Comparative Study of Chinese and German Routine Narratives

Culturalexchangesenablepeopletorecognizedifferencesbetweentextstructuresindifferentlanguages.Asearlyasthe60's,Kaplanalreadypointedouttheinfluencethatculturehadupontextstructures,butculturalfactorshavenotyetreceiveddueattentioninmanylinguisticwritings...

Cultural Structure of Solar Terms and Traditional Festivals

Solar terms and festivals differ from and relate to each other in terms of application scope and cultural structure.The cultural association and application of the 24 Solar Terms are studied in the areas including philosophy,farming and society,and are exhibited in the natural convergence of views on space and time,life and customs,as well as the facilitation of agricultural practice.The connotations of traditional Chinese festivals concern basic areas such as beliefs,rites,language,symbols,diets and art,which are exhibited in the co-existent "festival tokens," "festival events," "festival messages," "festival symbols," "festival food" and "festival art forms." Festivals feature fixed and periodic occurrence and multi-channel cultural inheritance.

Derivation and Creation of Confucian Cultural Structure and Function Theory from the Theory of Material Structure and Function

By studying the relationship between physical structure and function in physical chemistry, the author breaks through the limitation of the western narrow social and cultural structure and function theory, and further derives and founds the Confucian cultural structure and function theory, thus creating a new research methodology and broadening the research horizon. Through the research, it is found that the Confucian culture structure consists of the hard structure ＂ritual＂ and the soft structure ＂benevolence＂, and based on this constructs three-outline, five- principal, four-moral, eight- virtul, five cardinal principals and other Confucian culture, so that these have a social management function, resulting in a 2000-year stable Chinese social order, which also provides reference for the social management of Chinese government today.

Textual Form and Cultural Affect: William Empson′s Double-Plot and Raymond Williams′s Structure of Feeling

By insisting on the primacy of double-plot, Empson brackets the sometimes deceptive appearances of a text′s content to uncover and disengage the more fundamental double-plot system at work within the defining structure of the text. Empson′s thinking about the reception of double-plot structures enables Raymond Williams′s early formulations of structure of feeling, in particular the gesturing this perplexing, underdeveloped, but persistent concept makes towards understanding collective response to cultural forms. This article explores the implications of the reception of double-plot structures, drawing out the assumptions inscribed in Empson′s claims about processes at work as an audience engages with these dramatic structures.

PCR-DGGE Analysis of Bacterial Communities Structure in Babylonia areolata Culture Systems of The Subtidal Zone and The Pond Mulched Plastic Film and Sand in Bottom

To know the bacterial communities structure in Babylonia areolata culture systems and to research and optimize the management pattem of Babylonia areola-ta culture systems of the pond mulched plastic film and sand in bottom, the bacte- rial communities in Babylonia areolata culture systems of the sub-tidal zone and the pond mulched plastic film and sand in bottom were analyzed at molecular level by adopting the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. The results indicated that the dominant bacterial communities in Babylonia areolata culture systems of the sub-tidal zone and the pond mulched plastic film and sand in bottom, which were built on the basis of the seawater in East-island of Zhanjiang, included Proteobac- teda Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria. The dominant bacterial groups in the above pond culture system were Garnmaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaprotecbacteda, Epsilonproteobacteda, Anaerolineae, Cyanobacteria and Acti- nobacteda. The dominant bacterial communities in the subtidal zone culture system were Gammaprotecbacteda, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae and Cyanobacteda, and there were less Epsilonproteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the culture system. The higher diversity was detected in the above two culture sys- tems. The results of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average （UPG- MA） showed that the bacterial communities of the sediment samples S1 and S2 in the above two culture systems were a cluster, the similarity of bacterial communities was 54.5%. The bacterial communities of seawater samples S3 and S4 in the above culture systems were in clusters, and the similarity of the bacterial communi- ties was 84.0%. The results showed that the microorganism ecological level in the Babylonia areolata culture systems of the pond mulched plastic film and sand in bottom could be similar to the sub-tidal zone culture systems through changing the pond seawater and monitoring the microbial population.

Seeking Development in the Succession——An Analysis of Saussure’s Structuralism and Strauss’ Cultural Structuralism

With an analysis of Saussure's linguistic structuralism and Strauss'cultural structuralism and exploration of their great impact on linguistic and cultural theory respectively, the author of this paper can safely draw the conclusion that "Saussure's perspective was to provide an intellectual seed that was to flower in later decades as structuralism became a general approach to the study of culture". Saussure, together with Lévi- Strauss, opens a new era of structuralism.

Analysis of structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the national intangible cultural heritage in China and its policy implications

Based on an investigation of four published batches listing 3, 140 national intangible cultural heritage(ICH) projects in China and using GIS and some quantitative analysis methods, the spatial structure was investigated and the characteristics and distribution discussed. The distribution of ICHs in China is agglomerative and spatially dependent. From the view of ICH type, each type is distributed in different places, for different reasons, with history being the most important one we found. Nationwide, high-density cores are located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta region. High densities of ICH are concentrated in flat, water-rich regions where broad-leaved forests dominate plains and low mountain areas-areas that have fertile soil, pleasant weather, a long history of culture, ethnic agglomeration, and development. This paper suggests that development of the ICH should be based on discovering unknown items, to break the existing pattern of strong cohesion and high density, and to seek a balanced development of the whole.

Reflections on Chinese Culture from the Perspective of Chinese Conversation Structure

Though Chinese conversation structure has some overlap with the English conversation structure, it has many differences in the details because of the in? uence of unique Chinese culture. This thesis analyses every part of the Chinese conversation structure by listing many concrete examples which reflects how Chinese culture in? uence the Chinese conversation structure.

A Study on the Participation of Foreign Students in Local Cultural and Folk Activities in Wenzhou

The number of foreign students studying in Wenzhou, China has increased dramatically as a result of the Belt and Road Initiative. Learning the motivations and leisure constraints of foreign students' participation in local cultural and folk activities in Wenzhou is beneficial to promoting cultural adaptation, strengthening Chinese cultural self-confidence, and improving Wenzhou's international image. Based on the hierarchical model of leisure constraints (personal constraints, interpersonal constraints, and structural constraints), this study has tended to focus on the leisure constraints for foreign students participating in local folk and cultural activities in Wenzhou. A total of seven participants were included in the analysis.

Properly Understanding Supply–side Structural Reform in the Cultural Sector

The proposal of supply–side structural reform in the cultural sector is based on theoretical inspiration from the economic sector and actual issues in the cultural sector. A proper understanding of the proposal is crucial to the implementation of the reform which should be based on the backgrounds of macroscopic reform and cultural development of the country as well as the need for theoretical innovation. The reform should be carried out with a clear understanding of China's current conditions, a clarification of the reform thinking, the similarities and differences of supply–side structural reforms between the cultural and the economic sectors, as well as an analysis of issues related to the "supply–side" and "structure" in the cultural sector. Concerted efforts from the government through guidance, and market entities through operation should be made to apply appropriately to the reform principle of "unity of doubles effects." Innovations, especially those in technology and institutions, should be promoted as a new momentum to drive cultural development. Concerted efforts from the government and enterprises should underpin optimal supply and a mechanism for competition should be established to ensure effective supply in the cultural sector. In the meantime, the upgrading of demand should be used as a new guidance for effective supply and investment should be oriented to supplement the need for public cultural services. Attention should be paid to a satisfaction–oriented approach to fill the gaps in cultural consumption. For the cultural industry and undertakings, it is now the prime time which brings along great opportunities for development and challenges for reform. From now on the cultural sector should seek its development from transformation and upgrading. Supported by the central government through policy incentives and driven by technological innovations and the capital markets, the cultural industry will maintain stable growth for a relatively long period. In the implementation of supply–side structural reform in a well–organized and all–round way, governments, markets, enterprises, and the industry should each perform their functions and make concerted efforts for innovation to jointly promote the sound development and sustainable growth of the cultural sector.

Structural Preservationm Priority of the Sustainable Management of Bulgarian Cultural and Historical Heritage Buildings

Bulgarian cultural heritage is the most important part of the national wealth and a major factor in the accreditation of the Bulgarian cultural identity. Preservation of cultural and historical heritage valuables of one nation determines its development and presents an integrated project for their use in accordance with the contemporary needs of the society. Sustainable management and adaptation of Bulgarian cultural and historical heritage buildings are a guarantee for preservation of their value, including social, economical, political, scientific, aesthetic, philosophical, spiritual, architectural, structural, archeological and sentimental aspects of this value. Regarding to this, structural preservation presents a priority of the sustainable management of Bulgarian cultural and historical heritage buildings. For that type of buildings, the traditional methods for structural strengthening are not applicable and the development of individual rehabilitation programs is required. They must always reflect the specific conditions and building＇s importance. The existing technical regulations in Bulgaria are presented and general recommendations for their applications and future development are done. Regarding to the Bulgarian current law and governing regulations, the implementation plan for the conservation and management is presented in this paper. Based on the analysis of the principles of the sustainable management and especially of the structural preservation, some general conclusions are made.

The Comparative Study of Two Translated Texts on Huangdirent Translating Styles o'n s Internal Classics——Simple Analysis on the Diffe Culture-Specific Lexicon, Figure of Speech and Four-Chinese-Character Structures

Huangdi's Internal Classics(Neijin) is one of the most important ancient medical classics, which plays far-reaching influence in medical field. More and more domestic and overseas scholars published their translated texts on Neijing. Due to the diversity of editions and different understanding, the translating styles and contents are widely different. This study will focus on the different translating styles on culture-specific lexicon、figure of speech and four-Chinese-character structures in Neijin.

Study on the Hierarchy and Structure of Tourist Landscape Appreciation

Basic attributes of landscape appreciation were summarized as interaction between appreciation subjects and objects,cultural identity and stability,symbolic meaning,preference of subjects,and unification of subjective and objective structures.On this basis,hierarchy and prefe-rence of tourist landscape appreciation were analyzed,classification of cultural groups and their cultural rules would promote landscape appreciation researches,while heterogeneous cultures of tourist landscapes were motives of tourist landscape appreciation,and structural optimization of tourist landscape appreciation would improve the quality of tourist landscape appreciation.Structure of tourist landscape appreciation was discussed according to aesthetic characteristics of tourist landscapes,and three dimensions were included in the structure:"space-scale","time-history" and "mechanism-function".Guided by structuralism aesthetics,planning principles of tourist landscapes were proposed from the perspectives of dimension structure and cultural preference,aesthetic standard of the public and market orientation,symbolism and cultural value.

Structural Analysis of Water-soluble Polysaccharide PIP_1 Extracted from the Cultured Mycelium of Phellinus igniarius

Water-soluble crude polyseccharide（PIP） was extracted from cultured mycelium of the fungus Phellinus igniarius. After ethanol precipitation and sepharose CL-6B gel filtration, the fraction of PIP1 was obtained, which was shown to be a homogeneous polysaccharide by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of PIPt was determined by using several methods. C.,C analysis indicates that PIP1 is composed of the monosaccharides of glucose, galactose, and mannose. Their malar ratio is 3. 70： 4. 06： 1.00. The molar weight was estimated to be 17 kd via HPLC. IR, GC, partial hydrolysis with acid, pefiedate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation, and GC-MS analysis were used for the structural analyses of PIP1. The results show that PIP1 has a small quantity of branch structure, The main glycosidic linkage of PIP1 has a β-configurafion. The main chain is made up of a large mass of glucose （ 1→3 ） and few mannose （ 1→4 ） ; the side chain is composed of glucose （ 1 →3 ） and galactose （ 1→6 ） ; the nonreduced end is composed of galactose and glucose. The side chains are branched at 6-0 of glucose（ 1→3,6） and mannose（1→4,6）. On an average, there are three branches among 20 residues. It is presumable that the existence of 1,3-linked Glc in the main and side chains is the main reason for its higher antitumor activity.

Standing surface acoustic wave-assisted fabrication of patterned microstructures for enhancing cell migration

Microfluidic device with patterned microstructures on the substrate surface was used to regulate cell adhesion,morphology,and functions in tissue engineering.We developed a microfluidic device which employing microscale patterned microstructures to achieve enhanced cell adhesion and migration.Biocompatible hydrogel substrates with micro-wavy and lattice-patterned microstructures were fabricated using standing surface acoustic waves and ultraviolet solidification.After seeding the L929 mouse fibroblast cells onto the patterned substrate of the microfluidic device,we determined that the viability and proliferation rate of cell migration can be greatly enhanced.Furthermore,L929 cells showed two types of gathering modes after 48 h of culturing.Cell growth was guided by the patterned substrate used in the microfluidic device and showed differences in the location distribution.Therefore,the developed microfluidic device with patterned microstructures can extend the application of in vitro cell culturing for future drug development and disease diagnosis.