Studies on the Developmental Genetics of Tiller Number in Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice

Following NCI design, the developmental genetic behavior of tiller number (TN) in three-line indica hybrid rice was studied using additive-dominance developmental genetic models and the corresponding statistical methods. The results showed that dominance effects were predominant for TN. The expression of those additive effects were affected by environment and genotype interaction, but the expression of dominance effects were not affected. Heterosis was the strongest in the middle developmental periods of TN. Additive effects and dominance effects were selectively expressed throughout in the entire tillering developmental stage. Analysis of genetic correlation between TN at different stages and the productive panicles indicated that a close correlation appeared earlier in the populations with higher heterosis than in those with less heterosis. Utilization of heterosis at the middle tillering stage might enhance the final biomass but reduce the percentage of productive panicles.

Suitable growing zone and yield potential for late-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, China

Late-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids series （LMYS） have shown great yield potential, and are being widely planted in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, China. Knowledge about suitable growing zone and evaluation of yield advantage is of practicall importance for LMYS in this region. Fifteen LMYS, two high-yielding inbred japonica check varieties （CK-J） and two high-yielding hybrid indica check varieties （CK-I） were grown at Xinghua （119.57°E, 33.05°N） of Lixiahe region, Yangzhou （119.25°E, 32.30°N）of Yanjiang region, Changshu （120.46°E, 31.41°N）of Taihu Lake region, and Ningbo （121.31°E, 29.45°N） of Ningshao Plain in 2013 and 2014. The results showed that maturity dates of the 15 were later than the secure maturity date at Xinghua and 6, 14 and 15 LMYS were mature before the secure maturity date at Yangzhou, Changshu and Ningbo, respectively. One variety was identified as high-yielding variety among LMYS （HYYS） at Yangzhou, 8 HYYS in 201：3 and 9 HYYS in 2014 at Changshu, 9 HYYS at Ningbo. HYYS here referred to the variety among LMYS that was mature before the secure maturity date and had at least 8% higher grain yield than both CK-J and CK-I at each experimental site. Grain yield of HYYS at each experimental site was about 12.0 t ha-1 or higher, and was significantly higher than CK varieties. High yield of HYYS was mainly attributed to larger sink size due to more spikelets per panicle. Plant height of HYYS was about 140 cm, and was significantly higher than check varieties. Significant positive correlations were recorded between duration from heading to maturity stage and grain yield, and also between whole growth periods and grain yield. HYYS had obvious advantage over check varieties in biomass accumulation and leaf area duration from heading to maturity stage. Comprehensive consideration about safe matudty and yield performance of LMYS at each experimental site, Taihu Lake region （representative site Changshu） and Ningshao Plain （representative site Ningbo） were thought suitable growing zones for LMYS in the lower reaches of Yangtze River. The main factors underlying high yield ofHYYS were larger sink size, higher plant height, longer duration from heading to maturity stage and whole growth periods, and higher biomass accumulation and leaf area duration during grain filling stage.

Breeding and Seed Production Techniques of New Aromatic Danxiangyouzhenliang Rice Variety with Good Quality and High Yield

Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is a high-quality rice variety derived from the hybrid breeding of Danxiang 12A and Xianghuixiangmiao R133.Its unique temperature-sensitive three-line characteristics endow it with significant advantages of high and stable yield,and its rice fragrance is exquisite and its taste is delicate.Danxiangyouzhenliang rice showed good resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight.On June 10,2021,Danxiangyouzhenliang rice passed the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval(Guishendao 2021074).Danxiangyouzhenliang rice is suitable to be planted as early and late rice in southern,central and northern Guangxi.This study summarized the breeding process and high-yielding seed production techniques of Danxiangyouzhenliang rice,in order to provide useful reference for rice breeders and growers.

Resistance Evaluation of Some Hybrid Rice, Conventional Early Indica and Late Japonica Rice to Magnaporthe grisea

Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes and some hybrid rices, conventional early indica and late japonica varieties cultivated recently in China. Virulence spectrum of the 30 isolates was very different, showing that they recognize numerous different resistance genes. Varieties also revealed very different resistance patterns showing that they carry different resistance genes or combinations of resistance genes. On the basis of comparisons with international differential varieties with known resistance genes, resistance genes in certain Chinese varieties could be speculated. The results indicated that some of them were resistant to most of the isolates tested and that they could be of interest as resistance sources for hybrid parents or to be planted in the field directly.

Comparative Test of New Late Indica Hybrid Rice Combinations with Good Quality

[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen rice varieties suitable for planting in Nanchang City with high quality,high yield,good yield,and strong disease and stress resistance.[Methods]Seven new late indica hybrid rice combinations with good quality bred in Jiangxi Province in recent years and seven new late indica hybrid rice combinations with good quality bred by Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences were introduced,and compared with Tianyouhuazhan as a control.[Results]The rice quality and taste of the tested combinations were better than those of the control.Among the tested combinations,Yuliangyoufuxiangzhan,Xintaiyousizhan,Yuxiangliangyou No.8 and Guangheyou 33 had good stress resistance,high yield and good rice quality.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of new rice varieties in Nanchang City.

On Significance of Heterotic Group Theory in Hybrid Rice Breeding

Heterotic group theory （HGT） has played a major role in supporting hybrid maize breeding for about 100 years. The basic content and studies of HGT, and its application in rice and maize were summarized in this paper. Additionally, difficulties and challenges for hybrid rice breeding in China were analyzed, and necessity and urgency in hybrid rice breeding by using HGT were proposed.

Status and Prospects of Hybrid Rice Breeding in Jiangsu, China

Research on hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province, China began in 1970. Great progress has been made since then, which can be divided into three stages according to the development of hybrid rice breeding and production in Jiangsu Province. The first stage was beginning stage from 1970 to 1980, when progress was mainly made in cytoplasmic male sterile line breeding. The second stage could be described as developing stage, from 1980 to 1995, when indica hybrid rice was rapidly popularized, and japonica hybrid rice became popular later. From 1996, hybrid rice breeding in Jiangsu Province entered the third stage, when both indica and japonica hybrid rice breeding in the three-line system or intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding in the two-line system made a great breakthrough with the successful breeding of the hybrids Feyou 559, 9 You 138 and Liangyoupeijiu. The developing trend of hybrid rice breeding in Jiangsu Province is also discussed.

High-yielding Seed Production Techniques of New Hybrid Rice Combination-Chuanxiang No.2058

Chuanxiang No.2058 is a new combination of three-line late indica hybrid rice bred based on sterile line Chuanxiang 29A and restorer Qiannanhui No.2058. In order to promote its application, seed production techniques of Chuanxiang No.2058 were explored during 2009-2010. The research detailed the seed production tech- niques from selection of seed production bases, rational arrangement of sowing gap stage, seedling cultivation in different stages, scientific arrangement of male/female parents, management of fertilizer and water, adjustment of florescence, artificial pol- lination, comprehensive treatment of disease and pest damages, and timely control- ling of abnormal and poorly-qualified rice.

High-yield Production Techniques of High-quality and Early Maturity Hybrid Rice Xiangzaoyou 2017

Xiangzaoyou 2017 is an excellent early maturing variety bred from the combination of Neixiang 3A and the self-fertile restorer QN 2017 by Qiannan Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Guizhou Province,and it has been approved by the Guizhou Crop Variety Approval Committee( Approval No.: Qianshendao 2006001).In order to promote its application in production,the research on the seed production techniques of Xiangzaoyou 2017 was carried out,and the key technical points of high-yield seed production of Xiangzaoyou 2017 were put forward.

Hybrid Rice Research and Development in China and Its New Progress

Hybrid rice's history and its development up to date are described in the paper. Compared with the conventional rice, hybrid rice can increase grain yield by about 20%. Hybrid rice breeding in China has been advancing along the three-line method, to two-line method, to super high-yielding rice application strategically and its success in higher degree will be seen by the utilization of distant heterosis cooperated with biotechnology.

杂交晚籼稻新组合乐优97的选育及栽培制种技术

乐优97是由合肥丰乐种业股份有限公司利用自育的三系不育系409A与恢复系R977杂交选育而成的高产、优质、抗倒杂交晚籼稻新组合,于2022年通过了国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文详细介绍了乐优97的选育过程和特征特性,并总结了乐优97优质高产栽培技术及其制种技术关键要点,以期为该产品的大规模推广种植提供参考。

连作晚稻品种生长特性及产量比较

针对连作晚稻季节紧、产量低的问题,比较6个高产杂交稻品种的生长特性和产量。结果表明,甬优59、华中优9326、嘉丰优2号和甬优31每667 m^(2)产量分别较对照品种甬优1540提高12.0%、14.0%、15.4%和16.4%。嘉丰优2号和华中优9326产量较对照品种增产的主要原因是每穗粒数和千粒重提高,甬优31和甬优59产量较甬优1540增产的主要原因是每穗粒数提高。供试品种的生育期较对照品种延长1~6 d。生产上可根据早晚稻品种的生育期进行搭配,选用生长期适宜的杂交稻品种作连作晚稻机插种植。

杂交晚粳稻新品种的灰色综合评判筛选

对30个杂交晚粳稻新品种进行单晚栽培筛选,并用灰色综合评判法对8项性状进行综合评判,结果表明:甬优1540、甬优12等10个品种的灰色综合评判值(G)>0.65,为优等品种;甬优69、甬优15等11个品种的G介于0.60~0.65,为良等品种;甬优7826、甬优1516等9个品种的G<0.60,为差等品种。据此,提出甬优1540、甬优12、甬优7850等10个综合性状优良品种可在浙北嘉兴生产应用。

优质杂交晚籼稻新组合色香优明月丝苗的选育与应用

色香优明月丝苗是湖南粮安科技股份有限公司、广西绿海种业有限公司、江西天稻粮安种业有限公司等单位利用优质香型不育系色香A与恢复系R明月丝苗配组选育而成的优质籼型杂交晚稻新组合,于2023年分别通过国家、江西省和湖南省农作物品种审定。本文介绍了该品种的选育过程、特征特性及栽培制种技术要点。

钵苗机插对不同杂交晚稻品种产量及品质的影响

钵苗机插技术在水稻上广泛应用。2021年选用中浙优8号、泰两优217、嘉丰优2号、甬优15等4个杂交晚稻品种,分析比较钵苗机插与毯苗机插2种育秧机插方式对不同单季晚稻品种秧苗素质、产量构成及稻米品质的影响。钵苗机插能够实现水稻增产,主要是由于钵苗秧苗素质好,干物质积累多,机插发棵早,穗粒数显著增加,结实率和千粒重稳定。但稻米品质改善效果不明显,只减少了垩白度。深入研究钵苗机插技术对水稻产量及稻米品质的影响,筛选适合钵苗机插的优质单季晚稻品种,达到优质、稳产、节本的目的,为钵苗机插的推广提供技术路径。

优质高产杂交晚稻玺优651的栽培与制种技术

玺优651是黄冈市农业科学院利用不育系玺A与自选恢复系GR651组配而成的优质高产杂交晚稻组合。介绍了玺优651的品种特性、栽培技术要点和制种技术要点。

优质中籼迟熟三系杂交水稻宜优8605的选育与应用

宜优8605是宜宾市农业科学院用自育优质恢复系宜恢8605与自育优质不育系宜香1A组配育成的三系杂交水稻新品种,于2022年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:川审稻20222022)。该品种不仅具有产量高(生产试验较对照增产5.86%)、适应性广(2年区域试验的增产点率分别为67%、89%)、稳产性好(2年区域试验都表现为增产,分别增产1.46%、5.01%)等特点,而且稻米品质达到农业行业NY/T 593—2013《食用稻品种品质》标准2级。本文介绍了宜优8605的选育过程、品种特征及高产栽培与制种技术要点。

永定区优质杂交水稻新品种对比试验

为筛选适合于龙岩市永定区种植的高产、优质水稻新品种,2021年引进8个杂交水稻新品种在永定区仙师镇大岭村进行对比试验,以中浙优8号为对照。结果表明:岑两优1810、原两优越丰占、山两优明占表现综合性状比较好,适宜在永定区推广种植。简述了各参试品种在仙师镇大岭村的种植表现。

永春县优质杂交晚稻新品种筛选与鉴定

为了筛选鉴定出适宜永春县种植的高产、优质、抗性强的杂交晚稻新品种,2022年永春县从广西绿海种业有限公司等单位引进野香优676、更香优703、野香优雅珍、山两优玉丝等9个优质晚稻品种进行筛选试验,以荃优822为对照,通过对各品种生育期、产量及其构成因素、抗逆性等方面进行比较分析。结果表明:山两优玉丝产量最高,产量为7284.75 kg·hm^(-2),比对照荃优822增产86.1 kg,增产幅度1.19%,且综合性状表现突出,可扩大示范推广种植。野香优676、更香优703产量位居第2、3位,增产幅度1.04%和0.44%,综合性状表现较好,也可进一步示范推广应用。

高档优质杂交晚稻星泰优018高产栽培及示范

三系杂交中熟晚稻新品种星泰优018(湘审稻2021035)米质优,熟期短,丰产性好。为了探究星泰优018在湘北地区优质高产栽培技术,2021年、2022年连续两年在湖南省汨罗市进行了高产试种示范,汨罗试种示范2a,表现为高产优质抗倒伏,符合湘北地区双季晚稻对品种产量、米质、熟期要求,是适合湘北地区“早专晚优”推广模式理想双季优质晚稻组合。本文总结了该品种2021年、2022年在汨罗市优质高产栽培及示范的技术要点,以供湘北地区优质杂交晚稻栽培推广参考。