A single-station or monostatic lightning detection and ranging system (M-LDARS),that is based on Wait's wave propagation theory and arrival-time differences between sky- and ground-wave atmospherics,has been devel...A single-station or monostatic lightning detection and ranging system (M-LDARS),that is based on Wait's wave propagation theory and arrival-time differences between sky- and ground-wave atmospherics,has been developed by the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC).Lightning location by the system was compared with a three-station lightning location (TLL) system during July and August 1991 in Beijing,under the support of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS).The experimental results show that M-LDARS system can be used to observe direction,distance,intensity and polarity of cloud-to-ground strokes with good confidence for ranges less than about 250 km.90 percent of M-LDARS location points were within radar echoes,i.e.about 90% of the points were in- side of the 0 dB isoline or outside,but within 10 km of the 0 dB isopleth.Average direction deviation and relative aver- age deviation of distance between the single- and three-station measurements are respectively 12.8° and 14.1%.展开更多
In this paper, we focus on the space-inhomogeneous three-state on the one-dimension lattice, a one-phase model and a two-phase model include. By using the transfer matrices method by Endo et al., we calculate the stat...In this paper, we focus on the space-inhomogeneous three-state on the one-dimension lattice, a one-phase model and a two-phase model include. By using the transfer matrices method by Endo et al., we calculate the stationary measure for initial state concrete eigenvalue. Finally we found the transfer matrices method is more effective for the three-state quantum walks than the method obtained by Kawai et al.展开更多
2019年4月19日20时—4月26日07时,台湾海峡西岸发生了一次严重海雾事件,通过海西沿海的自动气象站数据进行了海雾生消规律研究。海雾集中于02时至08时发生,其生成时间越接近清晨,持续时间越短。海雾多为本地生成,部分站点海雾为传播而...2019年4月19日20时—4月26日07时,台湾海峡西岸发生了一次严重海雾事件,通过海西沿海的自动气象站数据进行了海雾生消规律研究。海雾集中于02时至08时发生,其生成时间越接近清晨,持续时间越短。海雾多为本地生成,部分站点海雾为传播而形成且南北海雾之间关联性不大。海雾发生前能见度均快速下降,海雾消亡后能见度快速上升。当海雾生成时,陆表温度–气温LST-T(LST,land surface temperature;T,temperature)在-1.7~2℃之间,陆表温度–露点温度LST-Td(dewpoint temperature,Td)在-1~2.7℃之间,T-Td在0.2~1℃之间,海雾维持阶段相对湿度(relative humility,RH)≥96%。在水汽丰沛的大背景下,海雾生成与发展与风速的关系较为密切,与风向的关系较弱。结合Himawari-8卫星影像与ERA5(European centre for fifth generation of atmospheric reanalysis)再分析资料对本次海雾过程的特征进行了分析。卫星影像给出了本次过程的影响范围和生消特点。环流形势表明,500h Pa上福建处于槽后脊前弱西南气流控制下。850h Pa和925h Pa高度场上均受西南气流的影响,带来了充沛的水汽,根据海气状况分析此次海雾类型为平流雾。展开更多
文摘A single-station or monostatic lightning detection and ranging system (M-LDARS),that is based on Wait's wave propagation theory and arrival-time differences between sky- and ground-wave atmospherics,has been developed by the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC).Lightning location by the system was compared with a three-station lightning location (TLL) system during July and August 1991 in Beijing,under the support of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS).The experimental results show that M-LDARS system can be used to observe direction,distance,intensity and polarity of cloud-to-ground strokes with good confidence for ranges less than about 250 km.90 percent of M-LDARS location points were within radar echoes,i.e.about 90% of the points were in- side of the 0 dB isoline or outside,but within 10 km of the 0 dB isopleth.Average direction deviation and relative aver- age deviation of distance between the single- and three-station measurements are respectively 12.8° and 14.1%.
文摘In this paper, we focus on the space-inhomogeneous three-state on the one-dimension lattice, a one-phase model and a two-phase model include. By using the transfer matrices method by Endo et al., we calculate the stationary measure for initial state concrete eigenvalue. Finally we found the transfer matrices method is more effective for the three-state quantum walks than the method obtained by Kawai et al.
文摘2019年4月19日20时—4月26日07时,台湾海峡西岸发生了一次严重海雾事件,通过海西沿海的自动气象站数据进行了海雾生消规律研究。海雾集中于02时至08时发生,其生成时间越接近清晨,持续时间越短。海雾多为本地生成,部分站点海雾为传播而形成且南北海雾之间关联性不大。海雾发生前能见度均快速下降,海雾消亡后能见度快速上升。当海雾生成时,陆表温度–气温LST-T(LST,land surface temperature;T,temperature)在-1.7~2℃之间,陆表温度–露点温度LST-Td(dewpoint temperature,Td)在-1~2.7℃之间,T-Td在0.2~1℃之间,海雾维持阶段相对湿度(relative humility,RH)≥96%。在水汽丰沛的大背景下,海雾生成与发展与风速的关系较为密切,与风向的关系较弱。结合Himawari-8卫星影像与ERA5(European centre for fifth generation of atmospheric reanalysis)再分析资料对本次海雾过程的特征进行了分析。卫星影像给出了本次过程的影响范围和生消特点。环流形势表明,500h Pa上福建处于槽后脊前弱西南气流控制下。850h Pa和925h Pa高度场上均受西南气流的影响,带来了充沛的水汽,根据海气状况分析此次海雾类型为平流雾。
