Role of secondary metabolites of wild marigold in suppression of Johnson grass and Sun spurge

Objective: To analyze the wild marigold [(Tagetes minuta L.)(T. minuta)] leaf extract with respect to phytochemicals and allelopathic activity. Methods: The aqueous extracts of T. minuta leaves at concentrations of 50%, 75% and 100% were prepared. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out and then allelopathic ef ect of T. minuta on root length, shoot length, germination, fresh and dry weight of Johnson grass and Sun spurge was tested on i lter paper and in soil.Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, l avonoides and terpenoids. The higher concentrations proved to be signii cantly ef ective in reducing almost all the parameters of Sun spurge and Johnson grass in i lter paper bioassay. Supplemented with the soil, all concentrations of leaf extract showed reduction in germination, root and shoot growth, fresh and dry weight of Sun spurge; however, 100% concentration signii cantly reduced the germination of Johnson grass. Conclusions: This study suggests that marigold allelochemicals can be used as an integrated weed management for the production of better crop yield.

不同施肥处理对续随子产量的影响

研究了不同施肥处理对续随子生物产量及经济产量的影响。结果表明,在供试土壤肥力基础上,氮肥的供应是续随子产量形成的主要限制因子,施用氮肥可显著增加续随子生物产量及经济产量;氮肥配施钾肥的增产效果优于配施磷肥;不施氮肥而单施磷、钾肥对提高续随子产量效果不大。

寒地垂直绿化的资源植物——地锦

地锦作为适应性很强的攀援植物,在北方寒地的垂直绿化中有着广泛用前的应景。

肇庆七星岩大戟科植物及其造景特点

对肇庆七星岩大戟科植物及其园林特性进行了调查,结果表明七星岩大戟科植物种类较丰富,共计有11属、14种.其中性状为灌木的植物最多,其次为乔木,草本植物只有1种.大戟科植物中变叶木、红背桂、红桑在七星岩景观建设中发挥了特别重要的作用.在简述大戟科植物生物学和生态学特性的基础上,分析了其在七星岩中的园林配置形式和应用价值,并根据当地实际条件提出了保护和开发应用建议.

黄鼠树引种及栽培试验

报道了引进的能源植物黄鼠树的形态特征、生物学特性以及在引种地的适应性。从试验地的生长情况看,播种时间以10月上中旬为宜,充分成熟后,收获时间为次年7月上旬。4月份为叶片和高生长最快期。试验结果表明,黄鼠树是一个值得推荐的能源植物。

民族药小飞扬草薄层色谱鉴别方法的研究

目的:建立小飞扬草的薄层鉴别方法。方法:采用不同的展开系统对小飞扬草进行了薄层鉴别的研究。结果:以三氯甲烷-醋酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸(3:1.5:0.3:0.3)为展开剂时,分离效果较好。结论:此法具有简便、专属的特点,可用于小飞扬草药材的鉴别。

Searching for Chinese Medicinal Plants in Greek Classical Medicine: A First Approach

This article examines the presence and uses of plants attested in the Chinese medical tradition in the materia medica literature of classical antiquity.It is based on the consultation of the major ancient compilations on materia medica of Chinese medicine and classical antiquity,specifically Bencao Gangmu by Li Shizhen(16th cent.)and De materia medica by Dioscorides(1st cent.A.D.).The article is divided in three major parts:the identification of plants used in the Chinese medical tradition in the medicine of the Mediterranean World in Antiquity;the analysis of the knowledge of these plants and their origin in classical antiquity;a comparison of the uses of these plants in the Bencao Gangmu and De materia medica.It traces the presence of plants of the Chinese medical tradition in Classical antiquity.Although their exact origin was not known,they were reputed at that time to be native to either India or the Black Sea,two areas that correspond to the ending points of the Silk Road.As for their uses in both traditions,they correspond for some plants,whereas they do not for others because either the uses attested in the Chinese tradition were not preserved on the Mediterranean or different uses appeared in the Mediterranean tradition.These differentiated uses hint at both continuities and ruptures,with the latter resulting from the long journey of the plants from the Chinese World to the Mediterranean and,at the same time,attempts aimed to diversify and optimize the applications of non-native medicinal substances.

中药十八反甘草组临床应用调查研究

目的：探析十八反甘草药组临床应用规律。方法：检索某省级三甲医院近3年来（2009.11—2012.11）十八反甘草组应用情况,并对其进行分析、归纳和总结。结果：与甘草临床同用频率依次为海藻〉醋甘遂〉醋大戟〉醋芫花,且海藻占八成以上,甘遂、大戟和芫花均用其醋炙品。就配比而言,除了海藻用量常超过炙甘草（常为炙甘草的2~3倍）外,醋甘遂、醋芫花和醋大戟的用量均常低于炙甘草,且均常为炙甘草用量的1/10最多见。就与甘草组十八反药组配伍的药物情况而言,与炙甘草反药组配伍前6名的药物分别为茯苓、桂枝、白芍、牡丹皮、炒桃仁和红参。结论：在十八反甘草组中,与甘草配伍应用最多的为海藻,而甘遂、大戟等的配伍在临床上均有应用,说明了十八反同方应用在临床中也是客观存在的,并非绝对的配伍禁忌。本研究将对甘草组十八反药组临床应用组方具有一定的指导意义。

内蒙古草原乳浆大戟及其天敌

中、美、加三国杂草生物防治专家1981～1991年在中国内蒙古鄂尔多斯、锡林郭勒、呼和浩特、赤峰及科尔沁草原等地进行的乳浆大戟及其天敌调查。调查表明乳浆大戟在上述地区发生普遍、并具有丰富的天敌群落和优势种。在鄂尔多斯高原的沙化草场,乳浆大戟形成较密集的群落,天敌种群密度大,对该草控制力强。而在科尔沁草原,大戟往往呈零星分布,天敌种群密度较小,调查发现了乳浆大戟天敌14种。

中国北方苜蓿锈病发生与乳浆大戟的关系

苜蓿锈病的转主寄主——乳浆大戟，是我国北方苜蓿种植区的常见杂草之一。有锈病发生的苜蓿地内及附近的乳浆大戟，常常受到锈菌侵染，其感染率大约２０％左右。感染苜蓿锈菌的乳浆大戟是我国北方苜蓿早期发病的初侵染来源。５月中旬，在呼和浩特地区感病的乳浆大戟上可见锈孢子产生，６月上旬感病乳浆大戟附近的苜蓿植株开始发病。室内接种试验证明，乳浆大戟上的锈孢子，可以引起苜蓿发病，其潜育期８～９天。铲除苜蓿田内及附近的大戟属植物，应是我国北方苜蓿锈病综合防治的重要措施之一。

恶性杂草乳浆大戟上的一种重要天敌锈菌

乳浆大戟是我国草原及北美大平原上的一种恶性杂草，有广泛的分布，特别是在草原地区传播、蔓延、侵占草场，取代有经济价值的植物种群。由于该草终生有毒，无放牧及饲用价值，给草地畜牧业造成不良影响，使草地生态条件恶化，生产力下降。因此，寻找安全、经济、有效的防治措施和方法，是很有必要的。在近年的杂草天敌资源调查研究中，我们发现了寄生于乳浆大戟上的重要病原物——大戟栅锈菌，该菌寄主范围狭窄，专化性、致病性强，常可引起恶性杂草乳浆大戟的苗期或成株期的植株枯萎死亡。从控制乳浆大戟草危害这个角度看，该菌是一种有重要研究和应用价值的杂草天敌资源。

Two new myrinsol diterpenoids from Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam.

Two new myrinsol diterpenoids, euphordracunculins A（1） and B（2）, together with three known analogues, euphorprolitherin B（3）, proliferins A（4） and B（5）,were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the aerial parts of Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis（NMR and ESI-MS） and comparison with data reported in the literature.