The Effect of Predictive Nursing Intervention on Cardiac Function and Clinical Outcomes in CCU Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction After Interventional Therapy

Objective:To evaluate the impact of predictive nursing on the care of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients in the Coronary Care Unit(CCU)after interventional therapy.Methods:From September 2021 to September 2023,84 AMI patients admitted to the CCU were randomly divided into two groups:the experimental group(42 patients)received predictive nursing,and the reference group(42 patients)received conventional nursing.Cardiac function and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.Results:Before nursing,there was no difference in cardiac function between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the cardiac function of the experimental group was better than that of the reference group(P<0.05).The clinical outcomes of the experimental group were better than those of the reference group(P<0.05).Before nursing,there was no difference in psychological scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the psychological scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Predictive nursing can improve the cardiac function and clinical outcomes of AMI patients after interventional therapy and can also regulate patients’negative psychological states.

Effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide on serum inflammatory factors, neuroendocrine hormones and cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure

Objective:To investigate the effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on inflammatory factors, neuroendocrine hormones and cardiac function indexes in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure.Methods:A total of91 cases of acute myocardial infarction with heart failure patients were divided into the control group (n=44) and observation group (n=47) according to the random data table, two groups of patients were given conventional treatment, based on this, the control group was given intravenous infusion of Nitroglycerin Injection treatment, the observation group received intravenous injection of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide treatment, compared serum inflammatory factors, neuroendocrine hormone and cardiac function and other indexes of two groups before and after treatment.Results: there was no significant difference between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP, IL-6, MCP-1, LVESD and LVEDD in the two groups were significantly lower than those within the group before treatment, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group;The two groups after treatment LVEF levels were significantly higher than those in the group before treatment, and the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group;the observation group after treatment PRA, Ang II and ALD and NE levels were significantly lower than those before treatment, and was significantly lower than the control group after treatment, the difference was significant, PRA, Ang, ALD and NE levels of control group before and after the treatment was no significant difference.Conclusion:recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction with heart failure can effectively reduce the serum inflammatory factors and neuroendocrine hormone levels, improve heart function, and have a certain clinical value.

Clinical study on the effect of Tongxinluo combined with trimetazidine on cardiac function in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Tongxinluo combined with trimetazidine on cardiac function in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention.Method: From March 2014 to September 2016, we selected 190 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with percutaneous coronary intervention, according to the admission time is divided into observation group and control group, the control group was treated with conventional therapy (aspirin, isosorbide dinitrate, metoprolol tartrate, clopidogrel sulfate, captopril, atorvastatin calcium and diuretics) and trimetazidine, observation group in the control group based on Tongxinluo combined treatment, each group of 95 cases, and hs-CRP, aldosterone, NT-proBNP, TNF-α, IL-6, and cardiac function (LVEDV,LVESV,LVEF,SV) were compared.Result: The Hs-CRP in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group;The aldosterone in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group;The levels of NT-proBNP, TNF-α and IL-6 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group;LVVEV and LVESV were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, LVEF and SV were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusion:Tongxinluo combined with trimetazidine in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with clinical effect is better, stable plaque, effectively improve microcirculation and cardiac function, recommended a wide range of clinical application.

Effect of spironolactone on cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND:Few studies have reported the effect of aldosterone receptor antagonist(ARA) on myocardial remodeling after acute myocardial infarction(AMI).This study was undertaken to investigate the preventive effect of ARA on myocardial remodeling after AMI.METHODS:A total of 616 patients who had been admitted into the CCU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2008 to January 2010 were studied prospectively.Only 528 patients were observed completely,including 266 of the control group and 262 of the treatment group.There was no statistical difference in age,gender,medical history,admission situation,and treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).The preventive effects of spironolactone on cardiac remodeling,left ventricular function,renal function and blood levels of potassium were evaluated by echocardiography,serum potassium and serum creatinine at one-month and one-year follow-up.RESULTS:The echocardiography indicators such as LVESD,LVEDD,LVEF,LAD-ML and LADSI were significantly improved in the treatment group compared with the control group at one year(P<0.05).In the treatment group,LVESD,LVEDD,LVPWT,LVEF,LAD-ML and LAD-SI were more significantly improved at one year than one month(P<0.05,P=0.007 to LVEF),and in the control group LVEF was more significantly improved at one year than one month(P=0.0277).There were no significant differences in serum potassium and serum creatinine levels between the two groups.CONCLUSION:On the basis of conventional treatment,the early combination of low-dose spironolactone(20 mg/d) could inhibit cardiac remodeling at late stage and prevent heart fadure.

Effects of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills on Ventricular Remodeling and Cardiac Function after Acute Anterior Wall ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction(CODE-AAMI):Protocol for a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background:Ventricular remodeling after acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(AAMI)is an important factor in occurrence of heart failure which additionally results in poor prognosis.Therefore,the treatment of ventricular remodeling needs to be further optimized.Compound Danshen Dripping Pills(CDDP),a traditional Chinese medicine,exerts a protective effect on microcirculatory disturbance caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.Objective:This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CDDP in improving ventricular remodeling and cardiac function after AAMI on a larger scale.Methods:This study is a multi-center,randomized,doubleblind,placebo-controlled,parallel-group clinical trial.The total of 268 patients with AAMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(pPCI)will be randomly assigned 1:1 to the CDDP group(n=134)and control group(n=134)with a follow-up of 48 weeks.Both groups will be treated with standard therapy of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),with the CDDP group administrating 20 tablets of CDDP before pPCI and 10 tablets 3 times daily after pPCI,and the control group treated with a placebo simultaneously.The primary endpoint is 48-week echocardiographic outcomes including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(LVEDVI),and left ventricular end-systolic volume index(LVESVI).The secondary endpoint includes the change in N terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level,arrhythmias,and cardiovascular events(death,cardiac arrest,or cardiopulmonary resuscitation,rehospitalization due to heart failure or angina pectoris,deterioration of cardiac function,and stroke).Investigators and patients are both blinded to the allocated treatment.Discussion:This prospective study will investigate the efficacy and safety of CDDP in improving ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in patients undergoing pPCI for a first AAMI.Patients in the CDDP group will be compared with those in the control group.If certified to be effective,CDDP treatment in AAMI will probably be advised on a larger scale.(Trial registration No.NCT05000411)

Effects of Tongguan Capsule(通冠胶囊)on Post-myocardial Infarction Ventricular Remodeling and Cardiac Function in Rats

Objective：To observe the effects of Tongguan Capsule（通冠胶囊,TGC） on post-myocardial infarction ventricular remodeling and heart function in rats.Methods：A rat model of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） was established by coronary ligation.Experimental rats were randomized to 4 groups including three model groups（Group A：captopril 5 mg/kg·day,n=7;Group B：TGC 10 g/kg·day,n=7;and Group C：placebo, n=8）,and a sham-control group（Group D：blank control,n=6）.Animals were treated for 4 weeks.The cardiac function of rats was assessed at the end of the experiment based on left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） and left ventricular short axis fractional shortening（LVFS） detected by colored echocardiography;meanwhile, the condition of ventricular remodeling was observed through the levels of left ventricular mass（LVM）,plasma aldosterone（ALD）,myocardial angiotensinⅡ（AngⅡ） and myocardial collagen measurements.Results：At the end of the experiment,LVEF and LVFS in Group A and B were improved significantly,while those in Group C were unchanged,the LVEF in Group A,B,C,and D was 0.57±0.46,0.61±0.08,0.36±0.55 and 0.76±0.02,respectively;and their LVFS was 0.31±0.52,0.34±0.04,0.23±0.57 and 0.45±0.03,respectively.The difference was statistically significant when comparing the two indexes in Group A and B with those in Group C and D（P〈0.05）.LVM,levels of plasma ALD and myocardial AngⅡwere lower in Group A and B than in Group C,but a comparison between Group A and B showed an insignificant difference in lowering LVM and ALD,while the lowering of AngⅡwas more significant in Group B than in Group A（754.7±18.7 pg/mL vs 952.6±17.6 pg/ mL,P〈0.05）.Morphological examination showed that in Group A and B the swollen myocardial cells had shrunk, with regularly arranged myocardial fibers and decreased collagen proliferation,but the improvements in Group B were more significant.Conclusion：TGC could markedly improve the post-infarction ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in rats,showing that the efficacy was better than or equal to that of captopril.

Not all arrestins are created equal: Therapeutic implications of the functional diversity of the β-arrestins in the heart

The two ubiquitous, outside the retina, G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)adapter proteins, β-arrestin-1 and-2(also known as arrestin-2 and-3,respectively), have three major functions in cells: GPCR desensitization, i.e.,receptor decoupling from G-proteins; GPCR internalization via clathrin-coated pits; and signal transduction independently of or in parallel to G-proteins. Bothβ-arrestins are expressed in the heart and regulate a large number of cardiac GPCRs. The latter constitute the single most commonly targeted receptor class by Food and Drug Administration-approved cardiovascular drugs, with about onethird of all currently used in the clinic medications affecting GPCR function.Since β-arrestin-1 and-2 play important roles in signaling and function of several GPCRs, in particular of adrenergic receptors and angiotensin II type 1 receptors,in cardiac myocytes, they have been a major focus of cardiac biology research in recent years. Perhaps the most significant realization coming out of their studies is that these two GPCR adapter proteins, initially thought of as functionally interchangeable, actually exert diametrically opposite effects in the mammalian myocardium. Specifically, the most abundant of the two β-arrestin-1 exerts overall detrimental effects on the heart, such as negative inotropy and promotion of adverse remodeling post-myocardial infarction(MI). In contrast, β-arrestin-2 is overall beneficial for the myocardium, as it has anti-apoptotic and antiinflammatory effects that result in attenuation of post-MI adverse remodeling,while promoting cardiac contractile function. Thus, design of novel cardiac GPCRligands that preferentially activate β-arrestin-2 over β-arrestin-1 has the potential of generating novel cardiovascular therapeutics for heart failure and other heart diseases.

秋水仙碱通过激动PI3K/AKT/eNOS信号通路对急性心肌梗死大鼠心功能的影响

目的:探究秋水仙碱通过调节磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)信号通路对急性心肌梗死(AMI)大鼠心功能的影响。方法:78只大鼠中随机选取12只作为假手术组,剩余大鼠构建AMI模型,造模成功大鼠分为模型组、秋水仙碱组[4 mg/(kg·d)]、秋水仙碱[4 mg/(kg·d)]+LY294002(20 mg/mL)组、秋水仙碱[4 mg/(kg·d)]+MK-2206(60μg/mL)组、秋水仙碱[4 mg/(kg·d)]+L-NAME(1.6 mg/mL)组,每组12只。超声心动图检测大鼠左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、射血分数(EF)及短轴缩短率(FS)。处死大鼠,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色检测大鼠心肌组织石蜡切片病理学变化;末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(TUNEL)法检测心肌细胞凋亡率;酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)以及心肌组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)水平;免疫印迹法(Western Blot)测定大鼠心肌组织PI3K/AKT/eNOS通路蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠LVESD、LVEDD,血清CK-MB、TNF-α、IL-6水平,心肌匀浆MDA、心肌细胞凋亡率升高,EF、FS水平,心肌匀浆SOD、CAT,心肌组织磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)/PI3K、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)/AKT、磷酸化eNOS(p-eNOS)/eNOS降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,秋水仙碱组大鼠LVESD、LVEDD,血清CK-MB、TNF-α、IL-6水平,心肌匀浆MDA、心肌细胞凋亡率降低,EF、FS水平,心肌匀浆SOD、CAT,心肌组织p-PI3K/PI3K、p-AKT/AKT、p-eNOS/eNOS升高(P<0.05);与秋水仙碱组相比,秋水仙碱+LY294002组、秋水仙碱+MK-2206组、秋水仙碱+L-NAME组大鼠LVESD、LVEDD,血清CK-MB、TNF-α、IL-6水平,心肌匀浆MDA、心肌细胞凋亡率升高,EF、FS水平,心肌匀浆SOD、CAT,心肌组织p-PI3K/PI3K、p-AKT/AKT、p-eNOS/eNOS降低(P<0.05)。结论:秋水仙碱可能通过激活PI3K/AKT/eNOS信号通路对AMI大鼠发挥心功能保护作用。

不同剂量重组人脑利钠肽联合比索洛尔在老年急性心肌梗死患者PCI后的应用对比

目的 比较不同剂量的重组人脑利钠肽(rhBNP)联合比索洛尔在老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后的应用价值。方法 选取2020年1月—2022年10月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的138例老年AMI患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为三组,各46例。各组均行PCI和比索洛尔治疗,术前2 h,小剂量组给予1.5μg/(kg·min)的rhBNP,中剂量组给予2.0μg/(kg·min)的rhBNP,大剂量组给予3.0μg/(kg·min)的rhBNP。比较各组治疗前后心功能[左室射血分数(LVEF)、心脏指数(CI)、每分钟搏出量(SV)、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)]、心电生理指标[窦性心搏RR间期标准差(SDNN)、相邻RR间期差值均方根(RMSSD)、低频段/高频段(LF/HF)]、肾功能[血肌酐(Scr)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、血尿素氮(BUN)]、核因子E2相关因子2/血红素加氧酶-1(Nrf2/HO-1)通路及治疗后不良反应、心血管不良事件的发生情况。结果 治疗72 h后,大剂量组LVEF、CI、SV、SDNN、RMSSD及Nrf2、HO-1蛋白水平均高于中剂量组和小剂量组(P<0.05),大剂量组的血浆BNP水平、LF/HF低于中剂量组和小剂量组(P<0.05);治疗72 h后,中剂量组和小剂量组的心功能、心电生理指标、Nrf2/HO-1信号通路的蛋白比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前、治疗72 h后,各组血清Scr、β2-MG、BUN水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),各组不良反应总发生率、心血管不良事件的总发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 rhBNP联合比索洛尔应用于老年AMI患者PCI后疗效确切,大剂量rhBNP可显著改善心功能、心率变异性,可能与激活Nrf2/HO-1通路有关,且对肾功能损害、不良反应及心血管不良事件无明显影响。

双心护理结合早期康复策略在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用价值

目的研究双心护理结合早期康复策略在行经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)后的急性心肌梗死患者中的应用价值。方法以随机数字表法将2021年3月至2022年7月在东南大学附属中大医院行PCI的90例急性心肌梗死患者分为2组,各45例。对照组接受早期康复结合常规护理,观察组在对照组干预方法的基础上接受双心护理。比较2组的心功能指标、不良情绪、生活质量和心血管不良事件发生情况。结果术后1个月和3个月,2组的N末端脑钠肽前体水平均较术前降低,且观察组均比同期对照组更低;2组的左室射血分数均较术前增大,且观察组均比同期对照组更大;2组的6分钟步行试验距离均较术前增长,且观察组均比同期对照组更长,上述比较均有统计学差异(P均<0.05)。术后1个月和3个月,观察组的不良情绪评分(汉密尔顿焦虑/抑郁量表)均低于同期对照组(P均<0.05),且2组均低于术前(P均<0.05)。术后3个月,2组的生存质量精简量表各项评分均较术前高(P均<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组的心血管不良事件总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论双心护理结合早期康复策略可改善行PCI后的急性心肌梗死患者的心功能、不良情绪和生活质量,也可预防心血管不良事件的发生。

血府逐瘀汤对STEMI病人PCI术后炎症指标、再灌注后心功能及生存质量的影响

目的:探讨血府逐瘀汤对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)病人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后炎症指标及再灌注后心功能及生存质量的影响。方法:选取2020年1月1日—2021年12月31日于我院接受PCI治疗的STEMI病人244例作为研究对象,采用计算机随机化法分为研究组和对照组,每组122例。研究组给予血府逐瘀汤+PCI术后常规基础治疗,对照组给予PCI术后常规基础治疗,两组病人均随访6个月。对比两组主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生情况、心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)评分、美国纽约心脏协会(NYHA)心功能分级、不良反应发生情况、中医临床症状积分、中医证候疗效、左心室重构情况及炎性因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、一氧化氮(NO)以及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)]水平。结果:研究组MACCE总发生率低于对照组,NYHA心功能分级改善情况优于对照组,中医证候疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组MIDAS评分均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组中医临床症状积分均较治疗前下降,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)降低,左室射血分数(LVEF)升高,且研究组LVESD、LVEDD低于对照组,LVEF高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组IL-6、ET-1、MMP-9降低,NO升高,且研究组IL-6、ET-1、MMP-9低于对照组,NO高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:血府逐瘀汤应用于STEMI病人PCI术后能显著提高病人的整体生存质量,降低MACCE发生风险,改善心功能,减轻炎症反应,有利于病人预后。

EEF1A1对急性心肌梗死模型大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及Notch/AKT转导途径的影响

目的:探讨人类真核翻译延长因子(EEF1A1)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)模型大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及Notch/蛋白激酶B(AKT)转导途径的影响。方法:将30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、干预组,每组10只,模型组、干预组于冠状动脉左前降支结扎建立AMI大鼠模型,对照组仅手术穿线处理不结扎。建模后24 h干预组于心肌梗死区原位注射EEF1A1腺病毒,模型组、对照组注射等量生理盐水。干预72 h后,心脏彩超测定大鼠心功能,采用脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记(TUNEL)染色法评估心肌细胞凋亡,2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TCC)染色法评估心肌梗死面积,采用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法测定EEF1A1 mRNA表达量,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测心肌组织EEF1A1蛋白以及Notch/AKT信号通路相关蛋白表达情况。结果:干预前,模型组、干预组左室射血分数(LVEF)明显低于假手术组(P<0.05),而左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)明显高于假手术组(P<0.05);干预后3 d后,干预组LVEDD、LVESD明显降低,而LVEF明显增加,模型组LVEDD、LVESD明显增加,而LVEF明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组心肌组织EEF1A1蛋白及mRNA表达水平高于假手术组、模型组(P<0.05),而模型组心肌组织EEF1A1蛋白及mRNA表达水平高于假手术组(P<0.05)。干预组心肌梗死面积小于模型组(P<0.05)。干预组心肌细胞凋亡率明显高于假手术组(P<0.05),明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。干预组Notch1、Hes1、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)/AKT相关蛋白表达明显高于模型组、假手术组,模型组Notch1、Hes1、p-AKT/AKT相关蛋白表达均明显高于假手术组(P<0.05)。结论:EEF1A1可抑制AMI大鼠心肌细胞损伤、凋亡,缩小心肌梗死面积,改善心脏功能,其作用机制可能与上调Notch/AKT转导途径有关。

替格瑞洛在急性心肌梗死多支病变患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后的效果

目的 探讨替格瑞洛在急性心肌梗死(AMI)多支病变患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后的效果。方法 选取2021年2月~2023年2月于河北省沧州中西医结合医院就诊的AMI多支病变患者156例,按照随机数字表法分为常规组78例、研究组78例。常规组PCI术前给予氯吡格雷,研究组PCI术前给予替格瑞洛。比较两组心功能指标[左心室舒张末期容积指数(LVEDVI)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室收缩末期容积指数(LVESVI)]、心肌微循环指标[右冠状动脉帧数(RCA CTFC)、左前降支帧数(LAD CTFC)、左回旋支帧数(LCX CTFC)]、心肌损伤指标[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(CTn-I)]、血小板聚集率、Wnt/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)通路相关基因(Wnt mRNA、β-catenin mRNA)、炎症指标及术后6个月不良心血管事件(MACE)发生率。结果 研究组术后30 d的LVEDVI、LVESVI低于常规组[(55.34±5.24)ml/m^(2)比(65.79±6.32)ml/m^(2)、(32.63±2.74)ml/m^(2)比(36.22±3.38)ml/m^(2)]LVEF高于常规组[(57.32±4.25)%比(52.65±3.49)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后7 d研究组RCA CTFC、LAD CTFC、LCX CTFC均低于常规组[(19.11±3.03)帧比(24.35±3.56)帧、(18.75±2.14)帧比(22.74±3.03)帧、(16.52±2.06)帧比(21.14±3.18)帧],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后24 h CK-MB、CTn-I水平均低于常规组[(32.16±4.17)U/L比(45.23±5.39)U/L、(5.13±1.08)ng/ml比(7.68±1.23)ng/ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后24 h、30 d血小板聚集率低于常规组(P<0.05);研究组术后30 d Wnt、β-catenin、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平低于常规组[(1.03±0.30)比(1.59±0.35)、(2.06±0.37)比(1.12±0.33)、(124.36±18.63)ng/ml比(164.79±24.78)ng/ml、(20.28±3.32)ng/ml比(37.26±4.27)ng/ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后6个月MACE发生率低于常规组(2.56%比11.54%,P<0.05)。结论 相较于氯吡格雷,AMI多支病变患者PCI术前给予替格瑞洛治疗的血小板抑制效果更为显著,可改善心功能、心肌微循环,减轻心肌损伤,抑制炎症反应,减少PCI术后MACE发生,其机制可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin通路活化有关。

替罗非班联合酒石酸美托洛尔片治疗急性心肌梗死患者的效果观察

目的观察替罗非班联合酒石酸美托洛尔片治疗急性心肌梗死患者的效果。方法选择2021年4月至2023年4月我院收治的114例急性心肌梗死患者随机分为对照组(57例)和观察组(57例)。对照组口服酒石酸美托洛尔片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用替罗非班治疗。比较两组的临床疗效、心功能指标和血清炎性因子水平。结果观察组总有效率为96.49%,高于对照组的84.21%(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、心输血量(CO)均高于对照组,左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论替罗非班联合酒石酸美托洛尔片治疗急性心肌梗死患者的效果明显,可显著改善其心功能指标和血清炎性因子水平。

左西孟旦在急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨左西孟旦在急性心肌梗死(AMI)经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年10月至2022年7月就诊于三门峡市中心医院的85例AMI患者,以随机数字表法分为左西孟旦组(43例)和对照组(42例),对照组在PCI术后接受常规治疗,左西孟旦组在对照组基础上加用左西孟旦。比较两组PCI术前、PCI术后3 d心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、脑钠肽(BNP)]、炎症因子指标[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]变化。于PCI术后进行3个月随访,比较两组随访期间不良心血管事件发生情况。结果 PCI术后3 d,两组LVEF较PCI术前均升高,且左西孟旦组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组LVEDD、cTnI、BNP、hs-CRP和IL-6较PCI术前均降低,且左西孟旦组低于对照组(P<0.05)。PCI术后随访3个月,左西孟旦组不良心血管事件发生率为4.65%,低于对照组(21.43%)(P<0.05)。结论 在AMI患者PCI术后应用左西孟旦,可保护心功能,减轻炎症,有助于预防不良心血管事件的发生。

血栓抽吸联合替罗非班对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗的效果分析

目的 探究对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗患者施以血栓抽吸联合替罗非班的作用。方法 方便选取2021年1月—2023年8月呼和浩特市第一医院收治的72例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行急诊冠脉介入治疗的患者作为研究对象,根据不同治疗方法将其分为两组,各36例。对照组采用替罗非班治疗,研究组血栓抽吸联合替罗非班治疗,比较两组心功能相关指标、治疗效果、不良反应、远期非致死性心肌梗死发生率、心源性病死率。结果 研究组心功能改善优于对照组,远期非致死性心肌梗死发生率和心源性病死率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为8.33%(3/36),低于对照组的27.78%(10/36),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.600,P<0.05)。结论 在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗时,对患者进行血栓抽吸联合替罗非班治疗,效果显著,具有临床价值。

早期体外心脏震波通过抑制TGF-β1-Smad2/3-MMP-9信号通路改善心肌纤维化

目的 探究急性心肌梗死(AMI)大鼠早期经体外心脏震波治疗(CSWT)后心功能和心肌纤维化改善与转化生长因子β1-细胞信号转导分子2/3-基质金属蛋白酶9(TGF-β1-Smad2/3-MMP-9)信号通路的相关性。方法 采用随机数字表法将30只SD大鼠分为sham、AMI、AMI+CSWT、AMI+SB431542和AMI+SB431542+CSWT组,每组各6只。sham组仅开胸,其他4组构建AMI模型。AMI+SB431542组和AMI+SB431542+CSWT组在术后4d行SB431542处理,持续3d。AMI+CSWT组和AMI+SB431542+CSWT组均行9次CSWT[于术后7d开始行CSWT,两次之间间隔1d,能量:0.09m J/mm~2,一个缺血区域共1800震,频率:3Hz(3震/s)]。各组均在术后4d和62d行超声心动图检测左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)和左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)。术后62d行心脏组织取材,HE染色、Masson染色评估心肌组织病理形态学改变及心肌纤维化程度;于心肌梗死边缘区检测TGF-β1-Smad2/3-MMP-9信号通路相关蛋白表达水平及COL-Ⅰ、COL-Ⅲ蛋白表达水平。结果 (1)术后4d,与sham组相比,AMI、AMI+CSWT、AMI+SB431542和AMI+SB431542+CSWT组的LVEF、LVFS明显降低,LVESV明显扩大(均为P<0.05)。(2)术后62d,与sham组相比,AMI组的LVEF、LVFS明显降低,LVEDV、LVESV明显扩大(均为P<0.05);与AMI组相比,AMI+CSWT组的LVEF、LVFS明显改善,LVEDV、LVESV明显回缩(均为P<0.05);与AMI+CSWT组相比,AMI+SB431542+CSWT组的LVEF、LVFS、LVEDV和LVESV无统计学差异(均为P>0.05)。(3)HE染色显示,AMI组较sham组红色区域排列紊乱、蓝色区域增多;AMI+CSWT组较AMI组红色区域排列整齐、蓝色区域减少,但较sham组蓝染区域增多。(4)Masson染色显示,与sham组相比,AMI组胶原容积分数(CVF)明显升高(P<0.001);与AMI组相比,AMI+CSWT和AMI+SB431542组的CVF明显降低(均为P<0.05);与AMI+CSWT组相比,AMI+SB431542+CSWT组CVF较高,但无统计学差异(P=0.65)。(5)Westernblot结果显示,与sham组相比,AMI组的TGF-β1、Smad3、MMP-9、COL-Ⅰ和COL-Ⅲ表达水平明显升高(均为P<0.05);Smad2水平有升高趋势,但无统计学差异(P=0.40);与sham组和AMI组相比,AMI+CSWT组的TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3、MMP-9、COL-Ⅰ和COL-Ⅲ表达水平明显降低(均为P<0.05);与AMI+CSWT组相比,AMI+SB431542+CSWT组的TGF-β1、Smad2、Smad3和MMP-9表达水平明显降低,COL-Ⅰ和COL-Ⅲ表达水平明显增加(均为P<0.05)。结论 早期CSWT可改善心功能、抑制心肌纤维化,且与抑制TGF-β1-Smad2/3-MMP-9信号通路相关。

早期使用依洛尤单抗对急性心肌梗死患者心功能的影响

目的 分析早期使用依洛尤单抗对急性心肌梗死患者心功能的影响。方法 选取2022年6月—2023年6月本院收治的112例急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象,并随机分成观察组和对照组,每组56例。观察组采用依洛尤单抗和他汀进行联合治疗,对照组于发生STEMI和NSTEMI后早期给予他汀治疗,比较两组患者在治疗后的心功能情况、LDL-C及安全性。结果 治疗前,两组患者的心功能指标、LDL-C差异不明显(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组LVEF高于对照组,LVEDD、LVESD、LDL-C水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组出现不良反应的概率要低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 通过早期应用依洛尤单抗促进急性心肌梗死患者的心功能迅速恢复,明显改善患者的心功能,明显提高患者满意率。

达格列净对急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后糖代谢和心功能的影响

目的探究达格列净对急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后糖代谢、心功能及再入院率的影响。方法将108例急性心肌梗死合并2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字法将其分为观察组(55例)和对照组(53例)。对照组于PCI术后常规给予抗血小板药物及降糖药物治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予达格列净治疗。于治疗3个月后,比较2组治疗疗效及再入院率、血管再狭窄率、心脏不良事件发生率;观察2组患者治疗前后心功能指标[N端B型脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVEDD)]、糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2-hours postprandial blood glucose,2 hPBG)和糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbAlc)]和炎症因子[髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)]。结果观察组、对照组的治疗总有效率分别为92.73%、81.13%,2组比较差异无统计学意义。治疗后,观察组NTproBNP水平低于对照组[(237.31±20.59)pg·mL^(-1) vs.(251.68±21.17)pg·mL^(-1)],LVEF值大于对照组[(58.04%±3.12%)vs.(56.97%±3.65%)],LVEDD值小于对照组[(52.70±5.09)mm vs.(55.05±4.37)mm,P<0.05];FBG、2 hPBG水平和HbAlc值均低于对照组[(5.14±0.69)mmol·L^(-1) vs.(5.68±0.71)mmol·L^(-1),(8.01±1.65)mmol·L^(-1) vs.(8.79±1.39)mmol·L^(-1),(6.45%±0.69%)vs(.7.04%±0.81%),P<0.05];MPO、IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);再入院率低于对照组(1.82%vs.11.32%,P<0.05);2组患者血管再狭窄率及心脏不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(0 vs.7.55%,3.64%vs.13.21%,P>0.05)。结论达格列净可降低急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病患者PCI后血糖水平及再入院率,且可改善患者的心功能。

居家自主式心脏康复护理对急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者心功能、焦虑抑郁情绪、自我管理效能及术后并发症的影响

目的:探讨居家自主式心脏康复护理对急性心肌梗死(AMI)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)患者心功能、焦虑抑郁情绪、自我管理效能及术后并发症的影响。方法:选取某院在2021年6月—2023年7月收治的90例行PCI的AMI患者为研究对象,随机将其分成对照组和研究组,每组45例。对照组实施常规护理干预,研究组在对照组的基础上实施居家自主式心脏康复护理干预。比较两组患者的心功能指标[左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、心排出血量(CO)]、焦虑抑郁情绪评分[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、自我管理效能[一般自我效能表(GSES)]、术后并发症及护理满意度。结果:干预6个月后,研究组和对照组LVEDD、LVESD及SAS、SDS评分较干预前均降低(t=13.855,9.137,37.567,26.315,9.042,5.164,29.820,20.138;P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(t=4.404,3.786,7.571,7.923;P<0.05);研究组和对照组LVEF、CO、GSES评分较干预前均升高(t=9.103,11.381,19.624,7.226,5.438,14.925;P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(t=2.543,5.045,4.651;P<0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率(8.89%)低于对照组(31.11%)(χ^(2)=5.625,P<0.05)。研究组护理满意度(93.33%)高于对照组(71.11%)(χ^(2)=7.601,P<0.05)。结论:居家自主式心脏康复护理应用于行PCI的AMI患者,可提高心功能,改善焦虑抑郁情绪、自我管理效能,降低术后并发症发生率,提高护理满意度。