At present,the research on ferroelectric photovoltaic materials mainly focuses on photoelectric detection.In the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoT),it is particularly important to use smal...At present,the research on ferroelectric photovoltaic materials mainly focuses on photoelectric detection.In the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoT),it is particularly important to use smaller thin-film devices as sensors.In this work,an indium tin oxide/bismuth ferrite(BFO)/lanthanum nickelate device has been fabricated on an F-doped tin oxide glass substrate using the sol–gel method.The sensor can continuously output photoelectric signals with little environmental impact.Compared to other types of sensors,this photoelectric sensor has an ultra-low response time of 1.25 ms and ultra-high sensitivity.Furthermore,a material recognition system based on a BFO sensor is developed.It can effectively identify eight kinds of materials that are difficult for human eyes to distinguish.This provides new ideas and methods for developing the IoT in material identification.展开更多
BiVO_(4)(BVO)is a promising material as the photoanode for use in photoelectrochemical applications.However,the high charge recombination and slow charge transfer of the BVO have been obstacles to achieving satisfacto...BiVO_(4)(BVO)is a promising material as the photoanode for use in photoelectrochemical applications.However,the high charge recombination and slow charge transfer of the BVO have been obstacles to achieving satisfactory photoelectrochemical performance.To address this,various modifications have been attempted,including the use of ferroelectric materials.Ferroelectric materials can form a permanent polarization within the layer,enhancing the separation and transport of photo-excited electron-hole pairs.In this study,we propose a novel approach by depositing an epitaxial BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin film underneath the BVO thin film(BVO/BFO)to harness the ferroelectric property of BFO.The self-polarization of the inserted BFO thin film simultaneously functions as a buffer layer to enhance charge transport and a hole-blocking layer to reduce charge recombination.As a result,the BVO/BFO photoanodes showed more than 3.5 times higher photocurrent density(0.65 mA cm^(-2))at 1.23 V_(RHE)under the illumination compared to the bare BVO photoanodes(0.18 m A cm^(-2)),which is consistent with the increase of the applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiencies(ABPE)and the result of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)analysis.These results can be attributed to the self-polarization exhibited by the inserted BFO thin film,which promoted the charge separation and transfer efficiency of the BVO photoanodes.展开更多
Sodium with low cost and high abundance is considered as a substitute element of lithium for batteries and supercapacitors,which need the appropriate host materials to accommodate the relatively large Na^(+) ions.Comp...Sodium with low cost and high abundance is considered as a substitute element of lithium for batteries and supercapacitors,which need the appropriate host materials to accommodate the relatively large Na^(+) ions.Compared to Li^(+) storage,Na^(+) storage makes higher demands on the structural optimization of perovskite bismuth ferrite(BiFeO_(3)).We propose a novel strategy of defect engineering on BiFeO_(3) through Na and V codoping for high-efficiency Na^(+) storage,to reveal the roles of oxygen vacancies and V ions played in the enhanced electrochemical energy storage performances of Na-ion capacitors.The formation of the oxygen vacancies in the Na and V codoped BiFeO_(3)(denoted as NV-BFO),is promoted by Na doping and suppressed by V doping,which can be demonstrated by XPS and EPR spectra.By the first-principles calculations,the oxygen vacancies and V ions in NV-BFO are confirmed to substantially lower the Na^(+)migration energy barriers through the space and electric field effects,to effectively promote the Na^(+) transport in the crystals.Electrochemical kinetic analysis of the NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors indicates the dominant capacitive-controlled capacity,which depends on fast Na^(+) deintercalation-intercalation process in the NV-BFO electrode.The NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors open up a new avenue for developing highperformance Na-ion capacitors.展开更多
The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin films depend on the misfit strain.Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known,it is un...The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin films depend on the misfit strain.Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known,it is unclear whether a singlecrystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs.Thus,understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain–property relationship.In this study,a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography(DIH)and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film.The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief,forming irregularly strained nanodomains.The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale.The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to1.5%,irrespective of the nanoscale strain states,which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO_(3) substrate.Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation.This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films,such as BFO,with various low-symmetry polymorphs.展开更多
Density functional theory （DFT） calculations are conducted to explore the interaction of H2 with pure and Tidoped WO3 （002） surfaces. Four top adsorption models of H2 on pure and Ti-doped WO3 （002） surfaces are ...Density functional theory （DFT） calculations are conducted to explore the interaction of H2 with pure and Tidoped WO3 （002） surfaces. Four top adsorption models of H2 on pure and Ti-doped WO3 （002） surfaces are investigated respectively, they are adsorption on bridging oxygen Olc, absorption on plane oxygen O2c, absorption on 5-fold W5c （Ti）, and absorption on 6-fold W6c. The most stable and H2 possible adsorption structure in the pure surface is H-end oriented to the surface plane oxygen O2c site, while the favourable adsorption sites for H2 in a Ti-doped surface is not only an O2c site but also a W6c site. The adsorption energy, the Fermi energy level EF, and the electronic population are investigated and the H2-sensing mechanism of a pure-doped WO3 （002） surface is revealed theoretically： the theoretical results are in good accordance with our existing experimental results. By comparing the above three terms, it is found that Ti doping can obviously enhance the adsorption of H2. It can be predicted that the method of Ti-doped into a WO3 thin film is an effective way to improve WO3 sensor sensitivity to H2 gas.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072041)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ21007)the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y8540XX2D2).
文摘At present,the research on ferroelectric photovoltaic materials mainly focuses on photoelectric detection.In the context of the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoT),it is particularly important to use smaller thin-film devices as sensors.In this work,an indium tin oxide/bismuth ferrite(BFO)/lanthanum nickelate device has been fabricated on an F-doped tin oxide glass substrate using the sol–gel method.The sensor can continuously output photoelectric signals with little environmental impact.Compared to other types of sensors,this photoelectric sensor has an ultra-low response time of 1.25 ms and ultra-high sensitivity.Furthermore,a material recognition system based on a BFO sensor is developed.It can effectively identify eight kinds of materials that are difficult for human eyes to distinguish.This provides new ideas and methods for developing the IoT in material identification.
基金supported by the program of Future Hydrogen Original Technology Development(2021M3I3A1084747),through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Korean government(Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT))by the NRF grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2020R1A2C1005590)。
文摘BiVO_(4)(BVO)is a promising material as the photoanode for use in photoelectrochemical applications.However,the high charge recombination and slow charge transfer of the BVO have been obstacles to achieving satisfactory photoelectrochemical performance.To address this,various modifications have been attempted,including the use of ferroelectric materials.Ferroelectric materials can form a permanent polarization within the layer,enhancing the separation and transport of photo-excited electron-hole pairs.In this study,we propose a novel approach by depositing an epitaxial BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin film underneath the BVO thin film(BVO/BFO)to harness the ferroelectric property of BFO.The self-polarization of the inserted BFO thin film simultaneously functions as a buffer layer to enhance charge transport and a hole-blocking layer to reduce charge recombination.As a result,the BVO/BFO photoanodes showed more than 3.5 times higher photocurrent density(0.65 mA cm^(-2))at 1.23 V_(RHE)under the illumination compared to the bare BVO photoanodes(0.18 m A cm^(-2)),which is consistent with the increase of the applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiencies(ABPE)and the result of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)analysis.These results can be attributed to the self-polarization exhibited by the inserted BFO thin film,which promoted the charge separation and transfer efficiency of the BVO photoanodes.
基金financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005174 and 52271133)。
文摘Sodium with low cost and high abundance is considered as a substitute element of lithium for batteries and supercapacitors,which need the appropriate host materials to accommodate the relatively large Na^(+) ions.Compared to Li^(+) storage,Na^(+) storage makes higher demands on the structural optimization of perovskite bismuth ferrite(BiFeO_(3)).We propose a novel strategy of defect engineering on BiFeO_(3) through Na and V codoping for high-efficiency Na^(+) storage,to reveal the roles of oxygen vacancies and V ions played in the enhanced electrochemical energy storage performances of Na-ion capacitors.The formation of the oxygen vacancies in the Na and V codoped BiFeO_(3)(denoted as NV-BFO),is promoted by Na doping and suppressed by V doping,which can be demonstrated by XPS and EPR spectra.By the first-principles calculations,the oxygen vacancies and V ions in NV-BFO are confirmed to substantially lower the Na^(+)migration energy barriers through the space and electric field effects,to effectively promote the Na^(+) transport in the crystals.Electrochemical kinetic analysis of the NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors indicates the dominant capacitive-controlled capacity,which depends on fast Na^(+) deintercalation-intercalation process in the NV-BFO electrode.The NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors open up a new avenue for developing highperformance Na-ion capacitors.
基金Samsung Research Fundings&Incubation Center of Samsung Electronics(Grant No.SRFCMA1702-01)Y.-M.K acknowledges partial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(Grant No.2023R1A2C2002403)funded by the Korean government in KoreaA.Borisevich acknowledges support from FaCT,an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Science,Collaboratives Research Division.
文摘The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin films depend on the misfit strain.Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known,it is unclear whether a singlecrystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs.Thus,understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain–property relationship.In this study,a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography(DIH)and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film.The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief,forming irregularly strained nanodomains.The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale.The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to1.5%,irrespective of the nanoscale strain states,which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO_(3) substrate.Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation.This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films,such as BFO,with various low-symmetry polymorphs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.60771019 and 60801018)the Tianjin Key Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology,China (Grant No.11JCZDJC15300)+1 种基金the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,China (Grant No.09JCYBJC01100)the New Teacher Foundation of the Ministry of Education,China (Grant No.200800561109)
文摘Density functional theory （DFT） calculations are conducted to explore the interaction of H2 with pure and Tidoped WO3 （002） surfaces. Four top adsorption models of H2 on pure and Ti-doped WO3 （002） surfaces are investigated respectively, they are adsorption on bridging oxygen Olc, absorption on plane oxygen O2c, absorption on 5-fold W5c （Ti）, and absorption on 6-fold W6c. The most stable and H2 possible adsorption structure in the pure surface is H-end oriented to the surface plane oxygen O2c site, while the favourable adsorption sites for H2 in a Ti-doped surface is not only an O2c site but also a W6c site. The adsorption energy, the Fermi energy level EF, and the electronic population are investigated and the H2-sensing mechanism of a pure-doped WO3 （002） surface is revealed theoretically： the theoretical results are in good accordance with our existing experimental results. By comparing the above three terms, it is found that Ti doping can obviously enhance the adsorption of H2. It can be predicted that the method of Ti-doped into a WO3 thin film is an effective way to improve WO3 sensor sensitivity to H2 gas.
