轴瓦用原位TiB_(2p)/Al-10Sn复合材料的组织和摩擦特性

采用混合盐反应原位合成TiB_(2p)/Al-10Sn轴瓦用复合材料,用XRD、OM、SEM和EDS对其物相组成、凝固组织进行分析。结果表明:复合材料的物相组成为α-Al, β-Sn和TiB_(2),其中α-Al基体晶粒细小,内生TiB_(2)颗粒尺寸小于1.2μm,在α-Al基体晶界出现TiB_(2)颗粒偏聚现象,并形成共晶β-Sn相包裹TiB_(2)颗粒混合组织。在不同载荷下,采用“小止推圈-磨盘”式摩擦试验机,对TiB_(2p)/Al-10Sn复合材料和Al-10Sn基体合金的室温油润滑摩擦特性进行测试,200 N低载荷时,摩擦因数分别为0.017和0.015,摩擦温度分别为34℃和32℃,复合材料和基体合金都有明显的磨合期,且均表现出良好的减摩特性;400 N中载荷时,复合材料和基体合金的摩擦因数分别为0.080和0.170,摩擦温度分别为58℃和75℃,复合材料表现出更好的减摩特性和更高的承载能力;600 N高载荷时,复合材料的摩擦因数为0.118,基体合金出现咬合卡死现象而使试验无法进行。

挤压铸造TiB_(2P)/Al复合材料的组织与性能

采用挤压铸造法制备TiB2P/Al复合材料,并借助XRD,SEM,TEM和三点弯曲、摩擦磨损等分析测试手段研究了该材料的组织和性能。结果表明,复合材料组织致密,颗粒分布均匀,相组成主要为Al和TiB2。TEM观察表明,T6态复合材料基体中发现大量细小的β′析出相和位错。部分界面上存在不连续的块状反应物MgAl2O4。45%TiB2P/Al(体积分数,下同)复合材料的抗弯强度为934MPa,弹性模量为183GPa,比30%TiB2P/Al复合材料的分别提高了34%和28%。常温干摩擦条件下,TiB2P/Al复合材料摩擦系数变化平缓(在0.2左右波动),明显低于铝合金的摩擦系数;且复合材料的磨损表面较为平整、光滑,未观察到大塑性变形,呈现出良好的自润滑性能。

挤压铸造TiB_(2P)/Al复合材料室温力学性能

采用挤压铸造法制备不同体积分数的TiB2P/Al复合材料,利用扫描电镜、硬度计、拉伸试验机等对复合材料的室温力学性能进行了研究,系统地分析了体积分数和热处理工艺对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:挤压铸造TiB2P/Al复合材料的布氏硬度、抗弯强度和弹性模量随增强相TiB2体积分数的增加而提高。45%TiB2P/Al复合材料T6处理后硬度和抗弯强度分别比退火态时提高了23%和40%,但热处理状态对弹性模量的影响不大。

原位TiB_(2(p))/Fe复合材料的制备及其显微组织

利用Fe Ti B熔体反应制备了TiB2颗粒增强铁基复合材料,研究了该材料的显微组织。热力学分析表明,Fe Ti B熔体具有反应生成TiB2的可能性。试验结果表明,TiB2颗粒均匀分布于α Fe晶粒中,晶内TiB2粒子平均间距大于晶界。TiB2粒子尺寸大多为1～6μm,形状大多为接近等轴的多面体。

时效处理对TiB_(2P)/A356复合材料组织与性能的影响

以混合盐法制备的原位自生TiB2P/A356复合材料为研究对象,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及力学性能测试分析等,研究时效处理对TiB2P/A356复合材料显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的最佳热处理工艺为530℃×6 h固溶处理+130℃×10 h时效处理。此时,复合材料的硬度可达76.67 HRB,与铸态相比提高73.51%;抗拉强度可达335.49 MPa,与铸态相比提高40.42%。

Microstructure and tensile properties of TiB_(2p)/6061Al composites

14% and 20% (volume fraction) TiB2p/6061Al composites were fabricated by pressure infiltration method, and then were extruded. The microstructure and properties of TiB2p/Al composites before and after extrusion were studied by TEM, SEM and tensile method. The results show that TiB2 particles employed are equiaxed polyhedrals and are well wetted with the aluminum alloy. Hot extruding is effective in eliminating defects such as pores, which are induced in the fabrication process. After T6 treatment and extrusion treatment, elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation of 14%TiB2p/6061Al composites are 107 GPa, 364.1 MPa and 9.25%, respectively. While those of 20%TiB2p/6061Al composites are 120 GPa, 472.6 MPa and 9.79%, respectively, which show high strength and plasticity. A lot of dimples and a few cracked particles are observed on the fracture surfaces of the composites, which indicates good plasticity of the composites. The high strength and plasticity of TiB2p/6061Al composites are attributed to good bonding between TiB2 particles and aluminum alloy.