Effects of Al Addition on the Microstructure and Properties of Nb/Nb_5Si_3 in situ Composites Fabricated via Spark Plasma Sintering

Dense Nb/Nb5Si3 composites were fabricated via spark plasma sintering technology using Nb, Si, and Al elemental powders as raw materials. The microstructttres of the synthesised composites were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron probe microanalysis. The results show that the composites consisted of residual Nb particle phase and Nb5Si3 phase. The microstructure of the Nb/ Nb5Si3 in situ composites was evidently affected by Al addition, which prompted the formation of the Al3Nb10Si3 phase. In addition, the Rockwell hardness of the composites decreased with the increase in AI additions. The Rockwell hardness of Nb-20Si is 60HRC, which decreased to approximately 52.7 HRC when the Al content increased to 15 at%. The oxidation resistance of the Nb/NbsSi3 in situ composites significantly improved with the increase in Al addition.

Fabrication and Microstructure Evolution of Niobium-Niobium Silicide Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering

By using Nb and Si elemental powders as raw materials, dense Nb/NbsSi3 composites were successfully fabricated by a spark plasma sintering （SPS） technology. The microstructure of the fabricated composites was analyzed by OM, SEM, XRD and EPMA; the microstructure evolution of the composites was also investigated by a quenching test. The experimental results show that the prepared composites consist of Nb and Nb5Si3 phases; Nb particle uniformly distributes in the in-situ synthesized Nb5Si3 matrix. During the SPS process, an interfacial reaction occurs between Nb and Si particles to synthesize Nb5Si3 until reactant silicon has been completely depleted.

Fabrication of Ti-Ni-Mo-Si composite coating by reactive braze coating process

Ti-Ni-Mo-Si composite coating was fabricated on mild steel by reactive braze coating process with Ti61. 9Ni24. 6Si4. 411409.1 （ wt. % ） powders as the raw materials. Microstr^cture of the coating was characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy and micro-hardness tester. Results indicate that the Ti-Ni-Mo-Si composite coating is metallurgically bonded to the mild steel substrate and has high hardness. The microstructure of the coating consists of the reinforcement of Ti5 Si3 and Mo9 Ti4 particles and the matrix of eutectic NiTi2. Due to the poor wettability of NiTi2 liquid at low temperature, TisSi3 and Mo9 Ti4 do not uniformly distribute in the NiTi2 matrix.

High temperature mechanical retention characteristics and oxidation behaviors of the MoSi2（Cr5Si3）–RSiC composites prepared via a PIP-AAMI combined process

In the present paper,MoSi2(Cr5Si3)–RSiC composites were prepared via a combination of precursor impregnation pyrolysis(PIP) and MoSi2-Si-Cr alloy active melt infiltration(AAMI) process. Composition, microstructure, mechanical retention characteristics, and oxidation behaviors of the composites at elevated temperature were studied. X-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern confirms that the composites mainly compose of 6 H–SiC, hexagonal MoSi2, and tetragonal Cr5Si3. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) image reveals that nearly denseMoSi2(Cr5Si3)–RSiC composites exhibiting three-dimensionally(3D) interpenetrated network structure are obtained when infiltrated at 2173 K, and the interface combination of the composites mainly depends on the composition ratio of infiltrated phases. Oxidation weight gain rate of the composites is much lower than that of RSiC matrix, where MoSiCr2 possesses the lowest value of 0.1630 mg×cm-2, about 78% lower than that of RSiC after oxidation at 1773 K for 100 h. Also, it possesses the highest mechanical values of 139.54 MPa(flexural strength σf and RT) and 276.77 GPa(elastic modulus Ef and RT), improvement of 73.73% and 29.77% as compared with that of RSiC, respectively. Mechanical properties of the composites increase first and then decrease with the extension of oxidation time at 1773 K, due to the cooperation effect of surface defect reduction via oxidation reaction and thermal stress relaxation in the composites, crystal growth, and thickness increase of the oxide film. Fracture toughness of MoSiCr2 reaches 2.24 MPa·m1/2(1673 K), showing the highest improvement of 31.70% as compared to the RT value.

选区激光熔化制备原位TiN-Ti5Si3复合材料的显微组织

利用高能球磨制备了Si_3N_4-Ti(摩尔比1:9)纳米复合粉末,Si_3N_4和Ti平均晶粒尺寸均小于20 nm,之后进行选区激光熔化成型,通过9Ti+Si_3N_4=4TiN+Ti_5Si_3反应生成TiN增强Ti_5Si_3基原位复合材料.延长球磨时间,Si_3N_4-Ti复合粉末颗粒细化且比表面积增加,激光成型的TiN-Ti_5Si_3复合材料致密度可增至97.2%,成型组织中TiN增强相形貌经历多棱角状→近圆形→枝晶状的转变.

Solid-State Diffusion Bonding of NbSS/Nb5Si3 Composite Using Ni/Al and Ti/Al Nanolayers

Diffusion bonding of refractory Nb–Si-based alloy was performed with Ni/Al and Ti/Al nanolayers under the condition of 1473 K/30 MPa/60 min.The NbSS/Nb5Si3 in situ composite with the nominal composition of Nb–22 Ti–16 Si–3 Cr–3 Al–2 Hf was used as the parent material.The joint microstructures were examined by using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer.Shear test was conducted for the bonded joints at room temperature.Within the joint bonded with Ni/Al multilayer,element diffusion occurred between the base metal and the nanolayer,with the reaction products of AlNb2+Ni3 Al,NiAl and AlNi2 Ti phases.The average shear strength was 182 MPa.While using Ti/Al multilayer,the interface mainly consisted of TiAl,(Ti,Nb)Al and(Ti,Nb)2 Al phases,and the corresponding joints exhibited an increased strength of 228 MPa.In this case,the fracture mainly took place in the TiAl phase and presented a typical brittle characteristic.

Microstructures and joining characteristics of Nb_(SS)/Nb_(5)Si_(3)composite joints by newly-developed Ti66-Ni22-Nb12 filler alloy

New filler alloy composition of Ti66-Ni22-Nb12(at.%)was designed for NbSS/Nb5 Si3 composite joining and the brazing experiment was conducted at 1200℃and 1260℃,respectively.Compared with the previously reported Ti-Ni-Nb system filler alloys,the concentration of Ni was significantly decreased from 40 at.%to 22 at.%.The filler alloy was fabricated into brazing foils by rapid solidification technique,with about 60μm thickness.The brazing seam mainly consisted of Nb solid solution,(Nb,Ti)5 Si3 and residual NiTi2 phases.Due to the high content of stabilization element Ti in the filler alloy,hexagonalγ-Nb5 Si3 phase was detected in the brazing seam.When increasing brazing temperature or prolonging brazing time,the amount of residual NiTi2 phase within the joint was gradually decreased.The joints brazed at 1260℃for 60 min exhibited three-point bend strength of 317 MPa.

Constructing two-scale network microstructure with nano-Ti5Si3 for superhigh creep resistance

The improvement of mechanical properties must be achieved by designing and constructing more suitable microstructure,such as hierarchical microstructure.In order to significantly enhance the creep resistance of titanium matrix composites(TMCs),two-scale network microstructure was constructed including the first-scale network(<150μm)with micro-TiB whisker(TiBw)reinforcement and the second-scale network(<30μm)with nano-Ti5Si3 reinforcement by powder metallurgy and in-situ synthesis.The results showed that the creep rate of the composite was remarkably reduced by an order of magnitude compared with the Ti6Al4V alloy at 550℃,600℃,650℃ under the stresses between 100 MPa and 350 MPa.Moreover,the rupture time of the composite was increased by 20 times,compared with that of the Ti6Al4 Valloy at 550℃/300 MPa.The superior creep resistance could be attributed to the hierarchical microstructure.The micro-TiBw reinforcement in the first-scale network boundary contributed to creep resistance primarily by blocking grain boundary sliding,while the nano-Ti5Si3 particle in the second-scale network boundary mainly by hindering phase boundary sliding.In addition,the nano-Ti5Si3 particle was dissolved,and precipitated with smaller size than the primary Ti5Si3.This phenomenon was attributed to Si element diffusion under high temperature and external stress,which could further continuously enhance the creep resistance.Finally,the creep rate during steady-state stage was significantly decreased,which manifested superior creep resistance of the composite.