Photocatalytic activity and kinetics for acid yellow degradation over surface composites of TiO_2-coated activated carbon under different photocatalytic conditions

TiO2-coated activated carbon surface （TAs） composites were prepared by a sol-gel method with supercritical pretreatment. The photocatalytic degradation of acid yellow （AY） was investigated under UV radiation to estimate activity of catalysts and determine the kinetics. And the effects of parameters including the initial concentration of AY, light intensity and TiO2 content in catalysts were examined. The results indicate that TAs has a higher efficiency in decomposition of AY than P25, pure TiO2 particles as well as the mixture of TiO2 powder and active carbon. The photocatalytic degradation rate is found to follow the pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to the AY concentration. The new kinetic model fairly resembles the classic Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, and the rate constant is proportional to the square root of the light intensity in a wide range. However, its absorption performance depends on the surface areas of catalysts. The model fits quite well with the experimental data and elucidates phenomena about the effects of the TiO2 content in TAs on the degradation rate.

Preparation of spherical activated carbon-supported and Er^(3+):YAlO_3-doped TiO_2 photocatalyst for methyl orange degradation under visible light

In order to develop the high photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under visible light as that under ultraviolet light and make it easy to be separated from treated liquor, a visible light response and spherical activated carbon （SAC） supported photocatalyst doped with upconversion luminescence agent Er3＋：YAlO3 was prepared by immobilizing Er3＋：YAlO3/TiO2, which was obtained by combination of Er3＋：YAlO3 and TiO2 using sol-gel method, on the surface of SAC. The crystal phase composition, surface structure and element distribution, and light absorption of the new photocatalysts were examined by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive X-ray spectra （EDS） analysis, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and fluorescence spectra analysis （FSA）. The photocatalytic oxidation activity of the photocatalysts was also evaluated by the photodegradation of methyl orange （MO） in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation from a LED lamp （λ400 nm）. The results showed that Er3＋：YAlO3 could perform as the upconversion luminescence agent which converts the visible light up to ultraviolet light. The Er3＋：YAlO3/TiO2 calcinated at 700 °C revealed the highest photocatalytic activity. The apparent reaction rate constant could reach 0.0197 min-1 under visible light irradiation.

Photocatalytic degradation of L- acid by TiO_2 supported on the activated carbon

TiO2 sol was prepared by sol-gel technique with tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. Supported TiO2 catalysts on activated carbon were prepared by soak and sintering method. The aggregation of nano-TiO2 particles can be effectively suppressed by added polyethylene glycol （PEG） as a surface modifier. The average particle diameter of TiO2, specific surface area and absorbability of catalyst can be modified. Based on characteristics of the TiO2 photocatalyst with XRD, specific surface area, adsorption valves of methylene blue and the amount of TiO2 supported on the activated carbon, the photocatalytic degradation of L-acid was studied. The effect of the factors, such as pH of the solution, the initial concentration of L-acid on the photocatalytic degradation of L-acid, were studied also. It was found that when the pH of the solution is 1.95, the amount of photocatalyst is 0.5 g, the concentration of the L-acid solution is 1.34×10^3 mol/L and the illumination time is 7 h, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of L-acid can reach 89,88%, The catalyst was reused 6 times and its degradation efficiency hardly changed.

Construction of Hierarchical Nanostructured N-doped TiO2 Immobilized Activated Carbon Fiber Porous Composites for Toluene Removal

The hierarchical nanostructured N-doped TiO2 immobilized activated carbon fiber(N-TiO2/ACF)porous composites are fabricated to removal dynamic toluene gas.The results show that nitrogen ions doping and ACF modification can decrease the band gap of TiO2,leading to red shift toward visible light region.Interestingly,N-TiO2/ACF exhibits strongly synergistic effect owing to high surface area,good crystallinity,enhanced bandgap structure and light harvesting.The toluene removal rate of N-TiO2/ACF composites is 2.29 times higher than that of TiO2.The N-TiO2/ACF for toluene degradation followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model,and the rate constant is enhanced 8 times compared with TiO2.The possible photodegradation pathway and mechanisms are proposed.

Influence of H-Type and L-Type Activated Carbon in the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue and Phenol under UV and Visible Light Irradiated TiO₂

Photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and phenol (Ph) on TiO2 in presence of H-type and L-type activated carbons (AC) was studied. Photodegradation of MB and Ph were studied under two different lamps and results were compared against those obtained on a commercial TiO2. Apparent first order rate constant for the degradation of MB was higher in presence of any AC in comparison of TiO2 alone while only in presence of ACco2-800phenol was photodegradated in shorter irradiation time than that required by TiO2. It can be concluded that TiO2 enhances its photoactivity by a factor up to 8.7 in the degradation of MB in presence of AC and this effect is associated to the specific surface properties of AC.

Non-UV based germicidal activity of metal-doped TiO_2 coating on solid surfaces

A stain-based screening method was developed to screen different catalyst coatings for their germicidal activity. A Baclight dead/live bacteria viability kit （invitrogen, molecular probes） was used for staining the cell. The screening was carried out following a standard procedure. This included loading cell suspension to solid surface and maintaining contact for 30 min, then staining with a mixture containing dyes. The stained cells were observed using an epifluorescent microscope and photographed with a CCD camera under UV. Metal-doped TiO2 coatings on AI plates were prepared and tested for non-UV germicidal activity without using UV. It was tested using model microorganisms such as Bakers Yeast （Saccharomyces cerevisiae）, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, and Escherichia coli. On the basis of the germicidal activity of catalyst and the degree of damage caused to the cells, the stained cells may appear green （viable）, green with red or yellow nuclei and yellow （compromised） or red （nonviable）. According to their stained color, cells were counted to calculate the percentage of dead, live, and compromised cells. Compromised cells are cells that grow very slowly after reculturing indicating a degree of reversible cell damage. Screening the germicidal activity using this staining method is accurate and efficient, and requires less time than the culture-based method. A modification to the procedure for measuring germicidal activity of rough surfaces or fibrous coatings was developed. Both TiO2 and metal-doped TiO2 （Ag, Pt, Au, Cu） possess non-UV based germicidal activity. The germicidal activity of TiO2 was found to be related with its wetting property and can be improved by UV irradiation before testing. It is not greatly affected by contact time, indicating a fast acting germicidal activity.

Synthesis of iron(Ⅲ)-doped nanostructure TiO_2/SiO_2 and their photocatalytic activity

Iron（Ⅲ）-doped nanostructure TiO2-coated SiO2 （TiO2/SiO2） particles were prepared using the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied. TiO2 colloids were synthesized employing the sol-gel method with TiChas a precursor. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, SEM, EDS, XPS, and XRD. The experimental results show that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles are well distributed, the amount of TiO2 is increased with the adding of coating layers, the pure anatase-TiO2 coating layers are synthesized at 500℃, and the photocatalytic activity of Fe^3＋-doped TiO2/SiO2 is higher than that of undoped TiO2/SiO2.

Photocatalytic Characterization of TiO_2 Supported on Active Carbon

The Photocatalytic characterization of TiO2 supported on active carbon was investigated for photocatalytic decomposition of dichloroacetic acid. It was found that TiO2 / AC exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2. The reason is that active carbon acting as powerful adsorbent supports makes high concentration environments of organic pollutant molecules around TiO2 particles.

Comparison of electrochemical properties of atmospheric pressure plasma coatings for Al_2O_3-3TiO_2 and CoNiCrAlY in sea water

To improve the durability of underwater rotating products,the corrosion characteristics in harsh marine environment were evaluated through various electrochemical experiments on the Al2O3-3TiO2 and CoNiCrAlY coating layers by atmospheric pressure plasma spray coating process.By evaluating the corrosion resistance of these materials,their applicability to environmentally friendly power generation equipment such as blades of tidal current turbines was examined.According to the Tafel analysis for micro-areas including the coating layer,the coating/metal interlayer and the base metal,the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer and the CoNiCrAlY coating layer show markedly lower corrosion current density than the base metal.The corrosion current density of the CoNiCrAlY coating layer (9.75316×10-8A/cm2) is about 1.6 times more than that of the Al2O3-3TiO2 coating layer (6.13139×10-8A/cm2).

Microstructural Characteristics and Wear Performance of Plasma Sprayed Al_2O_3-13 wt. % TiO_2 Coating on the Surface of Extrusion Wheel

The conventional Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 composite ceramic coatings are fabricated by plasma spraying on the surface of extrusion wheel. The microstrueture, morphology and phase compositions of the substrate and coat- ing are investigated by using X-ray diffractometry （XRD） , scanning electron microsopy （SEM） and energy dis- persive spectroscopy （EDS）. Moreover, the microhardness of the substrate and the coating are investigated using Vickers mierohardness tester, the friction and wear behaviors of the substrate and the coating are investigated by using a block-on-ring tribometer under dry sliding conditions with the load of 245 N. The results show that both γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 phases are observed in the as-sprayed coatings, the mian phase is γ-Al2O3. There are white particulates Al2O3 on its surface. The Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating possesses higher mierohardness which is about 1018HV and 1.6 times that of the substrate. The wear performance of coating is better than that of the substrate. In a practical application, the life of the extrusion wheel which is plasma sprayed Al2O3-13 wt. % TiO2 coating on the surface is 1.2 times that of the conventional extrusion wheel, and the life is about 330 h.

超临界乙醇流体制取活性炭-TiO_2光催化剂复合材料的研究

研究表明 :在超临界乙醇流体介质下钛酸异丙酯能有效地分解成具光催化活性的锐钛矿型TiO2 粒子 ,同时产生的TiO2 粒子可与活性炭融合成一体 ,形成的活性炭 TiO2 光催化剂复合材料具很好的光催化活性与吸附作用 ,而且具有的协同效应优于活性炭与TiO2

A Novel High Active TiO_2/AC Composite Photocatalyst Prepared by Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Method

A high active novel TiO2/AC composite photocatalyst was prepared and used for phenol degradation. It was much more active than P-25 and exhibiting good decantability, less deactivation after several runs and less sensitive to pH change. Diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS） revealed that the electronic change in TiO2 did not occur by the addition of AC. Results of SEM and XRD suggested that better TiO2 distribution can be achieved when optimal AC content was adopted. The performance of the prepared TiO2/5AC catalyst revealed great practical potential in wastewater treatment field.

Antibacterial Activity of TiO₂/Ti Composite Photocatalyst Films Treated by Ultrasonic Cleaning

In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performance reliability was examined. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite films showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is obvious that? TiO2/Ti composite films have antibacterial activity under UV irradiation.

纳米SnO2@TiO2包覆催化剂的制备及表征

采用活性层包覆法在自制超细SnO2胶体粒子表面包覆TiO2, 制备出SnO2@TiO2包覆型复合催化剂, 以其对有机磷农药DDVP的降解效果作为评价光催化活性的标准, 对制备条件进行了优化, 并用XRD、 TEM和BET等手段对样品进行了表征. 结果表明, SnO2胶体乙醇溶液含水量20％, 钛酸丁酯质量分数为34.5％, 灼烧温度680 ℃时制得TiO2含量56.45%的包覆样品SnO2@TiO2为纳米级粒子,且其光催化活性最佳.

活性碳载体对TiO_2光催化降解Cl_2CHCOOH性能的影响

研究了活性碳 (AC)载体对TiO2 光催化降解Cl2 CHCOOH性能的影响 .结果表明 ,加入AC载体能提高TiO2 的光催化反应速度 ,而且AC加入方法及含量有明显影响 .本文探讨了TiO2

TiO_2/Ag型抗菌活性碳纤维的制备和性能表征

采用涂覆和焙烧的简便方法 ,将载银二氧化钛 (TiO2 Ag)均匀地沉积在活性碳纤维表面。利用扫描电镜、氮气吸脱附等对活性碳纤维结构进行表征 ,研究发现活性碳纤维的微孔结构、活性碳纤维的高吸附性能基本保持不变。利用改良抑菌圈法研究了这类TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和链球菌的杀灭效果。结果表明 ,因Ag和TiO2 相互协同作用 ,TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维的抗菌性大大提高 ,当Ag含量为 0 .5 %时 ,在 37°C培养 4小时后 ,TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌就有很强的抗菌能力。由于TiO2 特殊的光催化特性 ,使TiO2 Ag活性碳纤维不仅适用于水的净化抗菌处理 ,更适用于空气的净化抗菌处理。

活性炭载体对TiO_2/AC光催化降解苯酚影响研究

分别以典型煤基活性炭和椰壳活性炭为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/AC复合光催化剂,采用低温氮气吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜等对其性能进行了表征,分析了活性炭载体对复合光催化剂性能的影响。结果表明:TiO2在椰壳活性炭载体上的负载率高于煤基活性炭,TiO2负载使椰壳活性炭的比表面积和微孔容明显减小,TiO2溶胶对微孔的堵塞作用显著,煤基复合光催化剂对苯酚的吸附和光催化效果优于椰壳复合光催化剂。

负载TiO_2催化降解乙萘酚

采用负载于活性炭载体上的TiO2 为催化剂 ,研究了在 2 5 0W高压汞灯照射下溶液中乙萘酚的光催化降解方法 ,探讨了不同负载次数、不同初始浓度、不同pH和光照时间对乙萘酚光催化降解效果的影响 .

微波强化TiO_2/AC光催化剂的制备及其光催化活性的研究

目的研究微波强化活性炭负载型TiO_2催化剂的光催化活性,确定催化剂的最佳制备条件.方法在自制的紫外光催化反应器中,以活性艳红X-3B染料水样的脱色率为参数,设计并讨论了微波辐射时间、微波功率及催化剂负载次数等单因素对光催化剂制备及其物理化学性质的影响.结果微波强化TiO_2/AC光催化剂的最佳制备条件为微波功率520 W,微波辐射时间1. 5 min,负载次数3次,其处理活性艳红X-3B染料水样的脱色率可达95. 6%.结论微波辐射制备的光催化剂表面存在较多的缺陷和较丰富表面羟基,提高了TiO_2表面电子-空穴对的分离效率,提高了光催化降解的效率.