Ti_3Al基金属间化合物的研究进展

对Ti3 Al基金属间化合物的研究情况及其合金组织、力学性能、影响因素作了概述 ,并重点介绍了其熔炼技术和铸造特性。最后 ,展望Ti3

Nb对Ti_3Al价电子结构及其脆性的影响

应用固体与分子经验电子理论计算了Ｔｉ３Ａｌ及加入Ｎｂ后各相的价电子结构，并从均匀变形因子α、解理能Ｇｃ及位错行为等方面分析了Ｎｂ对Ｔｉ３Ａｌ脆性的影响。结果表明，Ｎｂ使α２相部分无序化，产生新的韧性相，提高了Ｔｉ３Ａｌ合金的α和Ｇｃ值；同时Ｎｂ也减弱了ＴｉＴｉ共价键，增加了基面滑移，从而综合导致Ｔｉ３Ａｌ脆性有本质改善。

连续SiC纤维增强Ti_3Al基复合材料力学性能研究

采用箔—纤维—箔方法制备了连续SiC纤维增强Ti_3Al基复合材料(SiC_f/Ti_3Al),测定了两种SiC纤维增强Ti_3Al基复合材料的力学性能,分析了热处理工艺对复合材料力学性能的影响,讨论了复合材料在不同条件下的断裂机制研究表明,国产SiC纤维(无碳涂层)增强Ti_3Al复合材料的界面结合强度高于有碳涂层纤维增强的复合材料,力学性能却低于SCS-6纤维(有碳涂层)增强的复合材料。当热处理时间延长时,SCS-6/Ti_3Al复合材料界面反应层厚度增加,复合材料的力学性能下降。

Microstructure characterization of electron beam welded joints of Ti_3Al after post-weld heat treatment

The effect of post-weld heat treatment on the microstructure characterization of electron beam welded(EBW) joints of Ti3Al-Nb was investigated.The results show that the microstructure of the weld is predominantly metastable,the columnar crystal metastructure of B2 phase.The microstructure morphology of the weld is significantly influenced by the method of the heat treatment.The microstructure of the weld is laminar structure(Widmanstaten structure) consisted of interphase α2 and B2 after post-weld heat treatment of 1000 ℃/2 h.The mechanism of the post-weld heat treatment makes the hardness distribution of joints homogeneous,but makes the whole joint somehow softened.

INFLUENCE OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS（Nb，Mo，V） ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF Ti_3Al BASE ALLOYS

The microstructures of Ti-14Al-21Nb and Ti-14Al-20Nb-2Mo-3.2V(wt%) alloys have been investikated by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The phase constitution and the orientation relationship between α2and βwere identified by means of the selected area diffraction and the micro-diffraction techniques.Results show that,compared to Ti-14Al-21Nb,the alloying elements Mo and V can greatly increase the fraction of β phase and improve significantly the microstructures of Ti-14Al-20Nb-2Mo-3.2V.The ordered B2 structure is also evident in the residual βgrains of the latter alloy.

ADVANCE IN Ti_3 Al AND TiAl INTERMETALLICS RESEARCH IN CISRI

Recent work on Ti_3Al base alloy,TAC-1, developed in CISRI, including investigations of effects of modification in alloying and TMP on microstructural characteristics and mechanical behaviour,indicates that alloy TAC -1 is very promising structural material for a number of elevated temperature applications. Stuody dealing with a reverse relation between RT ductility and toughness found on TiA base alloy, TAC-2, led to development of a special heat treatment technique for producing a fine filly lamellar microstructure (FFL), which gives a high and balancing ductility and toughness. This is also of significance for promoting engineering applications of this alloy.

OXIDATION RESISTANCE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Ti_3Al-Nb-Mo-Si ALLOYS

In the present paper,the development of Ti3Al-Nb-Mo-Si alloys for high oxidation resistance is reviewed.Beside of weight gain of alloys with different Nb and Si addition is tested,the evaluation of comprehensive mechanical properties has been taken,include the room-temperature and 700℃ tensile properties,thermal stability,creep rupture and fracture toughness of the alloys,It has shown that the oxidation resistance and mechanical properties were significantly affected by the variation of Nb and Si contents.The composition with the best balance of properties is Ti-24Al-13Nb-1.5Mo-0.5Si and Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo,which is mush higher than that of Super,α_2 alloy (Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo).

Kinetics of Oxidation Resistance of the Ti_3Al-base Intermetallic Alloys

1.IntroductionThe research of the TD1 and TD2 al-loys based on intermetallic compound TiAl,which possesses high temperature capabilityfrom 650 to 700℃ was conducted.However,the limitation used at high temperature isimposed by oxidation and degradation ofcreep strength,and relatively little know-

Twinning-like Deformation Behaviour of Ti_3Al

The deformation behaviour of Ti-25. 53at%Al at 1073K was investigated under the transmission electronmicroscope (TEM). A twinning-like deformation behaviour was observed. Accordins to the structure symine-try under TEM the twinning plane should be the prism plane. We believe that the twinnins-like deformationshould be carried out firstly on prism plane in (1120) direction, during which the DO19 structure was destroyed. Then an atom rearranging process would occur, after which the DO19 structure was recovered andtherefore the deformation trace could not be retained. That may be also the main reason that the twinning-likedeformation process was hardly observed previously.

Rolling Texture in Ti_3Al

The orientation changes and deformation behaviours of a Ti_3Al-based alloy was investigated by using micro-structure obervalion, pole figure and ODF analysis, as well as Chemical micro-analysis. A {0001} fibretexture an0d a weak {1210} <1010> texture were found after 35% cold rolling at room temlierature. The activation process of slip systems was discussed concerning formation of the rolling texture. Because of the low ductility of the material it is believed that the grains were deformed by simple glide suggested by Sachs.

FRACTURE MECHANISM IN Ti_3Al+Si+Nb ALLOYS

Ti_3Al+Si+Nb alloys containing Ti_5Si_3 have the potential in ductility improvements. In this paper, the fracture mechanism of this alloy is under investigation. Three kinds of alloys in the as rolled condition were prepared for determination of KIC values and calculation of J-resistance curves. The results show that the morphology of Ti_5Si_3 has a great influence on the KIC. values of the alloys and crack growth resistance. The fracture mechanism is controlled by Ti_5Si_3 particles.

Advances in Industrial Applications of Ni_3Al Intermetallics Based Alloys

Research on high temperature wear mechanism shows that the oxidation and corrosion resistance, high temperature hardness, thermal fatigue resistance and structure stability are main control factors for Ni_3Al based alloys. Some important workpieces have been produced in mass quantity such as the guide shoe used in wire hot rolling. Ni_3Al based alloys could be used as cavitation erosion resistant materials mainly because of their high temperature mechanical properties, high work hardening ability and fatigue resistance. The weld electrode of Ni_3Al based alloy has been fabricated and used in the protection against cavitation erosion of big blade of hydraulic turbine in Sanmenxia Hydropower Station. Ni_3Al based alloys exhibit superproperties in the situation of high temperature over 1200℃, for example, in the work condition of flame tube of jet. Some of rivets used in combustor of jet are fabricated and tested.

定向凝固条件下Ti_(3)Al合金中梯度纳米结构的形成机制与力学行为——原子尺度研究

通过分子动力学(MD)模拟方法对Ti_(3)Al合金在定向凝固条件下的生长机理进行系统研究,并通过对比纳米晶(NG)、粗晶(CG)和梯度纳米晶(GNG)合金,研究Ti_(3)Al合金的结构力学性能。结果表明,在凝固过程中Ti_(3)Al相优先生长为等轴晶组织,随后逐渐演变为柱状粒,并最终形成梯度纳米晶结构。此时,晶粒在与凝固方向平行的方向优先生长。此外,研究还发现,相较于NG和CG结构,GNG结构定向凝固合金具有更高的抗拉强度和更好的延展性。GNG结构不仅有效抑制了小晶粒区域的应变局域化和晶粒生长,而且促进了较大晶粒区域的位错形成,从而获得更好的力学性能。

固态电解质Li_(1+x)Al_(x)Ti_(2-x)(PO_(4))_(3)中Li+的迁移特性

Li_(1+x)Al_(x)Ti_(2-x)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)是一种颇具前景的NASICON型锂离子固态电解质.本文通过第一性原理计算研究了不同Al掺杂浓度(x=0.00,0.16,0.33,0.50)对LATP的结构特性、电学特性以及Li^(+)迁移特性的影响.结果表明,Al能够稳定掺杂进入LiTi2(PO4)3(LTP)的晶体结构当中.当Al掺杂浓度x=0.16时,Li—O键的平均键长最长,成键强度最弱,而Ti—O键强度随Al掺杂浓度变化不大.Al掺杂浓度对LATP带隙的影响不大,但Al附近的O原子聚集了更多的负电荷,形成AlO6极化中心.Li^(+)不同的迁移方式(空位迁移、间隙位迁移和协同迁移)在Al掺杂浓度不同时展现出复杂的能垒变化,Li^(+)在空位迁移中迁移势垒随Al掺杂浓度的增大而升高,而在间隙位迁移中Li^(+)的迁移势垒变化相反,由于协同迁移中涉及空位和间隙位两种位点,Li^(+)的迁移势垒表现为随Al掺杂浓度的升高先降低后升高的复杂变化.当x=0.50时,LATP具有最低的Li^(+)迁移势垒0.342 eV,这个势垒值是间隙位迁移的结果.因此,通过改变Al掺杂浓度,可改变间隙Li^(+)浓度及迁移通道结构,进而调节Li^(+)的迁移性能,提高LATP中的Li^(+)导电性能.

Ni-Al辅助微波自蔓延烧结制备Ti_(3)SiC_(2)基金刚石复合材料工艺研究

为降低金刚石磨削工具的制造成本和能耗,探寻一种在低能耗下实现高性能陶瓷结合剂金刚石磨具的制备工艺,同时研究助燃剂Si和金刚石粒度等因素对样品物相组成、显微形貌和磨削性能的影响。采用Ti、Si、石墨粉和金刚石磨料作为原料,经冷压成型至生胚,通过Ni-Al辅助在微波场加热诱发Ti-Si-C体系发生自蔓延高温合成(SHS)反应以制备Ti_(3)SiC_(2)基金刚石复合材料。结果表明,高热值Ni-Al合金辅助可以缩短样品的烧结时间,还可以将诱发SHS反应的温度点控制在金刚石石墨化温度以下。在Ar保护气氛下,Ti-Si-C体系发生SHS反应,可生成Ti_(3)SiC_(2)、TiC和Ti5Si3等3种物相。随Si含量升高,Ti_(3)SiC_(2)相先增多后减少,当n(Ti):n(Si):n(C)=3∶1.1∶2时,复合材料的磨削性能最佳,磨耗比最高可达286.53。分析不同原料配比下的试样磨耗比差异的产生机制,认为基体组织中存在微小且分布均匀的气孔结构,在磨削时可产生大区域的平整磨削面,易于发挥金刚石磨料的磨削效果,有利于提升复合材料样品的磨削性能。

气流速度对Ti_(3)Al基合金摩擦起燃行为的影响

采用高温、高速摩擦点燃法研究Ti_(3)Al基合金在220~380 m/s气流环境中的起燃行为,结合理论计算分析气流速度对表面氧浓度、氧化控制步骤的影响,探讨气流速度对起燃行为的影响机理。结果表明:当气流速度达到240 m/s时,Ti_(3)Al基合金开始发生起燃;当气流速度达到360 m/s时,Ti_(3)Al基合金不再发生起燃。低气流速度下,高温下的表面氧浓度低于临界值,氧化反应控制步骤由低温下的化学动力学过程转变为高温下的氧向合金表面的扩散过程。随着气流速度的加快,虽然对流散热速率增大,但表面氧浓度增大引起的氧化产热速率的增大速率比对流散热速率的大,使得升温速率增大,促进Ti_(3)Al基合金发生起燃。高气流速度下,高温下的表面氧浓度仍然高于临界值,氧化反应控制步骤始终是化学动力学过程。随着气流速度的增大,高温下的氧化产热速率增大速率比对流散热速率的小,使得升温速率减小,不利于Ti_(3)Al基合金发生起燃。

Microstructure,interfacial reaction behavior,and mechanical properties of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)reinforced Al6061 composites

The interfacial reaction behavior of Al and Ti_(3)AlC_(2)at different pouring temperatures and its effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.The results show that the addition of3.0 wt.%Ti_(3)AlC_(2)refines the average grain size ofα(Al)in the composite by 50.1%compared to Al6061 alloy.Morphological analyses indicate that an in-situ Al_(3Ti)transition layer of-180 nm in thickness is generated around the edge of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)at 720℃,forming a well-bonded Al-Al_(3Ti)interface.At this processing temperature,the ultimate tensile strength of A16061-3.0 wt.%Ti_(3)AlC_(2)composite is 199.2 MPa,an improvement of 41.5%over the Al6061 matrix.Mechanism analyses further elucidate that 720℃is favourable for forming the nano-sized transition layer at the Ti_(3)AlC_(2)edges.And,the thermal mismatch strengthening plays a dominant role in this state,with a strengthening contribution of about 74.8%.

WC-Ni_3Al-B composites prepared through Ni+Al elemental powder route

In order to develop the liquid phase sintering process of WC-Ni3Al-B composites,the preparation process of WC＋Ni3Al prealloyed powder by reaction synthesis of carbonyl Ni,analytical purity Al and coarse WC powders was investigated.DSC and XRD were adopted to study the procedure of phase transformation for the 3Ni＋Al and 70%WC＋（3Ni＋Al） mixed powders in temperature ranges of 550-1200 °C and 25-1400 °C,respectively.The results demonstrate that the formation mechanism of Ni3Al depends on the reaction temperature.Besides WC phase,there exist Ni2Al3,NiAl and Ni3Al intermetallics in the powder mixture after heat treatment at 200-660 °C,while only NiAl and Ni3Al exist at 660-1100 °C.Homogeneous WC＋Ni3Al powder mixture can be obtained in the temperature range of 1100-1200 °C.The WC-30%（Ni3Al-B） composites prepared from the mixed powders by conventional powder metallurgy technology show nearly full density and the shape of WC is round.WC-30%（Ni3Al-B） composites exhibit higher hardness of 9.7 GPa,inferior bending strength of 1800 MPa and similar fracture toughness of 18 MPa-m1/2 compared with commercial cemented carbides YGR45（WC-30%（Co-Ni-Cr））.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe_3Al alloys prepared by MA-PAS and MA-HP

Fe3Al alloys with nearly full density were fabricated by plasma activated sintering（PAS） and hot pressing（HP） from mechanical alloyed Fe-28%Al（mole fraction） powders,respectively.It is found that A2-type Fe3Al alloys were obtained by PAS,and they had a heterogeneous grain size distribution,most areas had a grain size smaller than 500 nm,and other areas had a grain size of about 1 μm.Different to PAS,D03-type Fe3Al alloys with a grain size of of 1-2 μm were obtained by HP.The compression testing results show that yield strength values of Fe3Al alloys fabricated by PAS and HP are almost equal at an elevated temperature,and the compression yield strength was about 100 MPa for all at 800 ℃.The room temperature compression ductility of Fe3Al alloys by PAS was about 20%,which was superior to that of Fe3Al alloys prepared by HP and casting.