Restoration of Road Landscape Space on Campus:A Case Study of Tianjin University

In order to study the restoration of road landscape space,subjective evaluation method was adopted to visually evaluate different road spaces in Tianjin University with college students as the research objects.Using random block design,9 plots were quantitatively studied by Perceived Restorativeness Scale(PRS)from four dimensions:alienation,compatibility,richness and attractiveness.The results show that gray space has the worst restorative effect in the dimension of alienation,and can not bring people the feeling of being away from daily trivialities;in terms of compatibility dimension,green and blue spaces have better restorative effects;richness dimension has no obvious influence on the restoration of plots;in terms of attraction dimension,blue space has strong restorative ability and can easily attract people’s attention,while gray space has low attraction.There are differences in environmental restoration among different types of road space,and gray space,blue space and green space show weak,strong,and relatively stable restorative effects,respectively.

新分离的副粘病毒Tianjin株的全基因组序列分析

副粘病毒Tianjin株是一株对普通棉耳狨猴具有高致病性,并可能与人类下呼吸道感染密切相关的毒株。为了明确其基因结构、变异特点及种系进化地位,采用RT-PCR、测序和拼接,获得了副粘病毒Tianjin株全基因组序列,与GenBank登录的副粘病毒科7个属和尚未分类的28株病毒及7株仙台病毒代表株,进行同源性比较及系统进化分析。结果表明,副粘病Tianjin株属于副粘病毒科、副粘病毒亚科、呼吸道病毒属,与仙台病毒关系最近。基因组全长及组成规律与仙台病毒相似,只是L基因末尾A15240C变异而使L蛋白增加了一个谷氨酸残基。副粘病毒Tianjin株存在440个独特的核苷酸变异位点,导致110个氨基酸残基的改变,系统进化上构成独立的分支。副粘病毒Tianjin株在基因组序列、宿主亲嗜性和致病性等方面与已知仙台病毒存在较大的差异,可能代表仙台病毒的一个新基因型。

Analysis on Vapour Field for the Drought Causes in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei Districts in Recent Years

The monthly variation,temporal-spatial distribution,transportation characteristics of vapour field at middle and lower atmosphere and their effects on drought in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei districts were studied,which have a guiding significance on predicting climate and arranging agricultural production in the district.

副粘病毒Tianjin株NP蛋白的表达及分析

1999年，本实验室从群体性暴发的急性呼吸道感染致死的普通棉耳绒猴肺组织中分离到一株副粘病毒，命名为副粘病毒Tianjin株。经研究发现该动物中心的工作人员都有此病毒抗体，且正常人群（献血员）抗体阳性率高达46％，急性呼吸道感染的患儿抗体阳性率为19．28％，提示此病原体与人类可能有密切的关系。经血清学、形态学及基因测序研究，表明副粘病毒Tianjin株与仙台病毒（Sendai virus，SeV）同源性较高，

副粘病毒Tianjin株NP蛋白的表达及分析

目的分析副粘病毒Tianjin株NP蛋白与其他SeV的同源性及种系进化关系,探讨其变异及抗原性。方法克隆NP基因,对其核苷酸和氨基酸序列进行同源性及进化分析。在原核系统中分3段表达NP蛋白。结果经Western blot分析,重组蛋白NP1、NP2和NP3能与副粘病毒Tianjin株抗血清特异反应,具有天然抗原性。Tianjin株与仙台病毒BB1株NP的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为94.5%和96.2%,与其他仙台病毒的同源性,在85.1%～88.7%和92.4%～94.7%之间。Tianjin株NP蛋白共有15个独特的氨基酸变异位点和11个与BB1株共有的变异位点。Tianjin株与BB1株NP核苷酸序列的差异大于同一进化分支内的仙台病毒之间的差异。结论副粘病毒Tian-jin株属于仙台病毒新的进化分支。重组NP蛋白具有抗原性。

Macrobenthos Community Structure and Its Relations With Environmental Factors in Three Reservoirs in Tianjin

[Objective] The aim was to research macrobenthos community structure and its relations with environmental factors in three reservoirs. [Method] Benthic diversity and water quality of Yuqiao Reservoir, Beidagang Reservoir and Er- wangzhuang Reservoir were investigated in May, July and September 2011, respec- tively. []Result] Of all the 14 sampling sites, 22 species of macroinvertebrates were collected, totally, which included 6 species of aquatic insects, 7 species of Mollusca, 2 species of Crustacean, 7 species of Oligochaeta. The species of macroinverte- brates during May, July and September in Yuqiao reservoir were 11, 8 and 10, respectively. The dominant species were Chironomus sinicus, and Monopylephorus limosus. The average density and biomass of the macrobenthos were 132.43 ind./m2 and 50.09 g/m2. Yuqiao reservoir was mostly at status of premediate polluted, according to the Margalef index, Shannon index and Pielou index. The species of during May, July and September in Beidagang reservoir were 5 5 and 5, respectively. The dominant species were Chironomus sinicus, Penaeus vannamei. The average density and biomass of the macrobenthos were 218 ind./m2 and 2.70 g/m2. Beidagang reservoir was mostly at status of heavy polluted, accord- ing to the Margalef index, Shannon-wiener index, Pielou index. The species of during May, July and September in Erwangzhuang reservoir were 3, 5 and 5, respectively. The dominant species were Monopylephorus limosus, Chi- ronomus sinicus. The average density and biomass of the macrobenthos were 104 ind/m2 and 0.20 g/m2. Erwangzhuang reservoir was mostly at status of intermediate polluted, according to the Margalef index, Shannon index, Pielou index. The density of zoobenthos in Yuqiao Reservoir was positively significantly correlated with TP （P〉 0.05）, negatively correlated with NH4＋-N （P〉0.05）, positively correlated with COD （P〈 0.01）, not significantly correlated with other environment factors （P〉0.05）. There was no significant correlation between biomass of zoobenthos and environment factors. The density of zoobenthos in Beidagang Reservoir with NH4＋-N was positively signif- icantly correlated （P〈0.05）, not significantly correlated with other aquatic environment factors （P〉0.05）. There was no significant correlation between biomass of zoobenthos and environment factors. The density of zoobenthos in Erwangzhuang Reser- voir with NO3-N was positively significantly correlated （P〈0.05）, not significant cor- related with other aquatic environment factors （F〉0.05）. The biomass of zoobenthos in Erwangzhuang Reservoir with NH4＋-N was positively significantly correlated （P〈 0.05）, not significant correlated with other aquatic environment factors （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] It is indicated that this three reservoirs were all eutrophied and polluted, and the eurephication extent change of water in three reservoirs is as follows： Beidagang reservoir〉Erwangzhuang reservoir〉Yuqiao reservoir.

Analysis on Landscape Pattern of Urban Green Space in Tianjin City

Based on IKONOS satellite image in August of 2008,and by using GIS technique and spatial pattern analysis software FRAGSTATS,the paper analyzed landscape pattern of urban green space in Tianjin City from the aspects of patch composition and level of category and landscape.The result showed that there were manymin-sized patches in Tianjin City while large patches occupied a large proportion of the total area of green space.Green spaces were unbalanced in distribution and unreasonable in structure.It suggested adjusting the structure of urban green space,reducing the degree of landscape fragmentation,strengthening the construction of large and mid-sized green patches,so as to improve ecological function of green space.

RS/GIS-Based Analysis of Landscape Pattern Evolution in Tianjin City

Taking the downtown area of Tianjin City and Beichen District,Xiqing District,Jinnan District and Dongli District in its neighborhood as the study area,TM remote sensing images(with a resolution ratio of 30 m)of 1993 and 2001 were utilized to analyze landscape structures and evolution characteristics of the study area by calculating its landscape pattern indexes with the help of ArcGIS9.3.The results showed that:A.Ratios of landscape components changed greatly,area ratio of each landscape component varied in different degrees.Area of farmland decreased from 32.7% to 29.2%;area of green spaces decreased from 27.4% to 20.4%;water area decreased from 26.1% to 23.7%;construction land area increased from 13.8% to 26.8%,and replaced the dominant status of farmland.B.There were 99 366 landscape patches in the study area by 2001,which was almost twice as much as 52 832 landscape patches in 1993.C.Urbanization and increasing human interventions led to the increase of landscape diversity indexes,and the aggravated fragmentation.Through analyzing dynamic changes of urban landscape structures in Tianjin City,evolution trend of the structural characteristics of urban spaces and its factors can be better understood,city pattern and land use properly planned,benign development of economy,society and eco-environment realized.

Study on the Spatial Pattern Changes of Land Use Based on Fractal Dimensions in Tianjin New Coastal Area

[Objective] The aim was to discuss the spatial pattern changes of land use in Tianjin new coastal area based on fractal dimensions.[Method] By dint of remote and geographic information system technology to obtain the data of urban land use in new coastal area from 1993 to 2008,the boundary dimension,radius dimension and information dimension of each land use type were calculated based on fractal dimension.In addition,the revealed land use spatial dimension changes characteristics were analyzed.[Result] The spatial distribution of each land use type in new costal area had distinct fractal characteristics.And,the amount and changes of three types of dimension values effectively revealed the changes of complicatedness,centeredness and evenness of spatial pattern of land use in the study area.The boundary dimension of unused land and salty earth increased incessantly,which suggested its increasing complicatedness.The boundary of the port and wharf and shoal land was getting simpler.The radius dimension of the cultivated land was larger than 2,which suggested that its area spread from center to the surroundings;the one in salty land and waters distributed evenly within different radius space to the center of the city;the one in other land use types reduced gradually from center to the surroundings.The information dimension value in the woodland and orchard land,unused land and shoal land was small,and was in obvious concentrated distribution;the spatial distribution of cultivated and salty land concentrated in the outside area;the construction area in the port and wharf spread gradually on the basis of original state;the spatial distribution of waters and residents and mines were even.[Conclusion] Applying fractal dimensions to the study of spatial pattern changes of urban land use can make up for some disadvantages in classical urban spatial pattern quantitative research,which has favorable practical value.

Analysis of Current Situation and Countermeasures of Plant Landscapes on Tianjin Urban Squares of China

Through the survey of plant landscapes on eight representative squares in Tianjin City,the paper had pointed out that plant landscapes on Tianjin squares were improper in terms of plants richness,cultivation layer and color change.It had suggested selecting regional characteristic tree species,applying salt-tolerant plants,emphasizing the diversity of plants species,highlighting the application of towering arbors,stressing the use of color-leaved plants,and creating abundant plant communities,so as to provide citizens with a more practical and ornamental square landscape environment through improving plant landscapes on squares in Tianjin City.

副粘病毒Tianjin株F基因真核表达载体的构建及初步鉴定

为研究仙台病毒主要表面抗原f蛋白对小鼠的免疫效果,应用RT-PCR从副粘病毒Tianjin株基因组中扩增出F基因,将其插入pcDNA3的Pcmv下游,构建了F基因真核表达载体,同时使用PCR、限制性酶切和测序等方法对其进行了鉴定,鉴定结果证实构建成功.构建好的F基因真核表达载体可为下一步的体外表达和动物免疫实验奠定基础.

Statistical and causes analysis of storm surges along Tianjin coast during the past 20 years

Based on tidal data statistical analysis for 20 years of Tanggu Marine Environmental Monitoring Station from 1991 to 2010, we concluded that an average of nearly 10 days of 100 cm above water increase took place at Tianjin coast every year. The maximum high tide and average tide of Tianjin coast occurred in summer and autumn, and the maximum water increase also occurred in summer and autumn. Days with water increase more than 100 cm mostly occurred in spring, autumn and winter. Then we summarized the causes of coastal storm surge disaster in Tianjin based on astronomical tide factors, meteorological factors, sea level rise, land subsidence, and geographic factors, et al. Finally, we proposed storm surge disaster prevention measures.

Adaptability of Some Blueberry Species in Tianjin

[Objective] The aim was to research the adaptability of 8 blueberry species in Tianjin. [Method] With 8 blueberry species as materials, blueberry was explored in terms of plant characters, the type of fruit-bearing branch, phenological phase, fruit economic characters, and yielding capacity. [Result] Al blueberry species were suitable to be grown in Tianjin with improved soils, showing blueberry growth characters, without any virus or diseases. General y speaking, species B, C, D, E, F and G can be grown in soils exposed to the air as fresh food; species A and H are suitable to be cultivation; species C tastes sour, which can be planted for further production. [Conclusion] The research provides references for blueberry introduction, selection, and cultivation in the region with similar ecological characters.

Spatial Pattern of Leisure Agriculture in Baoding City for Its Docking with Beijing and Tianjin

By reviewing advantageous location of Baoding City in the green economic circle of capital rim, as well as its resource and environmental advantages, present development and future trend of leisure agriculture in Baoding City were analyzed, SWOT analysis of its conditions for the docking with Beijing and Tianjin was carried out, its strengths were demonstrated in policy, location, passenger origin and humanistic environment; its weaknesses were proposed as: lack of integrated planning, unitary, scattered and low-grade products, incomplete infrastructure and management service system, inadequate efforts in propagation; opportunities: development of the green economic circle of capital rim, stable promotion of new countryside construction, economic development and changing concepts of people; threats: competition of neighboring regions. On this basis, internal and external environment that leisure agriculture of Baoding City must have to realize its docking with Beijing and Tianjin were studied, and then it was proposed that spatial pattern docking was the first step, and the docking should be realized in rings and modules.

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Limiting Factors of Medium-low Yield Farmland in Tianjin

[Objective] This paper aimed to understand the area change and distribu- tion of medium-low yield farmland, and offered basis to the improvement of mediumlow farmland and its increase of grain production in Tianjin. [Method] Based on the statistical date of Tianjin and its relevant counties and districts, the yield standard was set up to classify high-yield, medium-yield and low-yield farmland in Tianjin. The author analyzed area change of medium-low yield farmland in six agricultural counties and districts （including Jixian County, Wuqing District, Baodi District, Ninghe County, Jinghai County and Dagang district of Binghai New Area） from 1980 to 2010. [Result] The results showed that the average yield of grain rose from 2 445 kg/hm^2 in 1980 to 5 130 kg/hm^2 in 2010, increasing 109.82%. The area of mediumlow yield farmland was reduced from 291 250.13 hm^2 in 1985 to 76 489.87 hm^2 in 2010, coming down 74%. In Tianjin, the area of medium-low yield farmland of 2010 accounted for 19% of the total farmland, of which the ratios of medium-low yield farmland of Jinghai County, Jixian County, Dagang district of Binghai New Area, Wuqing District, Baodi District and Ninghe County were 43.12%, 18.59%, 17.23%, 14.01%, 7.05% and 0, respectively. Low soil nutrient content, drought and water shortage, as well as soil salinization were the main yield limiting factors to mediumlow yield farmland in Tianjin in 2010. [Conclusion] The countermeasures to improve the medium-low yield farmland were proposed, involving enhancing the investment of the government, strengthening the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, further improving the soil fertility, as well as saline and alkaline land, optimizing the farming system and planting drought and salt tolerance crops, etc.

Analysis of the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Urban System in Tianjin City

Urbanization level of Tianjian City was comprehensively assessed by mathematical methods such as geometrical center,center deviation,divergence measurement and uniformity measurement of the city in this study.The results showed that Tianjin City has high divergence,lowuniformity,relatively low level of urbanization,so that the process of urbanization should be further enhanced.

Characteristic analysis of Tianjin offshore tide

Tidal data of Tanggu marine environment monitoring stations for 59 years （1950-2008） was processed by using harmonic analysis, harmonic constants curves were discussed. And by using FFT spectral analysis periodicity and causation of its harmonic constants were analyzed. Alter astronomic tide signal was eliminated, residual water level was decomposed by using FFT spectral analysis, and then we got the periodic variation of mean residual water level over the past 50 years and discussed mean sea level changing trends of Tianjin offshore. The results show that variety of amplitude of M2 tidal constituent reveals 20 years, 4-6 years, 2-3-year periods, and it was obviously influenced by engineering construction since reform and opening age. Residual water level fluctuations reveal 20 years, 5-6 years, 2-3 years and 1 year periods. Sea level of Tianjin offshore displays a progressive ascending trend with rate about 3.4mm/a, which was influenced mainly by sea level rise and land subsidence.

Changes of Wetland Landscape Pattern in New Coastal District of Tianjin City

With the wetland landscape in New Coastal District of Tianjin City as the chief study objective and based on the remote sensing and non-remote sensing data of ETM/TM with 1999-2007 as the time scale and the new administrative region of New Coastal District as the space (scale) scope, this paper conducted the study on the landscape pattern change. The results showed that the natural wetland and agricultural land tended to decrease, while the saltern, maricultural areas and construction land increased apparently. The overall landscape shape tended to develop in simplification and regulation and with the development of population and social economy, human’s intervention to the landscape was getting improved.

仙台病毒Tianjin株及其HN/F基因真核表达质粒对人副流感病毒Ⅰ型的血清中和实验研究

目的:探讨仙台病毒Tianjin株(SeV)及其核酸制备预防人副流感病毒I型(hPIV-1)疫苗的可行性。方法(:1)用SeV免疫小鼠3次后取血清,间接ELISA法检测免疫血清抗体效价。(2)将倍比稀释的免疫血清与100 TCID50/0.1 ml的hPIV-1进行中和实验,观察细胞病变(CPE)并计算50%血清中和终点。(3)构建SeV真核表达质粒pVAX1-F、pVAX1-HN,分别单独或联合免疫小鼠,取免疫血清检测对hPIV-1的中和终点。结果:SeV免疫血清抗体的50%中和终点分别为39.8、12.6、16.0、44.7、25.1;质粒免疫血清抗体的中和作用按pVAX1-HN+pVAX1-F组>pVAX1-HN组>pVAX1-F组依次递减。结论:仙台病毒Tianjin株及其HN基因、F基因真核表达质粒能诱导机体产生抗hPIV-1抗体,有可能成为制备预防hPIV-1疫苗的有效毒株。

Heavy metal pollution in Tianjin Bohai Bay,China

The contamination levels and distribution characters of heavy metals in coastal waters and sediments from Tianjin Bohai Bay,China were examined.Pb and Zn were found as the main heavy metal pollutants in the coastal waters of the bay.High levels of Pb and Zn appeared especially near the estuary,indicating that river discharge was the main pollution source.Moreover,atmospheric deposition resulted in Pb contamination in the middle of the embayment.Analysis of data for the period 1987-2004 indicated that Pb pol...