Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of Beijing and Tianjin region: Vertical distribution, correlation with TOC and transport mechanism

The contents and distribution of 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （HAHs） were investigated in 16 soil profiles of Beijing and Tianjin region. Transport of high molecular weight PAHs （HMWPAHs） and the correlation between total organic carbon （TOC） and their concentrations were also discussed. The results indicated that highly contaminated sites were located at urban or wastewater irrigation areas and pollutants mainly accumulated in topsoil （〈 40 cm）, with a sharp content decrease at the vertical boundary of 30-40 cm. Total PAHs/HAHs concentrations in soils from Tianjin were markedly greater than those from Beijing. Even the contents at bottoms of soil profiles in Tianjin were higher than those in topsoils of Beijing soil profile. HMWPAHs dominated the PAH profiles, exhibiting a uniform distribution of pyrogenic origin between topsoils and deep layers. Furthermore, the percentages of HMWPAHs remained relative constant with the depth of soil profiles, which were consistent with the distribution of particulate matter-associated PAHs in the local atmospheric environments. Therefore, HMWPAHs transport with particulates might be the predominant source found in soil profiles.

Atmospheric Circulation and Dynamic Mechanism for Persistent Haze Events in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

In this study, regional persistent haze events（RPHEs） in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei（BTH） region were identified based on the Objective Identification Technique for Regional Extreme Events for the period 1980–2013. The formation mechanisms of the severe RPHEs were investigated with focus on the atmospheric circulation and dynamic mechanisms. Results indicated that：（1） 49 RPHEs occurred during the past 34 years.（2） The severe RPHEs could be categorized into two types according to the large-scale circulation, i.e. the zonal westerly airflow（ZWA） type and the high-pressure ridge（HPR） type. When the ZWA-type RPHEs occurred, the BTH region was controlled by near zonal westerly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere.Southwesterly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere, and near-surface wind speeds were only 1–2 ms^-1. Warm and humid air originating from the northwestern Pacific was transported into the region, where the relative humidity was 70% to 80%, creating favorable moisture conditions. When the HPR-type RPHEs appeared, northwesterly airflow in the mid–upper troposphere controlled the region. Westerly winds prevailed in the lower troposphere and the moisture conditions were relatively weak.（3） Descending motion in the mid-lower troposphere caused by the above two circulation types provided a crucial dynamic mechanism for the formation of the two types of RPHEs. The descending motion contributed to a reduction in the height of the planetary boundary layer（PBL）, which generated an inversion in the lower troposphere. This inversion trapped the abundant pollution and moisture in the lower PBL, leading to high concentrations of pollutants.

Empirical Study on Effect of Industrial Structure Change on Regional Economic Growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region

Based on the data of gross domestic product(GDP),industrial added value and the proportion of industrial employees from 2000 to 2008,this paper studies the effect of industrial structure change on the regional economic growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region in China using the shift-share method.The results show that:1) In the 21st century,the industrial output of three industries,namely,primary,secondary,and tertiary,and the GDP grew rapidly in the study period.The tertiary industry grew the fastest;it had the largest contribution to the GDP and mean-while had become the most competitive industry in the metropolitan region.2) The development of cities within the region was not balanced.Firstly,compared with Tianjin,Beijing,as one of the two core cities,was more rational in the industrial structure.Secondly,the surrounding eight cities,which are Shijiazhuang,Qinhuangdao,Tangshan,Langfang,Baoding,Cangzhou,Zhangjiakou,and Chengde,were all uncompetitive than the two core cities.3) There was a great industrial gradient in the region(especially between the two core cities and the cities of Tangshan,Baoding,Zhangjia-kou,Chengde,Cangzhou,and Langfang).As a result,it is foreseeable that the industry transfer in the Bei-jing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region will be one of the trends in regional development,and the industry transfer is inevitably to promote the regional integration.

Decomposition of factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,based on the perspective of terminal energy consumption

In order to analyze the factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and to explore the pathways to developing a low-carbon economy,this paper begins with the terminal energy consumption of three industries and residential consumption,and constructs an identical equation which is composed of population size,level of economic development,energy intensity,the proportion of energy consumption,energy structure,and the coefficient of carbon emissions.Based on the data of terminal energy consumption during 2000-2012,various factors are analyzed and their contribution is measured by Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI).The results show that the levels of population and economy have a positive driving effect while energy intensity,energy structure,and carbon intensity have a negative driving effect;the proportion of energy consumption had a negative driving effect prior to 2006,then changed to positive.Among suggestions for a low-carbon economy are controlling population size,improving the quality of economic development,supporting research into new energy technology,accelerating regional integration and optimizing industrial structure,and enhancing environmental protection and spreading the concept of a low-carbon economy.

A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION OF BEIJING-TIANJIN-TANGSHAN REGION FROM JIN DYNASTY TO THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA (A.D. 1153-1949)

Studies of the law and characteristics of population and land-use development of the Bejing-Tianjin-Tangshen region from 1153-1949 indicated that the land development process in the region is closely related with population change of the corresponding period In Jin Dynasty, population increased rapidly, in Yuan and Ming dynasties, population increased with a sustainability while from Qing Dynasty to the founding of the Republic, population increased substatially.Wasteland reclamation and cereals cultivation by garrison and farmers appeared in Jin Dyasty and reached climax in Ming Dynasty. Correlation analysis of poulation increase and cultivated area showed that they follow a linear equation which means that population increase and cultivated area expansion were at a similar rate.

A Brief Analysis of the Causes and Countermeasures of Fog-Haze in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Since China broke the blockade and opened the country to the outside world, many township enterprises develop quickly. Together with the pollution caused by China’s coal-burning as the main source of national energy, the pollution caused by small and medium-sized enterprises in towns and villages due to their small investment, low technology level and weak environmental awareness, and the pollution caused by a sharp increase in motor vehicle emissions lead to the fact that fog-haze has been rampant in China’s cities and urban agglomerations for nearly two decades, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper sorted out the current situation of fog-haze and analyzed the causes of fog-haze from the two aspects of natural and man-made causes, discussed the harms of fog-haze to human body, environment and life, and put forward the concrete measures to solve the fog-haze problem.

Assessing performance of cross-administrative environment governance based on PSR model:An empirical analysis of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

As an effective environment governance tool,environment governance performance evaluation is an important content and method to promote the modernization of environment governance system and governance ability.The environmental pollution of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has typical cross-administrative characteristics.Based on the analysis of the major environmental pollution problems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,according to the international environment governance PSR model,a performance evaluation system that applies to the environment governance of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is established.Meanwhile,the principal component analysis method is applied to conduct an empirical analysis of the environmental governance panel data for the 13 major cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2014 to 2016.The results show that most of the cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region attach great importance to reduction of emission and pollutants,continuously alleviating the stress of environmental governance.However,the overall improvement of the environment governance performance in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has presented a polarization imbalance.There is a clear tendency for subjective biases in the implementation of environment governance and a lack of comprehensive and systematic governance.According to the environment governance performance evaluation result of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the cross-administrative regional environment governance should improve the environment governance performance evaluation system as soon as possible,strengthen the consistency of the environment governance objectives,and implement comprehensive and systematic governance for the regional environment.

Measurement of Urban Economic Gravity of China’s Three Major Agglomerations and Its Implications for the Coordinated Development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

This paper adopts the perspective of urban economic linkage and the modified urban economic gravity model to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic gravity among cities in China’s three major urban agglomerations,including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Yangtze River Delta,and the Pearl River Delta.The results show that,despite the ever-tightening economic linkages among cities in the urban agglomerations,the development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region falls behind that of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta in terms of coordination,closeness,and balance.The economic linkages among cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are not as cohesive as they could be and display a significant“siphon effect”through Beijing and Tianjin as well as a prominently unidirectional economic flow.This study suggests that efforts should be put into directing the orderly flow of resources from Beijing and Tianjin to cities in Hebei and promoting a balanced economic flow among cities,thus facilitating the coordination of regional development.

京津冀协同发展十周年回顾与展望

京津冀协同发展战略实施十周年,在疏解北京非首都功能方面推动形成了“一核两翼”发展新格局,在交通、生态环保、产业三大领域实现了率先突破,在教育、医疗、养老等公共服务均等化方面取得了令人瞩目的成效,在体制机制改革创新方面迈出了坚实的步伐。在高质量发展新阶段,努力成为中国式现代化建设的先行区、示范区已成为京津冀协同发展新的目标,因此,京津冀还须克服诸多短板和不足,以创新发展为动力,在加快形成“新质生产力”上走在全国前列;以协调发展为主线,在打造世界级城市群方面发挥示范带动作用;以绿色发展为导向,在建设生态修复环境改善示范区上实现新突破;以开放发展为助力,在打造改革开放引领区方面发挥先行先试作用;以共享发展为目的,在推进区域共同富裕方面打造全国样板。

京津冀地区PM_(2.5)与CO_(2)的协同控制效应及调控因素研究

京津冀地区面临着二氧化碳(CO_(2))减排和细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))浓度降低的双重挑战,研究该地区CO_(2)与PM_(2.5)的协同控制效应及调控因素演变特征,对其经济高质量发展与环境改善具有重要意义。文章基于2005-2020年人口栅格数据、夜间灯光数据以及统计年鉴数据,利用协同控制效应坐标系法和时空地理加权回归模型评估了京津冀地区CO_(2)排放量和PM_(2.5)浓度的协同控制效应及调控因素作用机制的时空异质性。结果表明:(1)京津冀地区实现CO_(2)和PM_(2.5)协同控制效应的区域呈现上升-下降-上升的变化趋势,在2019年达到最高,最高占比68.15%。(2)第三产业发达、清洁能源丰富或产业布局合理的城市更易实现CO_(2)排放量与PM_(2.5)浓度的共控。(3)产业结构、研发支出、对外开放程度和降雨量为京津冀地区协同控制CO_(2)排放量和PM_(2.5)浓度的主要因素,但这些调控因素的作用存在时空异质性。

京津冀科技创新与产业协同发展研究

京津冀协同发展战略实施十年以来,京津冀地区在科技创新与产业协同发展方面取得诸多进展,致力于打造全国科技创新高地,构建分工合理的创新发展格局,但仍然面临创新资源分布失衡、创新能级差距过大、北京创新辐射带动作用不足、创新链与产业链不匹配、先进制造业集群化建设不完善等问题。为此,应立足和巩固京津冀协同发展的积极成果,根据京津冀创新基础和现状格局,建立起创新链和产业链有效衔接的体制机制,以实现“强化协同创新和产业协作、在实现高水平科技自立自强中发挥示范带动作用”的新要求。

京津冀非物质文化遗产档案资源整合的SWOT分析及优化策略

京津冀三地山水相连,文化相通,京津冀非物质文化遗产档案资源整合是京津冀协同发展和国家文化数字化战略的应有之义。通过SWOT法全面分析京津冀非遗档案资源整合工作中的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,并提出增强京津冀一体化认同感、充分运用数字技术、加强人才队伍建设、提高非遗数字化覆盖面、建立统一的格式和标准、多元主体共建非遗档案数据资源、完善非遗数据库建设、建立非遗档案共享和交流平台等策略,旨在通过京津冀非遗档案资源整合进一步提升非遗保护与传承质量。

基于RUSLE模型的京津冀地区土壤侵蚀时空变化分析

【目的】土壤侵蚀是一种日益严重的生态问题,已经成为全球性的环境挑战,对人类的生存和可持续发展产生了极大的威胁。因此基于多源遥感数据,【方法】通过RUSLE模型和地理探测器模型研究了1990—2020年京津冀地区土壤侵蚀在时空尺度上的动态变化,并对其驱动因素进行了分析。【结果】结果显示:(1) 1990—2020年京津冀地区的土壤侵蚀总体呈现东南低西北高的分布特征,且以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,其百分比达到73.79%。(2)京津冀大部分地区土壤侵蚀等级主要由高向微强度侵蚀转移,且转移比例都在50%以上,整体有所好转,但存在局部加剧。(3)各个影响因子对土壤侵蚀的解释力依次为:坡度>高程>土地覆盖类型>植被覆盖度>降雨量>人口密度>GDP。【结论】相关结论可为水土流失治理以及防治提供一定的科学参考,同时也可为其他地区的土壤侵蚀治理提供参考。

京津冀高质量协同:发展历程、取得成效与未来展望

京津冀协同发展是重大国家战略。经过10年来的发展,京津冀协同发展已迈入高质量协同发展阶段,在科技创新、空间布局、生态保护、对外开放、民生领域等方面取得一系列显著成效,但也存在创新转化能力不足、产业转移承接断层、“过密过疏”现象突出、生态联合治理及生态补偿机制有待完善等挑战。面向中国式现代化建设的先行区、示范区这一目标任务,应进一步完善顶层制度设计和空间功能布局,以新质生产力为协同发展的新引擎,让数据要素成为协同发展的新动能,推动京津冀协同发展迈向更高质量、更高水平。

京津冀地区地理标志农产品品牌建设研究

地理标志农产品是特色农业产业发展的重要抓手,加强地理标志农产品品牌建设和发展对于提高农民收入,促进区域经济发展具有积极推动作用,是农业产业持续健康发展的重要保障之一。京津冀地区拥有平原、丘陵、山地、高原、海洋等多样的农地资源,具有丰富的特色农产品资源。目前京津冀地区在地理标志农产品品牌建设和保护方面取得了较大的进展,但是仍然存在数量少,分布不均衡、品牌意识弱、宣传渠道受限、品牌声誉不高、人文历史因素重视不足等问题,亟待进一步解决优化。因此,应不断加强地理标志农产品的挖掘、提升品牌保护意识、拓宽营销渠道、加强品牌宣传推广及品牌管理、深入挖掘人文历史特征等,不断提升京津冀地理标志农产品品牌价值和竞争力。

高质量发展视角下京津冀一体化测度与推进策略

推进京津冀高质量一体化发展,对于构建新发展格局意义重大。研究发现,京津冀地区呈多线程复杂网络形态,但大部分城市之间的联动发展指数较低,区域联动网络结构较为脆弱,区域一体化水平较低。其原因主要是区域内部城市体系不合理、产业互动性不足以及叠加制度性壁垒等。为推进区域一体化发展,京津冀三地应优化空间布局,深化产业分工合作、增强产业间联系,破除制度性壁垒、畅通要素流动渠道。

京津冀地区蔬菜废弃物污染风险及资源化利用潜力分析

以京津冀地区13个地级市为研究对象,通过文献整理和数据分析,估算出各地级市蔬菜废弃物的污染负荷、污染强度和污染风险,并结合各地化肥施用量,探究蔬菜废弃物的资源化利用潜力。结果表明,2020年京津冀地区的蔬菜废弃物、TN、TP和TK污染负荷分别为2 199 836、46 627、28 509和49 674 t。各地级市中,唐山市、张家口市、石家庄市和邯郸市的污染负荷较高;廊坊市、唐山市、秦皇岛市和石家庄市的污染风险较高。若将京津冀地区蔬菜废弃物资源化利用,所利用带来的肥料化效益达到124 802 t,相当于区域内4.06%的化肥施用折纯量,资源化效益显著。因此,推动京津冀地区蔬菜废弃物的资源化利用对于缓解资源紧缺和环境污染具有重要意义。

京津冀碳排放效率的影响因素与空间分布特征研究

通过分析京津冀地区碳排放效率的空间分布特征,对区域环境治理和经济可持续发展提供科学依据和战略支持。使用最近邻法构建了空间权重矩阵,通过莫兰指数检验发现该地区的碳排放效率存在显著的空间相关性,即相邻地区的碳排放效率具有较高的相似性。使用空间杜宾模型对碳排放效率进行了回归分析,发现产业结构、经济发展水平、技术进步等因素对碳排放效率有正向促进作用,并且周边碳排放效率高的地区对本地区的碳排放效率也具有正向驱动作用。对多元回归模型中各变量的直接效应、间接效应和总效应进行解释,总体来看,人口密度、节能减排目标完成情况、研发投入占GDP比重和第三产业占比等因素对被解释变量的影响比其他因素更为显著。

1948年平津高校师生拒绝美援救济品运动述论

拒绝美援救济品运动是1948年平津高校师生“反美扶日”运动的重要组成部分,目的是为了抗议美国驻华使节对中国学生的侮辱和威胁,维护中国人民的尊严和气节。它之所以发生在平津地区,是因为美国中华救济团在平津实施的一项为学生补充营养的紧急救济计划,这使平津高校师生找到了维护尊严与维持生活之间的平衡点。当时所拒绝的美援救济品主要是美国中华救济团提供的作为学生营养补助品的鸡蛋和豆浆,而非维生必需品。这是平津高校师生在维护尊严与维持生活之间努力寻求平衡的一种无奈选择和抗争,其象征意义大于实质意义。它反映了平津高校师生“不食嗟来之食”的骨气,收到了一定积极效果,是一项值得肯定的正义之举。